Download Cell unit study guide and answers

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Who was Hooke?
What did Schleiden contribute to the cell theory?
What did Leeuwenhoek do?
What did Schwann contribute to the cell theory?
What did Virchow say about cells?
What do prokaryotes lack?
What do eukaryotes usually have?
List the three statements that describe the cell theory.
A.
B.
C.
9. What structure contains the genetic material & controls activities?
10. What is found inside the nucleus?
11. What does the Golgi apparatus do?
12. List the functions of the cytoskeleton. Name the parts in the
cytoskeleton that assist with these functions.
13. What is the main function of the cell wall?
14. What do lysosomes do?
15. _________ make proteins using coded instructions from the nucleus.
16. Name two organelles found in plant cells but not in animal cells.
17. What is the function of the cell membrane?
18. Complete the chart by Comparing/Contrasting Plant and Animal Cells.
Plant
Similarities
Animal
1.
Nucleus/Nucleolus
1.
2.
Cytoplasm
2.
3.
ER (Smooth/Rough) 3.
4.
Golgi
4.
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
19. Complete the chart by comparing/contrasting Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes.
Prokaryote
Similarities
Eukaryotes
Genetic material
1.
Cytoplasm
2.
Cell Membrane
3.
Ribosomes
4.
Flagella
Cell Transport
1. Within the cell membrane you will find pumps made of
______that can move materials form one side to the other.
2. Define diffusion.
3. What type of transport requires energy from the cell?
4. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane is called ___.
5. When the concentration of dissolved substances is lower
outside the cell than inside the cell it is _____.
6. When the concentration of the solute is the same on both
sides of the cell membrane ____________ is reached.
7. Cells shrivel when they are in this type of solution.
8. Cells might swell and rupture when in this type of solution.
9. “Same strength” means this type of solution.
10.
Water rushes out of the cell because the
concentration of dissolved substances is higher outside the
cell in this type of solution.
11. What is the difference between endocytosis and
exocytosis?
12.
Give examples of passive transport.
13.
What is the major difference between facilitated
diffusion and active transport?
14.
What is the difference between phagocytosis and
pinocytosis?
15.
(True/False) Equilibrium is reached when there is
continuous movement but no change.
Answers to study guide:
1. the 1st person to identify & see cells ( he was looking at cork
cells)
2. all plants are made of cells
3. he was a Dutch lens maker and saw tiny organisms in pond
water
4. Said all animals are made of cells
5. Said that cells come from existing cells
6. a nucleus
7. a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
8. all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units
of structure & function, new cells come from existing cells
9. nucleus
10.genetic material
11. attaches carbohydrates to proteins & moves them to their
final destination
12.helps a cell to keep its shape/involved in cell movement
microfilaments and microtubules
13.support & protect the cell
14.break down food particles (lipids, carbs, proteins) into
particles that could be used by the cell and can break down
other organelles that have outlived their usefulness
15.ribosomes
16.chloroplasts & cell walls
17.regulates materials that enter and leave the cell
18. Complete the chart
Plant
1. Cell Wall
3. Large Vacuole
4. Chloroplasts
5.
Similarities
Nucleus/Nucleolus
Cytoplasm
ER (Smooth/Rough)
Golgi
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Animal
2. Centrioles
2. Lysosomes
3. Flagella (some)
4. Many Small Vacuoles
Mitochondria
19. Complete the chart by comparing/contrasting Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes.
Prokaryote
Similarities
Eukaryotes
Simple Cell
Genetic material
Complex Cell
No membrane bound nucleus
Cytoplasm
.Membrane bound nucleus
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Some have cell walls/some do not
Ribosomes
Flagella
Cell Transport Answers
1. protein
2. movement of particles from high to low concentration
3. active transport
4. osmosis
5. hypotonic
6. equilibrium
7. hypertonic
8. hypotonic
9. isotonic
10.
hypertonic
11. endocytosis – cells take in substances [phagocytosis is when
cells take in large clumps]
exocytosis – cells move substances out
12.
facilitated diffusion, osmosis, diffusion
13.
active transport moves substances against the
concentration gradient (low concentration to high) and
requires energy from the cell
[facilitated diffusion is still diffusion in that the molecules are
moving from high to low concentration and is passive]
14.
Phagocytosis is the movement of food into the cell and
pinocytosis is the movement of water.
15.
true