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1. Which of these facts is the best supporting evidence that the universe is expanding? (2 points) A. The stars vary in chemical composition. B. The galaxies are moving away from each other. C. The galaxies can spin to form eddies. D. The universe is filled with galaxies of different sizes. 2. Which layer of the sun is seen during a total solar eclipse? (2 points) A. chromosphere B. photosphere C. core D. corona 3. According to the H & R diagram, what type of star has a temperature of 10,000 C and a medium to high luminosity? (2 points) A. white dwarf B. main sequence C. giant D. supergiant 4. The color of a star is an indicator of its -. (2 points) A. magnitude B. mass C. size D. surface temperature 5. At what position would Earth be found in the solar system diagram shown? (2 points) A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 6. The visible surface of the sun is the -. (2 points) A. photosphere B. corona C. core D. flare 7. According to the diagram, which of the following would be the luminosity of a dwarf star? (2 points) A. high B. medium C. low D. super ultra low 8. The sun emits energy by converting hydrogen into helium. What is this process called? (2 points) A. Fusion B. Fission C. Sunspot formation D. Solar Wind 9. Our galaxy is called the -. (2 points) A. Twix B. Reese Cup C. Mars D. Milky Way 10. What is the diagram called on which the magnitude of stars is plotted against their temperature? (2 points) A. Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram B. Sunspot Cycle Diagram C. Life Cycle Diagram D. Solar Flare Diagram 11. An "explosion" on the star that arcs its gases back onto the sun's surface is called a -. (2 points) A. solar flare B. solar prominence C. sunspot D. chromosphere 12. A light-year measures - (2 points) A. brightness B. distance C. radiation D. time 13. The layer of the sun with a red color is the -. (2 points) A. core B. photosphere C. chromosphere D. corona 14. According to the diagram, what type of star has a temperature of 4,000 C and has a high luminosity? (2 points) A. white dwarf B. main sequence C. giant D. supergiant 15. During nuclear fusion, what element is changed into helium? A. Oxygen B. Carbon C. Hydrogen D. Nitrogen 16. What is the first stage in the life cycle of a star? (2 points) A. black hole B. dwarf star C. main sequence star D. stellar nebula 17. If a star is moving away from Earth it is said to have ___ shift. A. blue B. yellow C. red D. orange 18. The shape of our galaxy is -. (2 points) A. spiral B. elliptical C. globular D. irregular 19. ___ are stars that form patterns. (2 points) A. galaxies B. constellations C. spectra D. clusters 20. According to the diagram, which of the following would be the surface temperature for a supergiant star? (2 points) A. 3000 C B. 7000 C C. 10000 C D. 25000 C 21. What theory states that our universe formed from a large explosion of matter? (2 points) A. Moon Formation Theory B. Big Bang Theory C. Impact Theory D. Implosion Theory 22. The most common star (where most fall on the HR diagram) is a -. A. Dwarf B. Giant C. Supergiant D. Main Sequence 23. The brightest and hottest stars are what color? (2 points) A. blue B. orange C. yellow D. red 24. A cloud of gas and dust from which stars are "born" is a A. nebula B. nova C. spectrum D. radiation 25. Gas and dust in interstellar nebulae can form - (2 points) A. stars B. comets C. meteors D. asteroids 26. Our distance from the sun is about 93 million miles, or 1 -. A. parsec B. astronomical unit C. light year D. kilometer 27. According to the diagram, what temperature are main sequence stars? A. 3000 C B. 6000 C C. 25000 C D. all of the above 28. The distance that light travels in 1 year is called a -. (2 points) A. parsec B. astronomical unit C. light year D. kilometer 29. The ending stage of a massive star is the -. (2 points) A. protostar B. nebula C. supernova D. main sequence 30. The beginning stage of a star's life is the -. (2 points) A. nebula B. main sequence C. nova D. black hole high medium low super ultra low 1 2 3 4