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Name _____________________________________________________ Class____________ Date ________________ Lab: Geology and Plate Tectonics Please follow this page carefully. Most of the links are on this page. Sometimes you will use those on the web site. The links are in blue and underlined. Many answers are in the captions next to the diagrams or activity. You will be graded on complete answers and effort. You do not have permission to visit other web sites during this lab. No music. No headphones. 1. Click: http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es3005/es3005page01.cfm Play this graphic. Use the next button to figure out when India makes contact with The Eurasian continent._________________. Is it likely that we (in Connecticut) would find fossils of animal, plants that also lived in Africa? _______________ Explain your answer.________________________________________________ 2. http://www.platetectonics.com/book/page_2.asp Earth's outer ____________________________________, long thought to be a continuous, unbroken, crust is actually a fluid mosaic of ___________________________________________, or plates. Comprised primarily of cool, solid rock 4 to 40 miles thick,* ___________________________________________ vary in size and shape, and have definite borders that cut through continents and oceans alike. *[Oceanic crust is ___________________________________________________________________________ or terrestrial crust]. 3. Click: http://www.platetectonics.com/book/page_4.asp Look in the second paragraph and briefly explain how the plates move. ___________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ What have you done this year that was similar to a convection current? Hint: Something is less dense and is pushed up, then cools and drops. ________________________________________________ 4. http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/convection.htm Watch this animation and describe how convection currents push plates apart and pull plates together. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ In the diagram below, identify the plates, mantle, core, the convection currents, where the plates are coming together, where the plates are moving apart. 5. http://ology.amnh.org/earth/plates/tour.html Mountains form, earthquakes and volcanoes occur along ___________________________________________. Click EXPLORE. Now click on San Francisco located in California. What two plates meet at San Francisco? _____________________________________________________. Draw below the two plates and show how they move with arrows. Click on STATS. When was the earthquake in San Francisco? __________________ How big was the earthquake? _________________________ Now click BACK TO MAP. Now place the mouse on Chile, Peru. Describe what happened here before you click. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ What three plates were involved with this event? __________________________________________________ Describe how an earthquake and a volcanic eruption occurred? _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Now click BACK TO MAP. Now find the spot to the north of India. Before you click, what is happening here? _______________________________________________________________________________________ Click and explain how the mountain is growing. _______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Click on STORY and find out how much it is growing each year? ________________ Draw the two plates involved below and show the direction they are moving: 6. Click:http://www.platetectonics.com/book/page_6.asp Scientists hypothesize that 450 million years ago North and South America were _____________ miles apart. 250 million years later the continents were ________________________________________________________________ 7. Click NEXT (on screen) What will happen 200 million years from now? _________________________________________________________ 8. Click: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/shockwave.html Move your mouse to create a “divergent boundary”. Drag your mouse to create the boundary. Explain the divergent boundary briefly. _________________________________________________________________________ Move your mouse to create a Convergent boundary. Briefly explain what is occurring _______________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now move your mouse to create a “collisional boundary” which is a type of convergent boundary. In this collisional boundary, two plates __________________. (when two things smash into each other). 9. Click: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/crush.html When two land masses meet neither _________________________________________________ instead _______ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Click : http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1105/es1105page01.cfm?chapt er_no=11 Hit F 11 for a Full View. Play it through then use the NEXT button to go slowly through the sequence. The Himalayas formed when the tectonic plate carrying India slammed into the tectonic plate carrying Europe and Asia. The two plates are the __________________ plate and the ____________________ plate. Describe what is happening in this sequence___________________________________________________ The reason the plates collided (and not subducted) and built mountains, is because the two plates are continental plates and have the same ________________________ (rhymes with propensity). Early in this sequence however, there is some magma production at a subduction boundary! Why was this occurring?__________________ 11. http://vathena.arc.nasa.gov/curric/land/tectplts.html Look at this map and explain why the Himalayas are still growing about 1 inch each year. ____________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/everest/earth/shock.html This is another view of the birth of the Himalayas. At 60 million years what happens to the earth’s crust? ______________________________________________ 13. Click on “20 million years”. Would you expect to find fossils of sea life in the Himalaya Mountains? ___________Explain why or why not ______________________________________________________________ 14. Click “Today”. What is the speed of the India Plate? ____________________________________________ 15. http://discoverourearth.org/tools/tectonics/tectonics.swf Directions: Turn “Pangea ON” and then try to get the continents into their position. Explain how you did it _________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. click: http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es0602/es0602page02.cfm This animation shows a cycle called the _______________________________________________. Go through each step of the animation and list each of the 7 steps of this cycle. 1____________________________________ 2____________________________________ 3____________________________________ 4_____________________________________ 5____________________________________ 6____________________________________ 7_____________________________________ Describe in your own words what takes place in the “Rock Cycle” _____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Click: http://sio.ucsd.edu/marianas/science/index.cfm The western edge of the Pacific tectonic plate is one of the world's oldest sections of oceanic crust. It disappears underneath the Philippine plate sometimes at such sharp angles that it is almost going straight down. The subduction zone there, creates the deepest point on Earth's surface, the 7-mile-deep_________________________. 18. http://www.extremescience.com/PlateTectonicsmap.htm Find the Marianas Trench on this map. (Western boundary of Pacific Plate where meets the Phillipine Plate) What continents is the Marianas Trench closest to? ____________________________________________________ 19. Click: http://sio.ucsd.edu/marianas/science/index.cfm What is the name of the volcanic islands associated with this subduction zone________________________________ 20. Click: http://sio.ucsd.edu/marianas/science/tectonics.cfm The seafloor mountains that circle Earth are called the ______________________________ Magma is pushing up from Earth's interior all along this ridge and creating new _____________. The same forces that pull the plates apart also allow magma from Earth's interior to come up along the ridges and create new crust. Areas where new crust is created and plates are forced apart are called ____________________________ When scientists first discovered that new crust was being created continuously, they wondered if Earth were __________________________. Using mathematical models of Earth and sophisticated measuring tools scientists confirmed that it was ____________ If this much new land has been created and Earth is no larger now than it was 200 million years ago, where is all the extra going? The answer is __________________________________________________. Do your best to explain how it is recycled ______________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 21. Click: http://discoverourearth.org/tools/earthquakes/main_content.html Click on Connecticut and list earthquakes that have occurred here. Draw a map of Connecticut below and indicate the fault lines that occur through the state. 22. http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es1101/es1101page03.cfm Use the tools on the left of the screen. Follow the instructions. What is the length and width of the Appalachian Mountain Belt. Length____________________ Width ________________________ 23. Click : http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es1101/es1101page04.cfm What are some things associated with Ancient Mountain Belts?___________________________________________ What are some things associated with Active Mountain Belts?______________________________________________ http://discoverourearth.org/tools/tectonics/continental_puzzle.html http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/seafloorspread.htm sea spread http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/convection.htm convection http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/plates1.htm good plates http://ology.amnh.org/earth/plates/tour.html ++ http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es0602/es0602page02.cfm ++ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/shockwave.html mountain shaker http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/tectonics/shockwave.html http://www2.wwnorton.com/college/geo/egeo/flash/2_1.swf good map w movable continents fit later will play with http://www2.wwnorton.com/college/geo/egeo/flash/2_5.swf