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Mitosis & Cell Division Mitosis - The division of the nucleus that results in identical complete copies of chromosomes packaged into two new nuclei Cytokinesis - The division of the cytoplasm that results in two daughter cells Why do Cells Divide? Growth Reproduction (in single celled organisms) Repair Some Cells never divide, others divide frequently. The Cell Cycle Mitosis Interphase (technically not part of mitosis, but it is included in the cell cycle) Cell is in a resting phase, performing cell functions DNA replicates (copies) Organelles double in number, to prepare for division Ssynthesis (copy DNA) G2 Second growth Prophase Prometaphase Spindle forms Microtubules of spindle attach to kinetochore on chromosomes Centrioles move to opposite poles Chromosomes become visible Nuclear membrane breaks down in prometaphase G1 - First growth Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Chromosomes line up along the equator Centromeres divide Nuclear membrane forms around each group of chromosomes Chromatids separate and move to opposite poles Chromosomes unwind Cytokinesis begins - cell pinches inward and forms two daughter cells. Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells. These two daughter cells contain the exact same number of chromosomes as the original parent cell. Daughter cells are DIPLOID