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Islamic University Nursing College Anatomy & physiology(B) Mid term Ex. For Midwives Name Number 31/5/2009 Time :1 hour Choose the correct answer ( ) 1- The body's second line of defense is ? a- antibodies b- Spleen d- MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue) c- Mucous e- The inflammatory response ( ) 2- The rejection of tissue transplants is brought about by? a- killer T-cells d- NK cells b- helper T-cells c- macrophages e- suppressor T-cells ( ) 3- Two indications that the body is fighting an infection are increased? a- pain and fever c- red blood cells and pain b- white blood cells and fever d- white and red blood cells ( ) 4- The substance produced by virus-infected cells that helps other cells resist viral infection is? a- an antigen d- interferon b- a marker protein e- a marker protein c- a receptor protein ( ) 5- An infection may spread throughout the body, causing swelling and tenderness of the? a- joints d- liver b- nerve endings e- lymph nodes c- skin ( ) 6- The antibodies that are often given to travelers to protect them from tropical diseases produce? a- secondary immunity c- active immunity b- passive immunity d- permanent immunity ( ) 7- Each of the following is true of antibodies except that? a- They are released by plasma cells b- each antibody binds to three antigens c- They have two identical binding sites d- They are shaped like the letter Y ( )8- The immune system's loss of its ability to distinguish "self" from "nonself" results in ________? a- cell-mediated immune deficiency diseases b- immune-deficiency diseases c- immune response diseases d- vaccines e- autoimmune diseases ( )9- When antibodies are present in the fluids of the blood? a- it is called cell-mediated immunity b- it creates antigen specific response c- lymphocytes work on viruses, or lyse foreign cells d- it is called humoral immunity, or antibody-mediated immunity ( ) 10- The injection of weakened pathogens to produce immunity is? a- vaccination b- antigens d- cellular mediated antigen response c- self-antigen production e- passive immunity ( ) 11- The most common overreactions of the immune system are known as? a- allergies b- asthma c- antihistamines d- histamines ( ) 12- Acute hypersensitivity or allergy is due to? a- Lymphokines c- IgE antibodies b- Delayed hypersensitivity T cells d- Activated macrophages ( ) 13- A form of natural passive immunity, in which no immunological memory is established? a- placenta or breast milk c- infection or contact with a pathogen b- vaccine d- gamma globulin e- serum administration ( ) 14- Slowing or stopping the activity of a B cell or T cell is done by? a- Killer T-cell b- Helper T-cell c- Memory Cell d- Suppressor T cell ( )15- A cell which produces a huge number of immunoglobulin? a- Memory cells b- Mast cells c- Stem cells d- plasma cells ( ) 16- Which organ is not a lymphoid organ? a- Tonsils b- Spleen c- Thymus d- Gall bladder ( ) 17- Which is a lymphoid organ found in the small intestine? a- Peyer's patches b- Spleen c- Thymus d- Tonsils ( ) 18- Which type of effector T cells are responsible for attacking and lysing infected and cancerous cells? a- Supressor T cells c- Helper T cells b- Delayed hypersensitivity T cells d- Cytotoxic T cells ( )19 Which type of T cell is specifically targeted by HIV? a- Cytotoxic T cells c- Supressor T cells b- All T cells are targeted by HIV d- Helper T cells ( ) 20- Which of these lymphoid organs is well developed before birth? a- Thymus b- Tonsils c- Red marrow d- Liver e- lymph nodes ( ) 21- Gonads are? a- found only in the male d- primary sex organs b- found only in the female c- secondary sex organs e- both a and c above are correct ( ) 22- The cells forming the outer layer of the seminiferous tubule are a- spermatogonia d- interstitial cells b- sustentacular cell e- secondary spermatocytes c- spermatids ( ) 23- The spermatozoa complete their maturation in the? a- ductus deferens d- rete testis b- epididymis e- ejaculatory duct c- seminal vesicles ( ) 24- Which structures in the testes produce spermatozoa? a- seminiferous tubules d- interstitial cells b- sustentacular cells e- inguinal canals c- spermatogenesis ( )2 5- Why are the testes are located in the scrotum? a- They would become tangled in their ducts if they were in the abdominal cavity b- There is no room for them in the abdominal cavity c- The temperature in the abdominal cavity is too high d- They must be located closer to the penis e- They can move more freely during spermatogenesis ( )2 6- The spermatic cord contains? a- spermatic artery, spermatic vein, spermatic nerve, ductus deferens, epididymis b- spermatic artery, spermatic vein, spermatic nerve, seminal vesicle c- spermatic artery, spermatic vein, spermatic nerve, epididymis d- ovarian artery, ovarian vein, ovarian nerve, inguinal canal e- spermatic artery, spermatic vein, spermatic nerve, ductus deferens ( )2 7- The spermatic cord leaves the scrotum through the? a- acoustic tube d- eustachian tube b- gubernaculum e- inguinal canal c- ductus deferens ( ) 28 - From the ejaculatory duct, sperm can pass directly into the? a- seminal vesicle d- urethra b- epididymis c- seminiferous tubule e- ductus deferens ( ) 29- The interstitial cells? a- produce ova b- produce spermatozoa d- dissolve any spermatozoa that are not ejaculated