Download growth and development

Characteristics of Life
Unit 1 Big Idea - _____________________________________
______________________________________________________
Living thing = ____________________
All living things have the following characteristics in common.
Physical Body structures:
1. ________________________
2. ________________________
Life Processes:
1. __________________________________
2. __________________________________
3. __________________________________
4. __________________________________
5. __________________________________
6. __________________________________
7. __________________________________
8. __________________________________
9. __________________________________
10. _________________________________
No matter how different they appear, all living things, from
bacteria to blue whales share the same characteristics of life.
Although all organisms carry out these life processes, they do it
in different ways using different structures.
Ex. To breathe oxygen and release carbon dioxide, humans use
_________, fish use _______, hissing cockroaches use _______.
2 BODY STRUCTURES:
CELLS
1.________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________
ex. _________________________
Each individual
_________________________
organism is made of only
_______ cell type.
3. Comparison and Contrast of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
_
Prokaryotic
________
Eukaryotic_________
_______ known cell type
Believed to have ________from prokaryotic cells
_______________
_____________________________
Organelles are _____ surrounded by
a membrane covering
Organelles _____ surrounded by a membrane
covering
Chromosomes _____ stored in a
nucleus
Chromosomes ______ stored in a nucleus
Organisms that have these cells:
____________________
Organisms that have these cells:
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
3.____________________________________________________________
 __________________ - Organism is made of 1 cell
 __________________ - Organism is made of more than 1 cell
4. Cell Specialization – Eukaryotic cells in multicellular organisms develop
_________________________ through the process of --________________
ex. _______________, Blood cells, _______________(neurons)
GENETIC MATERIAL
1. Each cell contains a __________________ molecule that serves as the
______________ or “blueprint” that controls the development of an
organism
2. Genetic code determines:
a. _________________________________
b. _________________________________
3. Two types of nucleic acids
____ - _______________________________
____ - _______________________________
4. All living things have the ______ universal genetic code.
5. DNA is passed from parents to offspring through _______________.
9 LIFE PROCESSES:
OBTAIN ENERGY
1. _______ ___ is needed to power all life processes.
2. ___________ provides energy (___)
Two methods of obtaining E rich food molecules:
1. ______________ - Organism that use sunlight or chemical energy to make their own
food molecules (Ex. _______________, _________________. _________________)
2. ______________ - Organism that feeds on living or dead organisms or their products
(honey, nectar, dung, fruits)
(Ex. _____________, ________________, ____________________)
*** These organisms _____________photosynthesize***
RESPIRATION
Two meanings:
1.
______________ - between organism and environments (Ex. lungs, gills, cell
membrane- Breathe in O2, exhale CO2)
2. Cellular process by which______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
2 forms of Respiration:
1. Aerobic Respiration - _____________________________________
2. Anaerobic Respiration - ____________________________________
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. Growth is the result of __________________________________________
2. Some cells become specialized and perform different jobs than others
(______________________________________________________)
Ex. of specialized cells ____________, _______________, _____________
3. Development - ___________________________________________________
4. Nothing lives forever…..___________________________________________
MOVEMENT
1. Organisms use different methods of _______________________ to move.
2. Plant movements are called __________________.
_______________________ - movement toward ____________.
_______________________ - movement in response to ____________________________.
RESPOND TO THE ENVIRONMENT
1. ________________ - factors in the environment that living things react to
(Ex. ________________, __________________, __________________)
________________ - physiological or behavioral reaction to stiumuls.
(Ex._________________, _______________________, ________________)
MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS
1. _______________________________________________________________________________
2. All of the body’s systems work together to maintain homeostasis which is
________________________________________.
3. Ensures temperature, pH (acidity), and oxygen levels and many other factors) are set just right
for ________________________________.
Ex. Human body temperature
Stays mostly constant at _________________ -________________________
Ex. Blood Sugar Levels
High levels of sugar in the blood trigger ________________________ from the pancreas.
Insulin helps cells take in sugar which __________________________________________.
Too little blood sugar causes the ______________________ stored as ___________ into blood.
When the homeostasis controls don’t work, _________________ results.
4. Homeostasis levels are _____________________________________.
http://www.think-bank.com/iwb/flash/homeostasis.html
METABOLISM
1. All the ____________________________ that occur in the body.
Ex. Photosynthesis, ________________________________, Digestion
2. Amazingly, many of these reactions are ________________ in different organisms.
EXCRETION
1. All ______________________________________________________________.
Wastes are poisons that must be removed.

Animals – urine, feces, _________________, and _____________ are released
through lungs, skin, and kidneys.

Plants – release oxygen through leaf ___________ (small openings)

Unicelluar organisms – excrete directly through ___________________..
REPRODUCTION
1. Organisms produce more of their own kind _________________ to their offspring
__________________________________.
2. Two Forms of Reproduction:
a. _____________ - Requires _____________, one from each parent (sperm and egg)
b. ___________________- Only ___________________ is needed.
EVOLUTION
1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. Individual organism ___________________ evolve.
3. Changes that result in _____________________________ for survival are
“selected” for by nature.
4. There are different types of adaptations:
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
SUMMARY
1. Although there is great ____________________ among all the different living
things, the characteristics of life ___________________ them as being alive.


Unity - _____________________________________________________
Diversity - __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________