Download CPUSH (Unit )

CPUSH (Unit 6, #4)
Name _______________________________
Date __________________ Pd _________
The Successes & Failures of Reconstruction
I. Reconstruction (1865-1877)
A. During the era of Reconstruction after the Civil War, the federal government attempted to:
1. Bring the ____________________________________ back into the Union
2. Offer ____________________ & ________________ to newly emancipated slaves
3. __________________________ the nation & improve the economy after 4 years of fighting
II. The Successes of Reconstruction
Placard A: Through Reconstruction, the national gov’t
achieved Lincoln’s original goal: “preserve the Union”
Placard B: Reconstruction led to the end of slavery &
protections for all citizens, including African-Americans
Placard C: Reconstruction was the “golden age” of voting
for African-Americans
Placard D: Reconstruction stressed education, family, &
opportunity
Placard E: Reconstruction brought economic changes to the South
III. Failures of Reconstruction
A. Sharecropping (Tenant Farming)
1. The Civil War ended slavery, but African-Americans had little ________________________ or money for farm land
2. The federal gov’t proposed seizing plantations, dividing land, & offering slave families “______________________”
a. But the gov’t _______________ enacted this plan (can’t take citizens’ property)
b. With few options, most ex-slaves returned to the ____________________________ to work
3. After the Civil War, slavery was replaced by _________________________________:
a. White land owners would “___________” parcels of their fields to blacks in exchange for ______ to ______ of the
cotton that they produced
b. But, former slaves had no _____________________ for tools or seeds so they gained loans from the land owner in
exchange for more of their cotton (___________________________________ system)
c. By the end of 1865, most ________________________ had returned to work on the same plantations on which
they were previously ____________________________
B. Listen to “Good Ole Rebel” & write down 3 words/phrases that describe Southern attitudes towards Reconstruction
1.
2.
3.
C. Southern whites resisted attempts at reconstruction by:
Placard 1: Passing laws that discriminated called
black codes
Placard 2: Using violence & intimidation to keep blacks
inferior to whites
Placard 3: The federal gov’t was unable to sustain
Reconstruction
Placard 4: Supporting the return of the Democratic Party
to state gov’ts
D. In 1877, Reconstruction ended:
1. The ___________________________________ returned to power in all 11 Southern states
2. The only thing protecting blacks were federal ___________; but by 1875, Grant had stopped sending reinforcements
3. The “Compromise of 1877”:
a. In the 1876 election, neither Democrat Tilden nor Republican _______________ won a majority of electoral vote
b. Democrats in Congress agreed to vote for Hayes if the remaining federal troops were _______________________
from the South
c. President Hayes removed federal troops & ended __________________________
d. Reconstruction officially __________________ in 1877
IV. With Reconstruction over, the Jim Crow era began (1877-1954)
A. _______________________ laws, such as literacy tests (_________________ requirements) & poll taxes (fees to vote)
kept African-Americans from voting
B. ________________________ clauses allowed poor ________________ to avoid these laws & vote
C. In Plessy v Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court said segregation was OK (“_________________________________”)