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Civil War Study Guide
PART 1 – PEOPLE
1. Abraham Lincoln
President of the Union during the Civil War
2. Jefferson Davis
President of the Confederacy
3. Ulysses S. Grant
Commander of the Union forces who accepted Lee’s surrender
4. Robert E. Lee
Commander of the Confederate Army; was offered command of the Union Army by Lincoln at the beginning of the war
5. Frederick Douglas
Former enslaved African American who escaped to the North and became an abolitionist
6. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Confederate general who was accidentally shot by his own men at Chancellorsville, Virginia. Considered to be Lee’s right
arm
7. Clara Barton
Nurse during the Civil War known as the “Angel of the Battlefield.” She started the American Red Cross.
8. Robert Smalls
African American Confederate boat pilot that escaped and became a Union naval captain and a congressman after the
Civil War.
PART 2 – PLACES
9. Washington DC
Capital of the Union
10. Richmond, VA
Capital of the Confederacy
11. Fort Sumter, SC
Where the first shots of the Civil War were fired
12. Bull Run-Manassas
First major battle; The Confederacy won here twice
13. Antietum
The bloodiest day of fighting during the Civil War
14. Gettysburg
Battle that was the “turning point” of the war; the Union had the advantage of defending high ground
15. Vicksburg
Last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River that the Union control of the river, thereby dividing the South
16. Appomattox Court House VA
Robert E. Lee surrendered here ending the Civil War
17-20. Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, Delaware
Four slave states that stayed with the Union
21. West Virginia
The western counties of Virginia that refused to secede from the Union.
22. South Carolina
First state to secede from the Union
23. Union (North)
Won the Civil War
PART 3 – THINGS
24. Blockade
This Union naval tactic that prevented port cities such as Savannah, Charleston, and New Orleans from getting needed
supplies and exporting cotton.
25-26. Slavery and States rights
Two main issues dividing the nation
27. Missouri Compromise
Compromise that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state
28. Compromise of 1850
Compromise that allowed California to enter as a free state and the Southwest territories could decide the slavery issue
on their own
29. Kansas Nebraska Act
This document allowed people in the Nebraska and Kansas territories to decide the slavery issue for themselves
30. Blockade Southern Ports, Control the Mississippi River, Capture Richmond
Union’s plan to win the war – (Anaconda Plan: 3 parts)
31. Preserve the Union
Lincoln’s primary purpose in fighting the Civil War
32. Secede
Means to withdraw: Seven Southern states did this after Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860; Four more
States followed soon after
33. Emancipation Proclamation
Document that ended slavery in the Confederate states
34. Gettysburg Address
Lincoln’s speech that said the Civil War was fought to preserve the government “of the people, by the people, and for the
people.”
35. Disease
Caused more deaths during the Civil War than face-to-face combat
36. Popular Sovereignty
People in a state would decide the slavery issue by voting, rather than Congress deciding for them
37. Lincolns election 1860
Event that caused seven Southern states to secede from the Union
PART 4 North or South
38.
North
Favored a tariff on manufactured goods
39.
South
Believed they had the power to declare any national law illegal
40.
Most of the devastation occurred here
41.
South
Favored slavery; believed their economy depended on slavery
42.
North
Believed slavery was morally wrong
43.
North
Believed the nation was one nation that could not be separated
44.
South
This area was rural and agricultural
45.
46.
Had more well-trained officers
North
47.
Had more factories
More battles were fought here
48.
North
This area was urban and industrial
49.
South
Fought for individual states’ rights
50.
North
Had a better railroad system to supply the troops
Be sure to study the Civil War Map on page 127. You must know which states are Border States, Union States, and
Confederate States.
Definition: Popular sovereignty or the sovereignty of the people is the principle that the authority of the government is
created and sustained by the consent of its people.