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Fraction Study Guide **page numbers refer to our blue math book Three ways to represent fractions. Set – page 502 All of the objects in a group represent one whole set. Some of the objects are part of that whole. Example: There are 10 pieces of fruit (the whole) 7 (the part) out of 10 pieces of fruit are apples and the rest are pears. Region – page 500 Use pictures to represent the whole (a rectangle) and then divide it into equal parts. Shade the part that will represent the fraction. Number Line -page 504 Fractions name parts of a length. Units of length or whole units on a number line can be used as another model for fractions. Estimate fractional parts – page 508 Equivalent Fractions – page 516 Simplest Form – page 520 Comparing and Ordering Fractions– page 522 - 524 Cross Multiply Mixed Number to Improper – page 530 Knowing the “Benchmark” fractions 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3, and 3/4 to estimate other fractions. Multiply or divide the numerator and the denominator by the same number. What you do to the top, you also do to the bottom. http://www.mathsisfun.com/equivalent_fractions.html 1. Find the greatest common factor for both the numerator and the denominator. 2. Divide both the top and bottom number by the GCF. http://www.mathsisfun.com/simplifying-fractions.html 1. When the denominators are the same, compare the numerators. 2. Strategy: Use number sense to estimate their placement on the number line using the benchmark fractions as a guide. 3. Strategy: When the denominators are different, find a common denominator for the fractions by using equivalent fractions (this is the strategy to master because you will use it in other grades). Compare using <, >, or =. You can also use this strategy for ordering fractions. http://www.mathplayground.com/howto_comparefractions.html Multiply the denominator of the first fraction with the numerator of the second fraction. Write the answer above the numerator. Multiply the denominator of the second fraction with the numerator of the first fraction. Write the answer above the numerator. Compare the numbers and circle the one that is larger. Write <, >, or = between the two fractions. http://www.mathplayground.com/fractions_compare.html http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-to-crossmultiplytwo-fractions.html Multiply the denominator by the whole number and then add the numerator. Write the sum as the numerator and keep the same denominator. http://www.mathplayground.com/fractions_mixed.html http://www.xpmath.com/forums/arcade.php?do=play&gameid=37 Improper to Mixed Number – page 530 Comparing Mixed Numbers – page 534 Finding a fractional amount Adding/ Subtract with like denominators – page 564, 575 Divide the numerator by the denominator, write the quotient (answer) as the whole number, and write the remainder as the numerator. The denominator stays the same. http://www.mathplayground.com/fractions_improper.html 1. Look at the whole numbers first to see which is larger. 2. When the whole numbers are the same, you must find a common denominator for the fractions. Make denominators the same using equivalent fractions . Compare the numerators. Write <, >, or = between the two fractions. 1. Divide the whole number by denominator. This is your quotient (the answer). 2. Multiply the quotient (your answer) by the numerator. http://www.mathplayground.com/fractions_fractionof.html Add or subtract the numerators. Write the answer as the new numerator and keep the same denominator. If it is an improper fraction, rewrite it as a mixed number. In some cases, you may need to simplify the fraction to the lowest form, so don’t forget to check.