Download What`s Grammar

MAGIC LENS NOTES
PARTS OF SPEECH – Level 1
1.
NOUN (person, place, thing, idea)
2.
PRONOUN (a word that takes the place of a noun)
3.
ADJECTIVE (a word that describes a noun or pronoun)
4.
VERB (a word that shows action, being, or links a word to its subject
complement)
5.
ADVERB (a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb)
6.
CONJUNCTION (a word that joins two words or two groups of words)
FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
7.
PREPOSITION (a word that shows the relationship between its object
and another word in the sentence)
8.
INTERJECTION (a word that shows emotion!)
PARTS OF SENTENCE -- Level 2
Subject -- the noun or pronoun that the sentence is about
The subject can be simple, complete, or compound.
Simple:
Complete:
Compound:
The black dog played.
The black dog played.
The black dog and cat played.
Predicate -- The verb and other words that tell what the subject does.
Simple:
Complete:
Compound:
The black dog played.
The black dog played in the grass.
The black dog played and rolled.
Direct Object (look for w/an action verb)
A noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb.
Joey throws the ball.
Because there is a Direct Object, the verb is transitive.
No Direct Object makes the verb intransitive. (Joey throws well.)
Indirect Object
A noun or pronoun that is located between the verb and the Direct Object
Joey throws me the ball.
Subject Complement (look for w/a linking verb)
A noun, pronoun, or adjective that is linked to the subject by a linking verb. It
essentially renames or describes the subject.
Joey is my P.E. student.
Predicate Nominative (if it's a noun)
Joey is smart.
Predicate Adjective (if it's an adjective)
PHRASES – Level 3
Definition: A group of words, without a subject and its predicate, that acts as a
single part of speech.
1) Prepositional:
begins w/a preposition and concludes with its object
with the dog
inside the house
2) Appositive Phrase:
An interrupting definition
Botticelli, the Renaissance painter, painted angels.
My friend Sam is an artist.
Folsom, California, is a growing city.
My dog was born on December 1, 2002.
3) Verbal Phrases:
A verb form used as a different part of speech
a) Gerund:
A noun made from a verb with an -ing ending
Thinking is fun.
I like playing hockey.
b) Participle: An adjective made out of a verb (ing, en, or ed endings)
The running water is cold.
The flying seagull landed on the water.
The exhausted boy fell down.
c) Infinitives (to + verb) can be:
Nouns:
To succeed is my goal.
My ambition is to teach children.
Adjectives:
The place to meet tomorrow is the library.
She is the one to call.
Adverbs:
Tamara claims she was born to surf.
This math problem will be hard to solve.
CLAUSES – Level 4
Clause = A group of words that contains a subject AND its predicate.
Independent Clause = A clause that is a complete thought.
(My dog is smart)
Dependent (or subordinate) Clause = A clause that is NOT a complete thought and needs to be
connected to an Independent Clause.
(Although my dog is smart,)
Coordinating conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) are NOT part of clauses;
subordinating conjunctions ARE.
Comma Rule:
D, I
ID
I; I
I, cc I
When you do, I will.
I will when you do.
I will; you will.
I will, and you will.