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Biology 30
Module 2
Assignment 6
Copyright: Ministry of Education, Saskatchewan
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Biology 30
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Assignment 6
Biology 30
116
Assignment 6
Biology 30
117
Assignment 6
Biology 30
118
Assignment 6
Assignment 6
Values
(40)
A.
Multiple Choice: Select the word or phrase which best completes each
of the following statements and place a check () beside it.
1.
Removal of liquid wastes from a Paramecium takes place mainly
through the ***.
____
____
____
____
2.
4.
a.
b.
c.
d.
plants do not produce wastes
plants can reuse all of their wastes
none of the plant wastes are harmful or toxic
other methods of dealing with wastes are utilized
Some internal parasites, such as tapeworms, lack excretory
systems since they ***.
____
a.
____
b.
____
____
c.
d.
are able to safely store the few wastes which they
produce
absorb already digested nutrients from their hosts so
that byproducts are not produced within their own
bodies
absorb energy directly from the hosts
have wastes that diffuse out of their segments or
bodies directly into the hosts' fluids
Malpighian tubules collect wastes from blood sinuses and empty
them into the ***.
____
____
____
____
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contractile vacuole
anal pore
cilia
plasma membrane
Plants lack cells or tissues exclusively adapted for dealing with
wastes. This means that ***.
____
____
____
____
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
cloaca
intestine
green gland
rectum
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Assignment 6
5.
6.
Nitrogen wastes in birds are usually converted to uric acid crystals.
This is particularly important to the development of bird embryos
within egg shells as ***.
____
a.
____
b.
____
c.
____
d.
The outer area of a kidney, where glomeruli are concentrated, is
the ***.
____
____
____
____
7.
pyramid
pelvis
medulla
cortex
a.
b.
c.
d.
diffusion
osmosis
reverse osmosis
active transport
The action carried out by the kidney tubule cells in reabsorbing
glucose back against a higher concentration into body circulation
is supported by the presence of larger numbers of ***.
____
____
____
____
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Cells lining kidney tubules containing the initial urine can remove
useful glucose molecules and transfer them back to nearby
capillaries. This continues even as glucose molecules become
more concentrated in the capillaries. The process responsible for
this must be ***.
____
____
____
____
8.
the crystals can join to and become part of the egg
shell itself
uric acid is almost completely insoluble and nontoxic
and can therefore be stored safely within the egg
uric acid crystals are highly soluble in gases and can
pass easily through the egg shell
the crystals occupy just a small fraction of the volume
that the original nitrogen wastes do
a.
b.
c.
d.
mitochondria
nuclei
pores in their membranes
ribosomes
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Assignment 6
9.
All of the following function in an excretory role, EXCEPT one.
Select the EXCEPTION.
____
____
____
____
10.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
glucose
A large amount of water is reabsorbed from the original urine in
the kidney tubules back into the circulatory system. Another area
where a large amount of water is reabsorbed before wastes are
eliminated is the ***.
____
____
____
____
12.
Lung.
Kidney.
Salivary gland.
Sweat gland.
Production of urea is most evident in organisms which carry out
greater amounts of cellular respiration of ***.
____
____
____
____
11.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
lung
sweat gland
large intestine
liver
Of the following processes, the one most critical to a saltwater or
ocean fish is ***.
____
____
a.
b.
____
____
c.
d.
taking enough salt into its body
keeping its gills salt-free so that waste gases can
diffuse out
getting rid of water from its body fast enough
being able to take in enough water to make up for
losses
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Assignment 6
13.
14.
For a freshwater fish, excretion of water occurs because ***.
____
a.
____
b.
____
c.
____
d.
Movement of water through the stomata of a leaf out into the
atmosphere is known as ***.
____
____
____
____
15.
16.
a.
b.
c.
d.
transpiration
capillarity
vaporization
respiration
A major function of a kidney is to ***.
____
____
____
a.
b.
c.
____
d.
remove dead blood cells
break down urea, so it is less harmful to the body
try to keep the levels of certain substances in the blood
constant
remove glycogen from body fluids when there is an
excess and return it to the system when there is a
shortage
The action of panting, carried out by some organisms when they
experience uncomfortable warmth, has a temperature effect similar
to our own action of ***.
