Download Cells, tisand mito, practice Test answers - Coristines

10A: Practice Test
Cells, Tissues, and Mitosis Practice Test
Name: ___________
1. List 3 characteristics of life. [3 marks]
all organisms must: exchange gases or respire, consume, eleminate waste, reproduce,
interact with their env't or communicate, locomote, etc.
2. A hundred years ago people observed that in a pond following winter there was no
algae. Then one day in May following a rainstorm algae was observed in the same
pond. People concluded that the rain brought algae. Use the cell theory to explain
what really happened. [3 marks]
Thus this had nothing to do with rain creating living organisms. The cell theory states
that all living things are made up of cells, cells are the smallest units of life, and cells
come from other living cells. This means that because cells are so small, people could
not see the algae in the water. Also the few that were there began to reproduce as the
weather became warmer creating enough cells that people could see their presence.
3. What is the equation of life? [2 marks]
glucose burns within the cells in the presence of oxygen to produce energy, carbon
dioxide and water
4. Are elephant cells larger then mouse cells. Explain [4 marks]
No elephant and mouse cells are roughly the same size. All cells can only grow as big
as their surface area to volume ratio will allow for diffusion of nutrients and gases into
and out of the innermost part of the cell. When this can no longer happen, the cell can't
efficiently perform the functions of life. Thus cells stop growth and will then split to
reproduce more new cells. So an elephant simply has more cells not larger cells.
_C__5. During which phase do the chromosomes become visible?
A) Telophase B) anaphase C) prophase D) interphase
_C__ 6. During which phase does the spindle form?
A) Telephase B) cytokinesis C) prophase
D) interphase
_C___ 7. In what process does the cell reproduce its organelles?
A) mitosis
B) G1 phase C) cytokinesis
D) spindle formation
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8. Identify the stages of the cell cycle shown below. [4 marks]
A) __prophase_______________
B) ___metaphase______
C)___telephase______________
D) ___Anaphase________________
9. With the aid of labelled diagrams explain how prophase and interphase similar and
different. [6 marks]
_C_10. When will a cell undergo mitosis?
A) Before the DNA has been replicated B) When there is limited space
C) When a protein signals it is time
D) When there are limited nutrients
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10A: Practice Test
Exp 3.2
11. Match the following:
Letter
K
J
I
B
A
D
L
C
G
H
F
E
Function
1. A rigid structure that gives shape to
the cell.
2. digest food for cell
3. Green structures for photosynthesis
4. Factories that make proteins
5. Controls the activities of the cell
6. Controls what moves in and out of the
cell
7. Contains genes made up of DNA
8. A jell-like substance that supports the
organelles
9. A large water vacuole
10. The power house that makes energy
11. Stores food
12. The packaging center
Organelle
A. nucleolus
B. ribosomes
C. cytoplasm
D. cell membrane
E. golgi appartus
F. food vacuole
G. central vacuole
H. mitochondrion
I. chloroplast
J. lysosome
k. cell wall
L. chromosomes
12. How are plant and animal cells different? [2 marks]
Plant cells have certain structures that animals do not such as chloroplasts for photosynthesis, or
large water vacuoles called central vacuoles. Animal cells have centrioles which plant cells do
not.
Exp 3.2
13. A) Why do cells specialize? [2 marks]
In order to perform all life's functions cells must be in a location to access nutrients, and
exchange gases. When cells grow in clumps (colonies) they are surrounded by other
cells and it becomes difficult to gain access to all of the necessary chemicals. Cells in
some locations begin to perform one function better than the others and rely on
neighbouring cells to make up what they lack for. Cells in the stomach specialize in
digesting and have developed more lysosomes and golgi appartus to create chemicals
and mucus but they still need oxygen. This is where the trading of services arises. The
stomach cells receive oxygen from specialized lung cells etc.
B) What is it about the structure of a bone cell that makes it good
at its job? [2 marks]
Bone cells have rings of hardened calcium in their centres. This
makes them difficult to compress or expand when a force is
applied to them. If all the cells in a bone behave this way it
creates a rigid structure that muscles can push and pull against
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10A: Practice Test
to move.
C) What cell does the same job in plants as a bone cell in humans? [1 mark]
The cortex cells in the stems or spongy mesophyl in the leaves
D) Explain why xylem cells can’t do the same job a palisade cells? [2 marks]
Palisade cells are in the leaves and they contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Xylem
cells occur in leaves and stems but they are hollow like straws for transporting water.
Because xylem does not have chloroplasts these cells can't photosynthesize.
Inquiry
B2.3
1. Match the Following
C
O
Description
1. Produces the light
2. magnifies the specimen
3. supports the slide and specimen
4. Moves stage up and down to focus
5. supports the microscope and is used to carry
it
6. Allows the objectives to be rotated
7. Supports the body tube and is used to carry
the microscope
8. Controls the amount of light entering the field
of view
9. Prevents the slide from slipping
10. Used to finely focus
F
J
K
11. supports the eyepiece
12. allows the observer to see the specimen
13. focuses the light on the specimen
N
D
M
L
A
B
E
H
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Word
A. base
B. revolving nosepiece
C. stage clips
D. objective lenses
E. arm
F. Body tube
H. diaphragm
J. eye piece
K. condenser
L. coarse adjustment/
focus
M. stage
N. mirror/ light
O. fine adjustment/ focus
10A: Practice Test
2. Label the following parts of the microscope
A ___stage_______
B_revolving nosepiece_____
C__ocular lens___
D___coarse focus____
E___high power objective_____
F___stage clip_____
G___body tube__
H__fine focus____
3. Match any 7 of the letters with the correct word
Structure
1) nucleus
2) Cell wall
3) mitochondrion
4) ribosome
5) chloroplast
6) nucleolus
7) Central vacuole
8) Chromosome
9) Cell membrane
10) Cytoplasm
11) Lysosome
12) Endoplasmic reticulum
13) Golgi body/complex
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Letter
C
L
K
F
B
M
H
D
J
A
I
E
G
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Which cell is a plant cell __2____
4. A student is not able to see the specimen when he rotates lenses from
medium to high power. Explain three possible reasons why this may be
the case. [3 marks]
Not enough light in the feild of view: the aperature (hole) in the lens gets
smaller with increasing magnification letting less light in.
