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BAKERSFIELD COLLEGE LICENSED VOCATIONAL NURSING PROGRAM 1ST SEMESTER FUNDAMENTALS PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS IN NURSING PRACTICE CHAPTER 24 - COMMUNICATION INTRODUCTION Effective communication skills are essential if a nurse expects to provide a high caliber of client care. By using communication skills appropriately, a nurse can establish a therapeutic relationship with a client that will assist that individual to acquire healthy behaviors. Not only must the nurse be able to convey messages accurately, he/she must be able to understand the client’s message. OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this unit, the student will be able to: A. Theory 1. Define therapeutic communication. 2. Identify characteristics of verbal and nonverbal communication. 3. Describe the nurse-client relationship. 4. Identify factors that influence communication. 5. Define the phases of a therapeutic helping relationship. 6. Give examples of helpful characteristics of therapeutic communication. 7. State what is the most important part of communication. 8. List and define non-helpful blocks to communication. 9. Define territoriality. 10. Describe skills that facilitate active listening. 11. Describe the difference between sympathy and empathy. B. Laboratory 1. Interview the client you are assigned to care for. ASSIGNMENT A. B. Read Chapter 24 - Potter & Perry – Critical Thinking Exercise #3 and Review Questions & Study Guide for Chapter 24 Conduct a 5 minute observation or two people practicing therapeutic communication and evaluate their effort. Chapter 24 Communication Communication and Nursing Practice A lifelong learning process for nurses An essential attribute of professional nursing practice Builds relationships with clients, families, and multidisciplinary team members Communication and Interpersonal Relationships The means to establish helping and healing relationships. The ability to relate to others is important for interpersonal communication. Developing communication skills requires both an understanding of the communication process and of one’s own communication experience. Levels of Communication Basic Elements of the Communication Process Forms of Communication Verbal Vocabulary Denotative and connotative meaning Pacing Intonation Clarity and brevity Timing and relevance Nonverbal Communication Personal appearance Posture and gait Facial expressions Eye contact Gestures Sounds Territoriality and personal space Professional Nursing Relationships Nurse-client helping relationships Nurse-family relationships Nurse-health team relationships Nurse-community relationships Elements of Professional Communication Communication Within the Nursing Process Assessment Physical and emotional factors Developmental factors Sociocultural factors Gender Communication and Nursing Process Diagnosis Many clients experience difficulty with communication • Lacking skills in attending, listening, responding, or self- expression • Inability to articulate, inappropriate verbalization • Difficulty forming words • Difficulty with comprehension Communication and Nursing Process Planning: Goals and outcomes: • Specific and measurable Setting of priorities Continuity of care: • Collaboration with other health care providers Communication and Nursing Process Implementation: Therapeutic communication techniques Nontherapeutic communication techniques Adapting communication techniques Communication and Nursing Process Evaluation: Nurses and clients need to determine whether the plan of care has been successful. Nursing interventions are evaluated to determine which strategies or interventions were effective. If expected outcomes are not met, the plan of care needs to be modified.