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Common Musculoskeletal Injuries Strains Muscle Cramps Strains Fractures Dislocations Name______________ Class _______________ The general treatment for most musculoskeletal injuries is: RICE RICE stands for: Treatment: RICE R = ____________________- stay off injured body part I = _____________________- maybe sling or wrap with ace bandage C = ____________________ - ice 20 minutes on / 20 minutes off E = ____________________ - raise injured part up to reduce swelling Tylenol can also assist in reducing pain and swelling. MUSCLE STRAIN: Overstretching of muscle or tendon. Back is often affected, from lifting heavy objects. Often affects large muscle groups. Symptoms: Intense pain, slight swelling, pain and difficulty moving body part. Treatment: _______________ injured part _______________ for first 24-48 hours, then moist heat. Stretching What is a tendon? Thick strands of tissue that attach muscle to _____________. MUSCLE CRAMP: Treatment: Muscle contracts suddenly, causing a muscle spasm, loss of movement and pain. Most often in legs, hands, and feet. (also known as Charlie Horse) Gentle massage with heel of hand Gentle stretching of muscles Can use _______ for 10 minutes. __________________________ __________________________ Prevention of Muscle Cramps: Stay well hydrated in hot humid weather or if doing lots of strenuous activity. Be sure your diet includes plenty of potassium (potassium promotes muscle function and growth). Good sources of potassium are found in: dairy products, meats, some fish, veggies - - especially sweet potatoes, broccoli, peas, and squash. SPRAIN: Occurs when ligaments near a joint are either torn or stretched. _________________________ are fibrous bands of tissue that prevent bones from popping out of the joint. Sprain may be caused by violent twisting of a joint is often a cause. Wrists, knees, and ankles are the most common. Symptoms: pain on movement, swelling, and discoloration. Treatment: _______________ FRACTURE: Broken bone Signs: Closed Fracture – deformity, crooked, swelling, discoloration, grating sound, loss of movement, severe pain. Sometimes Cracking or popping sound at time of injury. Treatment: RICE and Don’t try to __________ bones ( or put back in place) Immobilize the person. If transportation is necessary, _____________ joint above and below the injury so they can’t move it. Check circulation Seek medical attention Signs: Open Fracture: exposed bone, loss of movement, severe pain. Cracking sound at time of injury. Treatment for Open Fracture: RICE andStop the _________________________. Apply _________________ dressing around bone end. Don’t put ______________ pressure on the bones. Don’t try to push it back in. Treat for shock. Seek medical help! DISLOCATION: Separation of the bone from a joint. Happens frequently in contact sports like wrestling, football, soccer. Signs: deformity, pain and loss of function of joint. Treatment: RICE and Don’t try to _______________ the joint yourself or by someone untrained. ______________ and support joint (like a fracture). Apply ____________ packs. Seek medical help, physician might put back in place