Download 5th Grade Final Exam Study Guide

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5th Grade Mid-Term Study Guide
Nouns (pgs. 64-65; extra practice pg. 89)
l. A noun is a word that names a ______person_________, a____place________, or
_____thing___________.
2. Nouns can be two or more words.
3. Nouns can also name feeling, thoughts, and ideas.
Examples: excitement knowledge anger
Practice: (Circle the nouns) The picnic at the farm of our grandparents is in Kansas.
Common and Proper Nouns (pgs. 66-67; extra practice pg. 90)
l. A_____common________noun names any person, place, or thing.
2. A ______proper______ noun names a specific or certain person, place, or thing.
3. Begin each important word in a proper noun with a capital letter.
Practice: (Circle proper nouns; underline common) Maria is an excellent
ballerina(common).
Singular and Plural Nouns (pgs. 70-71; extra practice pg.91)
l. A_____singular___________noun names one person, place, or thing.
2. A____plural___________ noun names more than one person, place, or thing.
3. Form the plural of most nouns by adding –s or –es.
More Plural Nouns (pgs. 72-73; extra practice pg. 92)
l. For nouns that end in ch, sh, x, or s you add –es
Examples: church-____churches__ bush-___bushes_ box-__boxes_ dress-__dresses_
2. For nouns ending in –y and a vowel before the –y, just add –s
Examples: monkey-___monkeys_____ toy-___toys_______
3. For nouns ending in –y and a consonant before the –y, change the –y to an –i and add
-es
Example: butterfly-__butterflies________
4. For nouns that end in –f or –fe, change the f to v and add –es
Examples: life-_____lives______ calf_____calves______
5. For nouns that end with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u) and o, add –s.
Examples: radio___radios_________ studio_____studios_______
6. For nouns that end with a consonant and o, sometimes you add –s and sometimes you
add –es
Examples: piano____pianos_____ tomato____tomatoes_____
7. Some nouns change their spelling completely.
Examples: foot____feet______ woman____women_____
8. Some nouns do not change at all.
Examples: deer____deer______
sheep____sheep______
Singular Possessive Nouns (pgs. 74-75; extra practice pg. 93)
l. A singular possessive noun shows that one person, place, or thing has or owns
something.
2. To show possession, add an apostrophe (‘) and –s to a singular noun (‘s).
Practice: the hat of the chef_____chef’s hat___________________
the roar of the lion_____lion’s roar__________________
Plural Possessive Nouns (pgs. 76-77; extra practice pg. 94)
l. A plural possessive noun shows that more than one person, place, or thing own
something.
2. If a plural noun ends in –s, add only an apostrophe after the –s (s’).
Example: the books belonging to the students—the students’ books
3. If a plural noun does not end in –s, add an apostrophe (‘) and an –s (‘s)
Example: the books belonging to the children—the children’s books
Practice: the medals of the swimmers ______swimmers’ medals___________
the sports of the women______women’s sports________________
Action Verbs (pgs. 96-97; extra practice pg. 136)
l. Words that show action or show what something is doing are called action verbs.
Practice: I sent her a letter.
The frog hopped into the creek.
___sent_________
____hopped_____
Direct Objects (pgs; 98-99; extra practice pg. 137)
l. A word that receives the action of a verb is called a direct object.
2. Direct objects are either nouns or pronouns, they are found after the verb, and they
answer the question what? or who?
3. First find the action verb and then ask what? or who? to find the direct object.
Practice: Gwen carried the sails onto the boat._____sails________
I gathered small fish for bait.
_____fish________
Main and Helping Verbs (pgs. 100-101; extra practice pg. 138)
l. Sometimes a verb may have two parts.
2. The ____main_______verb_______ names the action of the sentence.
3. The ____helping_____verb___ does not show action and comes before the main verb.
4. Together the main verb and helping verb form a verb phrase.
5. Common helping verbs are:
am are were shall has is was will have had
Practice: Ryan is choosing a book.
Our best teams were defeated.
Linking Verbs (pgs. 102-103; extra practice pg. 139)
l. Linking verbs do not show what something does. Instead, they show what something is.
2. Linking verbs join the subject to a describing or naming word in the predicate.
3. Common linking verbs are;
am is are was were will be
Practice: My school is brick.
Dinosaurs are extinct.
Tenses of Verbs (pgs. 104-109; extra practice pgs. 140-142)
l. Present tense verbs show action that is happening now.
2. Past tense verbs show action that has already happened.
3. Future tense verbs show action that will happen in the future.
Practice: She___stayed__________in the classroom. (stay) past tense
Pat ____pays_________ the bill. (pay) present tense
We____will read________ a good book next month. (read) future tense
Adjectives (pgs. 152-153; extra practice pg. 174)
l. An____adjective____________is a word that describes a noun or a pronoun.
2. Adjectives can tell what kind.
Ex. Hot, red, angry
3. Adjectives can also tell how many.
4. When two or more adjectives are next to each other, you should usually use a comma to
separate them.
Ex. Large, colorful parrots screeched.
Practice: Male lions have thick manes
They look proud and fierce.
Articles and Demonstratives (pgs. 156-157; extra practice pg. 175)
l. A, an, and the are special adjectives called ______articles______________.
2. A and an refer to any person, place, or thing. Use a before a singular noun starting with
a consonant. Use an before a singular noun starting with a vowel.
Ex. a jet
a step
an engine
an hour
3. The refers to a specific person, place, or thing.
4. This, that, these, and those are____demonstrative___adjectives. They tell which one.
Practice: I am having (a, an ) good visit in Boston.
We are riding in one of (the, a) swan boats.
Please hand me (that, those) mystery books.
I will remember (this, those) day for a long time.
Comparing with Adjectives (pgs. 158-159; extra practice pg. 176)
l. Add –er to most adjectives to compare two nouns.
2. Add –est to most adjectives to compare more than two nouns.
3. Use more and most with adjectives that are longer (2 or more syllables).
Practice: The first star is _____brighter_________than the second one. (bright)
He is the ____tallest_________of them all. (tall)
I am _______more comfortable___________in my bed than on the couch.
(comfortable)
Comparing with good and bad (pgs. 160-161; extra practice pg. 171)
l. Good and bad have special forms when comparing two or more things.
2. Memorize these forms for good:
- when comparing two nouns use___better_____________
- when comparing more than two nouns use____best______________
3. Memorize these forms for bad:
- when comparing two nouns use_____worse_____________
- when comparing more than two nouns use___worst_____________
Practice: It is ___better____________than the Oak School band. (good)
We are the ____best_____________out of them all. (good)
I am the ___worst_________marcher of them all. (bad)
The trumpet sounds____worse________than the flute. (bad)
Proper Adjectives (pgs. 162-163; extra practice pg. 178)
l. A proper adjective is formed from a proper noun.
2. A proper adjective is always capitalized.
Ex. Italy____Italian___________
Mexico____Mexican___________
3. If the proper adjective is two words, capitalize both words.
Practice: Paris is the _____French_____________capital. (France)
Bern is the _____Swiss_____________capital. (Switzerland)
Figurative Language
l. Simile- a comparison of two unlike things using like or as
Ex. The calm girl is as cool as a cucumber.
2. Metaphor- a comparison of two unlike things not using like or as
Ex. Sally is a skyscraper.
3. Personification- giving human qualities to something not human
Ex. The sun smiled down on the town.
4. Alliteration- the same sound at the beginning of every word.
Ex. Sally seems to sit somewhere separate from Sonia.