Download World History Chapter 4 Study Guide

Chapter 4 Study Guide
Section 1: The First Greek Civilizations
1. Describe how Greece’s geography influenced its history.
2. What civilization was established on the island of Crete?
3. Why was the Minoan civilization considered advanced? What was its center called?
4. Why did the Minoan civilization collapse according to most historians?
5. What were the main values of Mycenaen civilization?
6. What type of poetry did Homer write? Name two of his works.
7. What was the significance of Homer’s writings in ancient Greece?
8. List the troubles affecting Mycenaen civilization before its collapse.
9. Why was the Dark Age of Greece considered “dark?”
10. What were some significant development that nevertheless occurred during the Dark Age of Greece?
Section 2: The Greek City-States
1. Define polis.
2. What role did the acropolis play in the lives of city states?
3. What was the agora?
4. Describe the rights and responsibilities of people in the Greek city-states.
5. Who were the hoplites?
6. What was the phalanx?
7. What were the reasons behind Greek colonization of foreign lands?
8. Define tyranny as the ancient Greeks understood it.
9. What was the significance of tyranny in the development of Greek democracy?
10. How were the city-states of Sparta and Athens different? Similar?
Section 3: Classical Greece
1. When and where did the Athenian army defeat the Persians? What was its significance?
2. Who was Pheidippides? Who was Xerxes?
3. What was the Delian League and why was it formed?
4. What is meant by the phase “The Age of Pericles.”
5. What does the word ostracism mean?
6. Identify which Greek city-states struggled for power after the Great Peloponnesian War?
7. What area to the north grew in power and threatened the freedom of the Greeks?
Section 4: The Culture of Classical Greece
1. What was the role of religion in the lives of ancient Greeks?
2. What did they believe in?
3. What were rituals and festivities used for in ancient Greece?
4. What topics did Greek tragedies examine?
5. What was the philosopher Pythagoras’ view of the universe?
6. Who were the sophists?
7. What was Socrates’ view of education? What was his teaching method?
8. What three groups of people should make up the ideal state according to Plato?
9. What was Aristotle’s worldview?
10. Which government type did Aristotle think was the ideal one?
11. What was the role of the Parthenon?
12. Who was the greatest historian of the ancient world? What was his method?
Section 5: Alexander and the Hellenistic Kingdoms
1. What does the word Hellenistic mean?
2. Describe the defining characteristics of the Hellenistic Age.
3. Why did King Philip II take control of all of Greece?
4. What were the goals of Alexander the Great?
5. How far did Alexander’s empire extend?
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What was the legacy of Alexander the Great?
How did his worldview contribute to Alexander’s successes?
What happened to the empire after the death of Alexander?
What were three of the most important scientific developments of the Hellenistic Age?
How did the philosophers Epicurus and Zeno view happiness?
What is the name of Zeno’s philosophy?