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Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Date: December 11, 2007 Drill 1. Why is it helpful for plants to create fruit? Fruits attract seed Seed distributed Seeds dropped in pile of fertilizer 2. What do plants use to attract pollinators? Petals, smell, nector Sponges Poifera Sea Sponges Asymetric Sessile (don’t do anything) No true tissue Filter feed 9,000 species Sponges have an asymmetric body with no true tissues, or organs. They have two layers of cells. Flattened cells cover the exterior. Collar cells line the interior chambers. Collar cells move large volumes of water through body pores by their beating flagella. They also trap suspended food particles in their microvilli collars. This animation (Audio - Important) describes sponges. Between the two layers of cells there is a semifluid matrix with needlelike structures for support. Sponges reproduce sexually and have a free-living larval stage. They also reproduce asexually by fragmentation or gemmules. http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/week9/07sponges.html Cnidera Jellies Some Sessile (Polyp) Some Nectons (float) Medusa Cnidarians are tentacled, radial animals. This group includes jellyfishes (Scyphozoa), sea anemones (Anthozoa), and Hydra (Hydrozoa). The phylum name comes from their ability to sting by discharging nematocysts. This animation (Audio - Important) illustrates the function of a nematocyst. The cnidarian body is not complex. There are two main body plans , the medusa and the polyp. The medusa resembles an umbrella and floats like a tentacle-fringed bell in the water. The polyp is tubelike and is usually attached to some substrate. It may be solitary or part of a colony. The digestive cavity is saclike (only a mouth) and can accommodate prey larger than the cnidarian itself. True tissues include an outer epidermis and an inner gastrodermis (epithelial layers with a jellylike mesoglea between). There is a nerve net that coordinates sensory and motor activities. Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Cnidarian life cycles show alternation of life stages. Reproduction may be sexual, with a planula larva stage, or it may be asexual. Gonads may be in the epidermis or gastrodermis. http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/week9/07cnidaria.html Ex o Man of War o Anemones o Jelly Fish Radial Symmetry Primitive Stomach/Circulatory System Stinging Cells-Nematocysts http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/week9/cnidaria.gif Phtyhelminthes Flat Worms Bilateral Symmetric Acoelomate saclike gut (but none in tapeworms), bilateral symmetry, cephalization and Acoelomate (no coelom). Simple two way digestion Many species are hermaphrodites Examples:lukes (parasites) Tapeworms Phylum Body type/Symmetry Examples (both sexes in one body) but practice cross-fertilization. Characterics Pictures Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Sessile=don’t move Porous bodies Spucules-make up skeleton of sponge Filter feders Porifera Aceolemate ___________ Radial symmetrial or asymmetrical sponges Cnideria Aceolemate ___________ Radial symmetry Jelly fish, Hydra Sea anemane, coral Carnivores Cnidocytes= stinging cells Polyp-sessile form. Medusa=actual jellyfish Platyhelminthes Aceolemate Bilateral Flatworm Tapeworm Fluke Parasitic, scolex, mouth opening One digestive tract opening Asexual reproduction Nerve Cord Mouth/Anus same Cross Fertilization Nematoda Pseudocelomate Radial symmetrial Roundworms Hookworms Trichinella (pork) Active hunters Found in soil Parasitic Stylet= needle like mouth Exoskeleton Central ganglion Nerve cord Most male/female parts Complete digestive tude Moist skin acts as “lungs” Phylum Body type/Symmetry Coelomate __________ Bilateral or Radial Examples Characterics Earthworm Leeches Sandworms Segmented worms Septa= segments Hermaphroditichave both sex organs Annelidia Pictures Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher Molluska Coelomate __________ Bilateral Snails Squid Clams Scallops Slugs Octopus Almost all have shells 3 parts foot head viseral mass some have shells Gastropods_ snails, slugs Bivalves-clams, or oysters Cephalopodssquid/octopus Echinodermata Coelomate __________ Bilateral Star fish Sea urchin Sea cumber Arthropoda Coelomate __________ Bilateral Bugs/insects Shrimp Spiders Crabs Lobsters Endoskeleton Carnivores Pentaradial symemtry-5 arms symmetry Exoskeleton First winged organism Acarchnids-spiders Crustaceans- crabsm lobsters Uniramia=insects, largest group Molluska Examples o Gastropods snails, slugs Bivalves- clams, oysters, muscles, scallops Cephalopods-octopus, squids Passes a mantle Outgoing which produces the shell Works for respiration Biology 3rd Block Room 128 Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher o Radula