c- secrete estrogens e- secrete testosterone ( ) 30- The hormone directly responsible for the development of the male secondary sexual characters is called? a- cortisol b- testosterone c- FSH d- epinephrine e- LH ( ) 31- What is the rupture of the Graafian follicle called? a- placentation b- mastication c- menstruation d- ovulation e- fertilization ( ) 32- The finger-like structures around the internal opening of the uterine or Fallopian tube are known as the? a- cervix b- fundus c- cilia d- endometrium e- fimbriae ( ) 33- The soft, vascular mucosal lining of the uterus is the? a- peritoneum b- corpus luteum c- mesentery d- endometrium e- fundus ( ) 34- The tubular portion of the uterus, that extends downwards into the upper part of the vagina, is known as the? a- myometrium d- cervix b- epimetrium e- endometrium c- peritoneum ( )35- Developing follicles produce this hormone which stimulates thickening of the endometrium during each menstrual cycle and enlargement of female reproductive organs and breast development in a young woman? a- LH b- progesterone c- estrogen d- testosterone e- FSH ( ) 36- This structure begins embedding itself in the endometrium of the uterus about 7 days after ovulation? a- fetus b- zygote c- blastocyst d- four-cell stage e- morula ( ) 37- What hormone produced by the blastocyst prods the glandular corpus luteum to continue producing its hormones to maintain the endometrium? a- testosterone b- follicle stimulating hormone d- human chorionic gonadotropin e- oxytocin c- progesterone ( ) 38- All body systems are present in at least rudimentary form by the end of this week of development? a- 8 b- 16 c- 2 d- 12 e- 40 ( ) 39- Female reproductive capabilities end, and reproductive organs begin to atrophy during? a- cryptorchidism b- parturition c- menopause d- menses e- menarche ( ) 40- Which of the following is NOT a male reproductive function? a- implantation d- spermatogenesis b- ejaculation c- erection e- testosterone production ( ) 41- Enlargement of the prostate gland can interfere with a male's reproductive function and urination because it surrounds part of this tubular structure? a- epididymis b- vas deferens c- urethra d- ureter e- uterine tube ( ) 42- Acrosomal enzymes are needed for? a- maintenance of the corpus luteum b- sperm motility c- implantation d- maintenance of the endometrium of the uterus e- sperm penetration of an "egg'' ( ) 43- Which of the following methods of contraception works mainly by preventing ovulation? a- coitus interruptus d- diaphragm b- intrauterine device e- tubal ligation c- birth control "pill'' ( ) 44- The mammary glands are modified? a- uterine glands b- areolar glands c- sebaceous glands d- sudoriferous( sweat) glands ( ) 45- The three primary germ layers are the? a- chorion, amnion, and placenta b- endoderm, mesoderm, and ectododerm c- epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis d- exoepidermis, mediodermis, and endohypodermis ( ) 46- The sequential stages of labor from the beginning are? a- placental, dilation, and expulsion c- softening, contraction, and stretch b- softening, crowning, and contraction d- dilation, expulsion, and placental ( ) 47- Which of the following represents a possible sequence of events in embryonic development? a- zygote morula blastocyst c- embryo vesicle zygote b- blastocyst zygote morula d- vesicle blastocyst zygote ( ) 48- Menopause is considered to have begun when? a- hot flashes begin b- a year has passed without a menstruation c- the blood levels of progesterone increase above normal d- the blood levels of estrogen increase above normal ( )49-The two regulatory systems of the body are the endocrine system and the a- skeletal system d- immune system b- nervous system e- respiratory system c-circulatory system ( )50-The relatively constant internal environment of the body is maintained by a- negative feedback b- metabolism c- positive feedback d- homeostasis ( )51-The rate of metabolism of all body cells is regulated by a- calcitonin b- thyroxine c- parathyroid hormone d-aldosterone ( )52-Androgens are produced by the a- ovaries b- testes c- islets of Langerhans d- hypothalamus ( )53-Failure of the pituitary to stop producing growth hormone after body growth is completed results in a- giantism b- acromegaly c- goiter d- cretinism ( )54-Located at the base of the throat, just inferior to the Adam's apple you would find which endocrine gland? a- pineal gland b- hypothalamus c- thyroid d- pituitary ( )55- The cluster of cells in the pancreas that produce hormones are the a- islets of Langerhans b- nodules c- pancreatic cortex d- pancreatic medulla ( )56- Estrogens and progesterone are produced by a- testes b- ovaries c- adrenal glands d-pituitary ( ) 57-Most hormones of the endocrine system are regulated by a a- negative feedback mechanism c- hormone-gene complex b- positive feedback mechanism d- hormone-receptor complex ( ) 58-The hormone that stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle in the uterus is: a- FSH b- LH c- oxytocin d- thyroxine e- estrogen ( ) 59-The conversion of glycogen to glucose is stimulated by a hormone from a- liver b- adrenal cortex c- pancreas d- anterior pituitary ( ) 60-Nervousness, increased body temperature, and increased blood pressure are indications of a- hyperthyroidism b-hypothyroidism c-increased insulin d-increased glucagons GOOD LUCK