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World History 2011-12 7. Russian Revolution and Rise of Totalitarianism Essential Content: World History 10.6 & 10.7 Textbook: Chapters 14.1 & 2, 15.1-3. Long-term social and political unrest in Russia exploded in revolution. The postwar period was one of loss, uncertainty, and economic upheaval; but also one of invention, creativity and new ideas. In response to political, social and economic crisis a few countries turned to totalitarian dictators. Learning Targets – Basic, essential information 7.1. The Russian Revolution began as a result of oppressive rule, social inequalities, and ruthless treatment of peasants. Czar Nicholas II continued the czarist firm rule, but began a program to build Russian Industries. 7.2. Although there was industrial progress in Russia, working conditions and exploited workers looked toward revolutionary movements. 7.3. Between 1904 and 1917, the Czar and Russia faced a series of crises that revealed the czar’s weakness and paved the way for revolution. 7.4. After returning from exile, Lenin and the Bolsheviks gained control of Russia and began to rebuild a new nation. 7.5. After the death of Lenin, Joseph Stalin seized control and transformed the Soviet Union into a totalitarian state. 7.6. Up to WWI, society believed the Enlightenment ideals that progress should continue and reason would prevail. The horrors of WWI changed the way people viewed the world through literature, art and intellectual life. 7.7. Also, the horrors of WWI lead to disillusionment in the arts. 7.8. WWI impacted the politics and economies of nations in Europe and in America. 7.9. The economic crisis of the Great Depression led to the loss of democracy in some countries. In Germany, people turned to strong ruler, Adolf Hitler, to try to solve their economic problems. 7.10. Social unrest and disappointment in the Treaty of Versailles led to the rise of Mussolini and Fascism in Italy. 7.11. Dictators took control of other European countries; only in nations with strong democratic traditions (Britain, France, and the Scandinavian countries) did democracy survive. 7.12. Fascism/Nazism and Communism are two different totalitarian political systems with some common characteristics. Additional Basic autocracy Trans-Siberian Railway Proficient secret police Pogroms Karl Marx Bolsheviks Vladimir Lenin Russo-Japanese War WWI Bloody Sunday March Revolution Soviet Union (USSR) Communism Alexander Kerensky Leon Trotsky Totalitarianism Advanced censorship codes exile Mensheviks Soviets Duma Provisional government Rasputin Albert Einstein and the theory of relativity Sigmund Freud and his theories about the unconscious. Entertainment and fashion (jazz, the bob, flappers, and automobiles) Airplanes and Charles Lindbergh Coalition government Weimar Republic der Fuhrer Fascism Mein Kamph “Peace, Land, and Bread” Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Five Year Plan Collective farms Kulaks Great purge Gertrude Stein ”the Lost Generation” Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald (Expatriates) Pablo Picasso and Cubism Dada movement Surrealism Great Depression FDR and the New Deal National Socialist German Workers’ Party - Nazi Anti-Semitism Red Army v. White Army New Economic Policy (NEP) Command economy Indoctrination Socialist realism Police State Friedrich Nietzche and existentialism Il Duce King Emmanuel III Architect Frank Lloyd Wright and functionalism Global Depression Lebensraum Third Reich Kristallnacht Rome-Berlin Axis Czechoslovakia Study chart on page 437(old book) DPETS: Dates, People, Events, Terms, and Statistics that must be in Cornell Notes. Basic, Proficient, and Advanced DPETS make EXEMPLARY Cornell Notes! Exemplary: excellent and used as an example to follow. Skill set: Constructed response (S-26)/Short answer. Enrichment: movie Test: ________________ literature art