Download File - Ms. Anderson`s Class

Bacteria/Virus Exam
Biology
Anderson/Sackett
Name___________________
Hour______Date__________
Multiple Choice (2 points each)
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1.
Archeabacteria
a. have no peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
b. live in harsh conditions.
c. have a DNA sequence similar to eukaryotes.
d. all of the above.
____ 2.
This group of archeabacteria is found in the Great Salt Lake.
a. methanogens
b. thermophiles
c. halophiles
d. cyanobacteria
Figure 19-2
____
3. Figure 19-2 shows how prokaryotes can be identified by
a. the composition of their cell walls.
b. their reaction to the Gram stain.
c. their cell shapes.
d. their methods for obtaining energy.
____
4. Which cell shape in Figure 19-2 is called a coccus?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. none of the above
____
5. When treated with Gram stain, Gram-negative bacteria appear
a. purple.
b. pink.
c. yellow.
d. orange.
____
6. Flagella, gliding and corkscrew are
a. Gram stains.
b. shapes of prokaryotes.
c. methods of prokaryotic movement.
d. ways that prokaryotes obtain energy.
____
7. Which of the following are used to identify bacteria?
a. cell shape
b. the way prokaryotes move
c. the way prokaryotes obtain energy
d. all of the above
____
8. Which of the following types of bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen?
a. photoautotrophs
b. obligate aerobes
c. facultative anaerobes
d. obligate anaerobes
____ 9.
Bacteria form a bridge to exchange genetic information during
a. integration.
b. fixation.
c. binary fission.
d. conjugation.
____ 10. Unlike photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs obtain energy
a. directly from the sun.
b. directly from inorganic molecules through chemical reactions.
c. indirectly from organic molecules.
d. indirectly from other organisms.
____ 11. A method called Gram staining is used to
a. determine what shape a prokaryote has.
b. tell how a prokaryote obtains energy.
c. differentiate between two major groups of bacteria based on differences in cell walls.
d. tell whether a prokaryote has flagella.
____ 12. Bacteria reproduce asexually by
a. binary fission.
b. conjugation.
c. fixation.
d. spores.
____ 13. Bacterial endospore formation usually occurs
a. immediately before cell division.
b. before feeding.
c. when conditions become harsh.
d. during conjugation.
____ 14. Which of the following describes a role of bacteria in the environment?
a. carrying out photosynthesis
b. recycling nutrients
c. fixing nitrogen
d. all of the above
____ 15. The process by which bacteria change nitrogen into useable forms for plants is called
a. nitrogenation.
b. nitrogen fixation.
c. eutrophication.
d. decomposition.
____ 16. Cyanobacteria are
a. good colonizes
b. photosynthetic
c. nitrogen fixers
d. all the above
____ 17. How do bacteria cause disease?
a. they cause viruses
b. they stunt and organism’s growth
c. they destroy tissue and produce toxins
d. they cause red tides
____ 18. Many cases of food poisoning are caused by bacterial
a. toxins.
b. decomposition.
c. resistance to antibiotics.
d. sterilization.
____ 19. Bacteria that cause disease are called
a. viruses.
b. pathogens.
c. endospores.
d. antibiotics.
____ 20. Antibiotics resistance can develop because
a. people don’t take all of their prescribed antibiotics.
b. people don’t wash their hands.
c. people don’t get vaccinated.
d. people come in contact with bodily fluids.
____ 21. Which of the following foods are made using bacteria?
a. cheese
b. yogurt
c. pickles
d. all of the above
____ 22. Humans use bacteria in all of the following ways EXCEPT to
a. clean up small oil spills.
b. manufacture computer chips.
c. digest food.
d. synthesize drugs.
____ 23. Food stored in a refrigerator will keep longer because the bacteria that spoil food
a. die at low temperatures.
b. grow more slowly at low temperatures.
c. require light to live.
d. grow more slowly in the dark.
____ 24. Which of the following is NOT a form of sterilization?
a. refrigeration
b. boiling
c. disinfectants
d. frying
____ 25. The outer protein coat of a virus is called a
a. DNA core.
b. capsid.
c. bacteriophage.
d. tail sheath.
____ 26. Viruses can reproduce
a. only in air.
b. only inside a host cell.
c. only in metals.
d. only in the presence of oxygen.
____ 27. A virus is a non-living organism because it
a. is not made up of cells.
b. cannot live independently.
c. doesn’t grow.
d. all of the above.
____ 28. The genome of a virus contains
a. only DNA
b. only RNA
c. both DNA and RNA
d. either DNA or RNA
____ 29. A lytic infection concludes with the
a. embedding of viral DNA into the host cell’s DNA.
b. production of a prophage.
c. bursting of the host cell.
d. production of messenger RNA.
____ 30. Bacteriophages infect
a. other viruses.
b. bacteria only.
c. any available host cell.
d. cells undergoing the lytic cycle.
____ 31. Unlike lytic viruses, lysogenic viruses do NOT
a. inject their genetic material into the host cell.
b. enter the lytic cycle.
c. lyse the host cell right away.
d. infect host cells.
____ 32. The stage of the lysogenic cycle when viral DNA is integrated into the host cell’s genetic information is
called
a. attachment.
b. integration.
c. entry.
d. assembly.
____ 33. A virus that contains RNA as its genetic information is a
a. prion.
b. bacteria.
c. retrovirus.
d. viroid.
____ 34. An infectious particle made of protein rather than RNA or DNA is called a
a. prion.
b. bacteria.
c. retrovirus.
d. viroid.
Identification (2 points each)
Label the components of a viruses.
Head
Nucleus
Host
Word Bank
Envelope
Tail Fibers
Capsid
Sheath
Nucleic Acid
Antibody
35.________________________
36.________________________
37.________________________
Naming Bacteria (2 points each)
Identify the arrangement and shape of the bacteria. Use the word bank. Words may be used more than once.
Staphylo
Word Bank
Strepto
Bacillus
Sprillium
Diplo
Coccus
Tetra
38. ____________________________
40. ___________________________
39.______________________________
41._______________________________
Application (2 points each question)
A student placed a disk of filter paper in each of the following solutions: disinfectant 1, disinfectant 2,
disinfectant 3, and distilled water. While the four disks were soaking in their respective solutions, she
streaked a sterile nutrient agar dish with a culture of E. coli bacteria. Then, she placed each disk carefully
onto the nutrient agar dish, placed the lid on the dish, taped it shut, and incubated the dish at 37°C for
several days. Figure 19-4 shows how the nutrient agar dish looked on Day 1 and Day 4.
Figure 19-4
42. Based on Figure 19-4, what is the student probably trying to test?
43. How can the student measure the effectiveness of each disinfectant shown in Figure 19-4?
44. Look at the dishes in Figure 19-4. Which disinfectant was the most effective at controlling the growth of
E. coli? How do you know?
45. Look at the results of the experiment shown in Figure 19-4. Why do you think the different disinfectants
are not equally effective against the E. coli bacteria?
46. Name the 5 stages of the Lytic Cycle and explain what is happening in each stage. (2 points each stage)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.