Since the aperature is smaller unless the object is in the center of the field of
view it will move outside the view when a more powerfull lens it rotated in
The new lens is not in focus with the object.
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10A: Practice Test
5. Oder the following according to when you would perform them while
working with a microscope.
Order
4
7
1
5
2
6
3
Description
Use the coarse focus
Draw the specimen
Get a field of view
Use the medium power objective
Place specimen on stage
Use the fine focus
Use the scanning lens
6. Examine the diagram below. Is this normal division or cancer. Provide your
reasoning. [4 marks]
This appears to be normal
cell growth because the cells are regular shaped and of equal size. The nuclei
are also single and of similar size with one to a cell.
Cancer cells such as on the left have irregular shapes, they are antisocial and
pile up on each other leaving no spaces between cells. Cancer cells will have
uneven sized cells and nuclei because an error has occurred in the splitting
process creating cells with too little or too much genetic information.
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10A: Practice Test
7. Identify whether the following are plant or animal cells, the tissue type they
would belong and their function.[6 marks]
Animal or plant
_________animal_____________
Cell name: ____muscle___________
Tissue Name: ___muscle____________
Function: to contract and relax allowing
movement
Animal or plant
__________Plant___________________
Cell name: __xylem and phloem______________
Tissue Name: __vascular__________
Function: to move fluids and nutrients
8. Identify two techniques for diagnosing cancer. [2 marks]
Examining cells – cancer cells look, communicate, and behave differently than
normal body cells. (view the video on the wiki). A small section of cells may be
cut away from a tumour and examined. This is called a biopsy.Imaging
techniques – endoscope (fiber optic tube attached to a camera) used on
intestines, X-Rays (2-D image Ex. Mammograms), Ultrasound (for soft tissues
such as the heart and liver), CT (X-rays in a 3-D arrangement), and MRI (3-D
image using radio waves)
B) Identify two treatments for cancer and explain one. [4 marks]
1) Surgery – physically remove as much of the cancerous tumour as
possible.
2) Chemotherapy – killing cancerous cells using drugs taken orally or
intravenously. The side effects may include: hair loss, nausea, and fatigue.
These chemicals travel throughout the body and will kill undetected
tumours.
3) Radiation – damages those cells that are continually dividing due to the
accumulation of DNA damage. This means eventually the daughter cells
will not be able to reproduce ultimately shrinking tumours. Ionizing
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10A: Practice Test
radiation can be delivered by shining a beam of energy a the site or
implanting a radioactive source into the tumour.
4) Biophotonics – using beams of light to detect and treat cancer.
Learning Goals
B3.1 describe the cell cycle in animals, and explain its importance for the growth
of cells and repair of tissues.
I am able to:
 define the cell theory and the characteristics of life
 define the cell cycle, and label a diagram to show the various stages
 describe what happens in each stage of the cell cycle (interphase, mitosis:
prophase, metaphase etc.)
 Draw labeled representations of the changes in the cell as it progresses
through mitosis. (what is moving and what is disappearing, reappearing)
 explain why the cell must cycle and the consequences if it does not do so
correctly.
B3.2 describe the structure, function, and importance of specialized cells and
tissues in multi-cellular organisms (e.g., neurons have many branching dendrites
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and long axons to receive and transmit messages; muscle cells
have a higher concentration of mitochondria, which produce energy)
I am able to:
 differentiate between animal cells and plant cells based on the organelles
present/or absent
 label animal and plant cell diagrams
 describe the structures and functions of cell organelles and relate them
back to the function of the cell (Ex. sperm cells have more mitochondria)
 explain the need for specialized cells
B2.2 examine cells under a microscope or similar instrument to identify the
various stages of mitosis in animals [PR, AI]
I am able to:
 use a microscope with care and confidence to locate obvious cell
organelles
 Create accurate labeled microscopic drawings (including magnification and
size measurements)
 identify stages of mitosis using microscopic techniques
B2.3 investigate, using a microscope or similar instrument, cell specialization in
the human body ,focusing on different types of human cells (e.g.,muscle cells,
epithelial cells, nerve cells), and draw labeled biological diagrams of each type
of cell [PR, C]
 I am able to:
 draw accurate images of various cell tissues viewed under a microscope
 identify various images of cell tissue such as skin cell, muscle cell, etc. and
label the obvious organelles
B3.3 explain cell organization by describing the link between cells, tissues,
organs, and systems in the human body
I am able to:
 provide examples of the different levels of organization within each of the
different systems. (Ex. Circulatory system>Heart>cardiac muscle
tissue>red blood cells)
B2.4 compare, on the basis of observation (e.g.,using pictures, videos, or
images), the division of cancerous cells and non-cancerous cells, and
describe the impact of cancerous cells on the human body [PR, AI]
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10A: Practice Test
I am able to:
 Compare diagrams or microscopic pictures of cells in division and identify
the differences between normal cell division and cancer cell division.
 Identify the differences between normal and cancerous cells based on size,
colour, shape and behavior.
 Explain the differences in characteristics of cancerous cells and noncancerous cells
 Explain how cancer occurs and the damages or affects on the body
 Describe screening techniques
 Describe treatment techniques
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