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Unit 6 Crises and Achievements (1900 – 1945) Section 1: Scientific & Technological Achievements Key Terms. Describe: 1. Germ Theory 2. Antibiotic 3. Dynamo 4. Radioactivity Describe how each of the individuals listed below improved medical care: 1. Louis Pasteur 2. Robert Koch 3. Joseph Lister How did the reforms of the late 1800’s and early 1900’s affect the average quality of people’s lives? Describe an effect on daily life of each of these inventions: 1. Electricity 2. Telephone 3. Radio 4. Automobile Why was there an increase in the population in the late 1800’s? Describe how each of the individuals listed below changed scientific thought: 1. Marie Curie 2. Albert Einstein 3. Sigmund Freud Section 2: World War I Key Terms. Describe: 1. Militarism 2. Bosnia 3. Total War 4. Propaganda 5. Trench Warfare 6. Neutral 7. Armistice 8. Reparations Using the list below, describe how each concept helped cause World War I: 1. Nationalism 2. Militarism 3. Imperialism 4. Alliance systems 5. Decline of the Ottoman empire What was the Balkan crisis and how did it lead to the start of World War I? Who were the Central Powers? Who were the Allied Powers? Name two new war technologies and describe how it changed warfare? 1. 2. Why did the United States enter World War I and why is the entry of the United States a turning point? Describe 3 major effects the war had from a human and economic perspective: 1. 2. 3. Section 3: Revolution in Russia: Causes & Impacts Key Terms. Describe: 1. Soviet 2. Bolshevik 3. New Economic Policy 4. Totalitarian State 5. Command Economy 6. Five – year plan 7. Collective Describe how each of the factors listed below is considered a long-term cause of the Revolution: 1. Czarist Rule 2. Peasant unrest 3. Problems of Urban Workers 4. Diversity & Nationalism Describe the events of the Revolution of 1905? Discuss how each of the events lists below ended the Czarist rule and contributed to the Revolution: 1. A Nation in Chaos 2. The March Revolution 3. Failure of the Provisional Government Who was Vladimir Lenin and describe his role in the Russian Revolution? For each policy listed, describe how Lenin ruled Russia: Withdrawal from World War I Russia’s Civil War One – Party Government New Economic Policy The Soviet Union Who was Joseph Stalin and what type of government did he establish in Russia? Describe five specific ways in which Stalin failed to respect the human rights of Russians and minority national groups in the Soviet Union: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Describe Stalin’s economic system for each policy listed below: 1. Industrialization 2. Collectivization 3. Forced Famine What were two goals or practices that Lenin and Stalin held in common? 1. 2. How did Stalin’s chief goal differ from Lenin’s? Section 4: Between the Wars Key Terms. Describe: 1. Treaty of Versailles 2. Mandate 3. Civil disobedience 4. Fascism Describe how each punishment listed below effected Germany: 1. Territorial Losses 2. Military Restrictions 3. War Guilt What was the League of Nations and why was it weak? Describe the collapse of the following empires: 1. Breakup of Austria – Hungary: 2. Breakup of the Ottoman Empire: Describe 3 unfulfilled national goals that resulted from World War I: 1. 2. 3. For each movement listed below, describe how each region struggled for self – determination: 1. Turkish Nationalism 2. Iranian Nationalism 3. Arab Nationalism 4. Zionism 5. Indian Nationalism 6. Chinese Nationalism Describe who each of the following individuals are and what role did they play in the independence movements of their nations: 1. Kemal Ataturk 2. Mohandas Gandhi Describe the women’s suffrage movement? Describe how each caused the worldwide economic depression: Less Demand for Raw Materials Overproduction of Manufactured Goods The Stock Market Crash How did war and economic depression lead to the rise of fascism? Describe how each of the individuals listed below used fascism to gain control and rule their nations: 1. Benito Mussolini 2. Adolf Hitler What economic problems led to the rise of militarism in Japan? Section 5: World War II Key Terms. Describe: 1. Appeasement 2. Pearl Harbor 3. Blitz 4. Genocide 5. Concentration camp How did each event help cause World War II: Japan Invades China Italy Attacks Ethiopia German Aggression in Europe Appeasement Describe who were the two sides when World War II began? 1. 2. Describe the importance of each of the following turning points of the war: 1. Entry of the United States 2. Battle of Stalingrad (1942 – 1943) 3. El Alamien (1942) 4. Invasion of Italy (1943) 5. Invasion of Normandy (D-Day, 1944) Describe how each event listed below contributed to the end of World War II: 1. Yalta Conference 2. Victory in the Pacific 3. Hiroshima and Nagasaki How did civilians contribute to the war effort? What was the Holocaust? Describe how Hitler and Nazi treatment of Jewish people became increasingly more horrible as World War II progressed? Describe each of the following impacts of World War II: Human Losses Economic Losses War Crime Trials Occupied Nations The United Nations Literature & the Arts