Download Titan Tutoring for Biology

Titan Tutoring for Biology
1. All living things:
a. are made of cells
b. maintain homeostasis
c. require/use energy
d. respond to stimuli
e. reproduce
f. grow and develop
2. What is a hypothesis?
A testable explanation for a problem
3. Why is a control group necessary?
The standard for comparison
4. What is the difference between a
dependent and an independent variable?
Dependent variable changes as a result of
the independent variable.
Independent variable can be changed by
the experimenter.
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Consider the Food Chain Below
Grass  Grasshopper  Cardinal Snake  Hawk
Decomposer
5. How much energy does each
organism get if the Grass has
1000 units of energy?
Grasshopper 100 units
Cardinal 10 units
Snake 1 unit
Hawk 0.1 units
6. Which organism is an
Herbivore in this food chain? What is
another name for this herbivore?
Grasshopper
1st order consumer or Primary
Consumer
7. Which organism is the producer in this
food chain? What is another name for a
producer?
Grass
Autotroph
8. Which organism is a 3rd
order consumer?
Snake
9. Why is the role of the
decomposer important?
To break down materials so they can be
recycled in the ecosystem
10. What is a symbiotic
relationship?
A relationship between members of two
species that interact closely with each
other
11. What is parasitism? Give an
example.
A relationship in which one organism
benefits (parasite) and the other (host)
is harmed
Ex. A tick on a dog
12. What is commensalism? Give
an example.
A relationship in which one organism
benefits and other is not harmed or
benefited
Ex. A squirrel living in a natural hole in
a tree
13. What is mutualism? Give an
example.
A relationship in which both organisms
benefit
Ex. Lichen
14. What is a habitat?
The physical location where an
organism lives
15. What is a niche?
The role an organism has in its
environment
16. Levels of Ecological Organization
(from most inclusive to
least inclusive)
a. Biosphere
b. Ecosystem- (biotic AND Abiotic)
c. Community
d. Population
e. Organism
17. What is exponential growth?
Exponential growth describes a
population that increases rapidly after
only a few generations.
Birth rate and death rate are constant
when exponential growth is occurring.
Draw the graph of this type of growth.
18. What is carrying capacity?
The number of individuals of a species
that an ecosystem can support
19. What is logistic growth?
Logistic growth describes a population
that grows rapidly until it reaches
carrying capacity.
Draw the graph of this type of growth.
20. What determines if a population’s growth
will slow down?
Limiting factors
21. Give examples of limiting factors.
Food
Water
Living Space Forest Fire
Flooding
Disease
22. What 2 major life processes are involved
in the carbon cycle?
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
23. Which processes release carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere?
Cellular Respiration
Decomposition
Burning of fossil fuels
24. Which process removes carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere?
Photosynthesis
25. What causes global warming?
Human activities such as combustion of
fossil fuels and deforestation have
increased Carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere which contributed to the
greenhouse effect
28. Acid pH below 7, base pH above 7,
7=neutral
31. What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids
32. What is the function of an enzyme?
An enzyme lowers the activation energy
of a chemical reaction allowing it to
occur more efficiently.
33. What are characteristics of enzymes?
a. Enzymes are proteins.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Enzymes are specific.
Enzymes are reusable.
Enzymes are not changed
or consumed in the chemical reaction
that they catalyze.
Enzymes typically end in
-ase.
f. Enzymes are affected by
temperature and pH.
34. What are the monomers of
carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
35. What is the most important
monosaccharide?
Glucose
36. What are the monomers of lipids?
Fatty acids and glycerol= Triglyceride
37. What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
38. What are two examples of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
39. What is a prokaryotic cell?
It is a cell that does not have a nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles.
Bacteria are the only prokaryotes.
40. What is a eukaryotic cell?
It is a cell that has a nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles.
Animals, plants, protists and fungi are
all eukaryotes.
41. What structure is selectively permeable,
and what does that mean?
The cell membrane (plasma membrane)
is selectively permeable.
Selectively permeable means that some
molecules can pass through and other
molecules cannot.
42. Draw a picture of a phospholipid and
label its parts.
43. What is the function of the following
organelles?
a. Nucleus-contains DNA and
directs all cell activities in eukaryotic
cells
b. Mitochondrion-site of
cellular respiration; where ATP
(cellular energy) is produced
c. Cell Wall-provides
support in plant, bacterial and
fungal cells; contains cellulose; IS
NOT found in animal cells
d. Vacuoles-sacs that contain
water, enzymes, wastes,
etc.; larger in plant cells than
animals
e. Chloroplasts-contain
chlorophyll for photosynthesis;
ONLY in plant cells
f. Ribosomes-site of protein
synthesis
44. What are the differences between plant
cells and animal cells?
a. Plant cells have a cell wall.
Animal cells do not.
b. Plant cells have
chloroplasts. Animal cells do not.
c.
Plant cells do not have
centrioles. Animal cells do.
d. Plant cells have large
vacuoles for storing water. Animal
cells have only a few small vacuoles.
e. Plant cells have a square
to rectangular shape. Animal cells
have a circular shape.
f. Both plant and animal cells
are eukaryotic.