____
____
____
____
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a higher mineral-salt concentration in body cells
causes water to move in
water outside the body has a higher mineral-salt
concentration
the fish must remove excess minerals and salts from
their bodies
a fish is continually "gulping" water
a.
b.
c.
d.
breathing with our mouths open
sweating
speeding up the breathing rates
losing more water vapor from our lung surfaces
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Assignment 6
17.
Normally, the following substance that is almost completely
absorbed back into the circulatory system in the human kidney is
***.
____
____
____
____
18.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Mammal.
Bird.
Freshwater fish.
Saltwater fish.
Oxygen in a plant is likely a waste when that plant is ***.
____
____
____
____
20.
urea
uric acid
glucose
water
Of the following, the one that would usually produce the most
dilute urine is ***.
____
____
____
____
19.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
d.
respiring
photosynthesizing
dead
in a dark area
The urethra ***.
____
____
a.
b.
____
c.
____
d.
carries urine from the kidney to the bladder
carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the
body
is an area from which much water is reabsorbed back
into the body
draws out more salts and minerals from the blood
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Assignment 6
B.
(11)
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Short Answer: Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
1.
a.
Distinguish between secretion and excretion.
b.
Give one example of secretion and one example of excretion.
c.
Name a substance which can be either a secretion or an
excretion and briefly explain why it can be either.
d.
List five separate organs or structures in the human body
associated with excretion.
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Assignment 6
(12)
2.
a.
State three factors which make excretion or egestion in
plants less of a problem than it is for animals.
b.
Research question
Read the following statement taken from
Lesson 6.
“… Other plants can temporarily or permanently convert the toxic
nitrogen compounds into non-toxic amides or alkaloids, which can
be safely stored in leaves or fruits. Nicotine, morphine, caffeine and
digitalis are all such stored wastes.”
Indicate how each of these “stored wastes” is useful to
humans.
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Assignment 6
c.
Research question
Most vascular plants have difficulty living, or surviving, in
salty waters or salty soils. Some salt tolerant varieties
(halophytes) are able to do so mainly by actively absorbing
dissolved salts and minerals into their root cells. What effect
does this have on water movements and why? (Hint:
consider Osmosis)
d.
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What two factors appear to be most responsible for the
process of natural leaf fall from the deciduous trees of
Saskatchewan?
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Assignment 6
(8)
3.
a.
i. Many unicellular or simple, multicellular organisms are
able to exist without any structures specifically designed
for waste removal. How are they able to do this?
ii. Multicellular organisms which are completely without, or
have only simple, excretory systems are either water
dwelling or are in very moist environments. Why is this
type of living condition important to them?
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Assignment 6
b.
Some multicellular organisms could have flame cells,
nephridia or Malpighian tubules. Choose one of these
systems and after naming it, give an example of one
organism or a group of organisms with the system. Describe
the general features of the system including the way
excretion occurs.
System chosen:
________________________________________
Found in: _______________________________________________
Description:
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Assignment 6
(5)
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4.
From the illustration of a kidney nephron, select and match the
number which best corresponds to each statement.
____
a.
____
____, ____
____
b.
c.
d.
Much water is reabsorbed from the urine from this
part.
The initial filtering action occurs from this.
Most of this (these) lie in the medulla of a kidney.
Carries urine to the pelvis of a kidney.
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Assignment 6
(14)
5.
a.
b.
What problem is present for organisms which ingest and
metabolize large amounts of proteins?
i.
What are two differences between uric acid and urea?
Uric Acid
ii.
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Urea
1.
1.
2.
2.
State two advantages to some groups or organisms in
producing uric acid instead of urea.
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Assignment 6
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c.
Only about 0.1% of the blood initially filtered out in the
human kidneys is eventually removed as urine. In other
words, a significant amount of resorption occurs. Why is it
so important that this amount of resorption occur?
d.
An excretory system not only rids a body of waste materials,
but also has a very important regulatory effect upon it.
Perhaps using the human system as a reference, provide a
general explanation of how an excretory system can function
as a “regulator”.
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Assignment 6
(10)
6.
Consider the substances listed in the table below. Complete the
table by indicating if each of the substances are present or absent
in each of the blood, filtrate and urine. (Consider this as a normal
situation).
Substance
Blood
Filtrate
Urine
Protein
Glucose
Urea
Water
Salts
Amino Acids
_____
(100)
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