Download Knowing that lipids

DO-NOW
 Make a prediction for whether you think the cooking oil and the
engine oil will mix together.
DO-NOW
 Knowing that lipids (oils) are non-polar, can you create a
hypothesis explaining why two oils will mix but water and oil are
not miscible?”
 Share your ideas with the person sitting next to you!
Water is polar and oil is non-polar and hydrophobic. Thus,
water cannot form intermolecular bonds with the oil but it
forms hydrogen bonds with itself forming a separation. Two
oils mixed together don’t form any bonds so they don’t need to
separate. Like dissolves like.
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIPIDS
 Non-polar/ Hydrophobic
 Made up of C,H and O.
 Monomers
Fatty Acids
Glycerol
 Polymers
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Sterols
Waxes
 Used in the body for protection,
insulation and energy storage.
FATTY ACIDS
 Monomer of Lipids
 Structure
Long chains of carbon
Backbone is up to 36 carbons
Carboxyl group at one end
Methyl group at the other
 Saturated vs. unsaturated
 Trans Fats
So what kinds of fatty acids are healthy to
eat?
TRIGLYCERIDES
Glycerol
Fatty Acid Chains
 3 fatty acids chains attached to a
glycerol molecule
 More commonly known as “fat”
 Used for long-term energy storage
and thermal insulation in the
body.
HOW CAN WE SHOW THE DEHYDRATION
SYNTHESIS REACTION FOR TRIGLYCERIDES?
DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS OF TRIGLYCERIDE
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
 1 Hydrophilic Phosphate Head
 2 Hydrophobic Fatty Acid Tails
 Why is there a kink in one of the
tails?
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
 Remember that all lipids are non-polar and hydrophobic in some aspect. If I tell
you that phospholipids make up the membrane of cells how can you justify this?
Why do you think this lipid is used?
STRUCTURE FOLLOWS FUNCTION!
 Why might the hydrophobic center of the bi-lipid
membrane be an issue?
WAXES
 Long-chain fatty acids linked to
long chain alcohols or carbon rings
 Firm consistency
 Repel water
STEROLS
 No fatty acids
 Rigid backbone of four
fused-together carbon
rings
CHOLESTEROL
 Most common type of sterol used in the body.
 Used to synthesize all other sterols
Vitamin D
Hormones
Steroids
 Is all cholesterol bad?
VITAMIN D
 Where do we get it?
 What does it do?
 What happens when we don’t get
enough?
HORMONES
 What do you know about
hormones?
 What do they do?
 Where do we make them?
STEROIDS
 What do you know about steroids?
 Are they all bad?
LIPIDS IN OUR DIET
 Omega 3/6 fatty acids
 Trans fats
 Cholesterol
SO IS IT OKAY TO EAT FATS?