Download Biology Exam SEMESTER 2 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE Dr. Marks

Biology Exam
SEMESTER 2 EXAM 1
STUDY GUIDE
Dr. Marks
Name: _________________________________________ Date: ________________ Class period: _____
1.
The English physician Ronald Ross wanted to find the cause of malaria. Based on his
observations, Dr. Ross suggested that the Anopheles mosquito spread malaria from person to
person. This suggestion was a
2.
Covalent bonds form when
3.
When placed in the same container, oil and water do not mix because
4.
List the unique properties of water.
5.
6.
List 3 things that are considered as carbohydrates.
a. ATP
c. wax
b. Steroid
d. sucrose
What are the characteristics of Lipids?
7.
Long chains of amino acids are found in
8.
The overall shape of a single chain of amino acids in a protein is that protein’s
9.
Reducing activation energy does what?
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
The molecule on which an enzyme acts is called a(n)
To function most efficiently, a cell’s size must be
What are parts of the cell theory?
A structure within a eukaryotic cell that carries out specific activities inside the cell is
called a(n)
Only eukaryotic cells have
15.
Where are bound ribosomes located?
16.
The organelle that moves proteins and other substances through the cell is the
17.
18.
What do chloroplasts and mitochondria have in common?
Phospholipids are molecules that have
19.
The interior of the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane forms a nonpolar zone that
20.
As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances
21.
The dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of
22.
Sugar molecules cross the cell membrane by
23.
24.
25.
26.
Ions move through ion channels by
The diffusion of water into or out of a cell is called
Explain the function and the workings of the sodium-potassium pump
Proteins and polysaccharides that are too large to move into a cell through diffusion or
active transport move in by
27.
28.
29.
30.
The carbon cycle makes carbon compounds continuously available in an ecosystem and
delivers
When cells break down food molecules, energy is
An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP is
While one type of electron transport chain of photosynthesis is used to form molecules of
ATP, a second electron transport chain is used
31.
At a hydrogen ion pump of the thylakoid membrane,
32.
As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis
33.
34.
35.
36.
When glycolysis occurs, explain what happens.
In aerobic respiration, a two-carbon molecule combines with a four-carbon molecule as
part of
Explain the reason for the presence of both chloroplasts and mitochondria in plant cells?
Fermentation enables glycolysis to continue under
37.
38.
39.
Cells produce ATP most efficiently in the presence of
The chromosome of a bacterium
In a bacterium, cell division takes place when
40.
What is the correct sequence of the cell cycle?
41.
Cells that are not dividing remain in the
42.
The synthesis (S) phase is characterized by
43.
44.
Mitosis is the process by which what happens.
A spindle fiber is a specialized form of
45.
Identify the proper sequence of the process called mitosis
46.
47.
Refer to the illustration above. Mitosis begins with the stage shown in diagram
As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during
cytokinesis
48.
In eukaryotes, the cell cycle is controlled by
49.
The cell cycle is monitored as each cell passes through
50.
51.
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The region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids are held together is called a
Chromatids are
52.
53.
54.
55.
As56.
57.
In a bacterium, cell division takes place when
Cells that are not dividing remain in the
The first three phases of the cell cycle are collectively known as
A spindle fiber is a specialized form of
As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during
cytokinesis
Cytokinesis in plant cells involves the formation of
58.
In eukaryotes, the cell cycle is controlled by
59.
The simplest and most primitive method of reproduction is
60.
The process of producing offspring is called reproduction and can be
61.
Sexual reproduction includes
62.
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for
63.
The X and Y chromosomes are called
64.
The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. The number of
chromosomes found in a human egg cell is
65.
The process shown is
66.
Separation of homologues occurs during
67.
The difference between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis is that
68.
69.
70.
Whe
71.
72.
73.
The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes
During alternation of generations, cells reproduce by
Briefly describe the five phases of the cell cycle.
When you cut yourself, new cells are formed to repair the cut skin. What causes the cells to
stop dividing when the cut is healed?
How is a benign tumor different from a malignant tumor?
Compare the features of meiotic metaphase I and meiotic metaphase II.
74.
What would happen if the chromosome number were not reduced before sexual reproduction?
75.
What is the difference between an independent variable and dependent variables in a controlled
experiment?
76.
What is the function of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
77.
What are the levels of organization of cells in a multicellular organism?
78.
What is the saturation point of light in a chloroplast?
79
What is cancer?
80.
Compare and contrast the processes known as mitosis and meiosis.