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Global 10R – 2010-2011 – Midterm Exam – Most Incorrectly Answered Questions
11. One important result of the French Revolution was
that
(a) France enjoyed a lengthy period of peace and
prosperity
(b) The Church was restored to its former role and place
in the government
(c) Political power shifted to the bourgeoisie
(d) France lost its sense of nationalism
15. Which social class controlled most of the political,
economic, and social power in colonial Latin America?
(a) peninsulares
(c) creoles
(d) mestizos
(d) native people
17. In England, which circumstance was a result of the
other three?
(a) availability of labor
(b) abundance of coal and iron
(c) waterpower from many rivers
(d) start of the Industrial Revolution
Base your answer to the next question on the passage
below and on your knowledge of social studies.
The factory owners did not have the power to compel
anybody to take a factory job. They could only hire
people who were ready to work for the wages offered to
them. Low as these wage rates were, they were
nonetheless much more than these paupers could earn in
any other field open to them. It is a distortion of facts to
say that the factories carried off the housewives from the
nurseries and the kitchens and the children from their
play. These women had nothing to cook with and
[nothing] to feed their children. These children were
destitute [poor] and starving. Their only refuge was the
factory. It saved them, in the strict sense of the term,
from death by starvation…
— Ludwig von Mises, Human Action, A Treatise on
Economics, Yale University Press
18. Which statement summarizes the theme of this
passage?
(a) Factory owners created increased hardships.
(b) Factory owners preferred to use child laborers.
(c) The factory system allowed people to earn money.
(d) The factory system created new social classes.
20. The conclusions of Malthus and Ricardo relative to
economic affairs suggested that
(a) capitalism and a free society would eventually
abolish poverty and suffering from the world
(b) only social reforms and strong government
intervention in the economy could alleviate human
misery
(c) liberals were right to reject government interference
in economic affairs because it could do no good
(d) poverty was caused by a lack of education and could
only be remedied by mandatory elementary school
attendance
23. Karl Marx predicted that laissez-faire capitalism
would result in
(a) a return to manorialism
(b) a revolution led by the proletariat
(c) fewer government regulations
(d) an equal distribution of wealth and income
24. A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the
(a) concentration of workers in urban areas
(b) increased desire of the wealthy class to share its
power
(c) formation of powerful craft guilds
(d) control of agricultural production by governments
25. By 1900, which of the following pairs of countries
were the world’s leading industrial nations?
(a) Britain and the United States
(b) Germany and the United States
(c) Japan and Germany
(d) Britain and Germany
31. When Italy unified, what form of government did it
take?
(a) an absolute monarchy
(b) a socialist democracy
(c) a republic
(d) a constitutional monarchy
33. In the 19th century, the unification of Italy and the
unification of Germany resulted in
(a) encouraging a century of peaceful coexistence in
Europe
(b) upsetting the balance of power in Europe
(c) reducing feelings of nationalism in these nations
(d) increasing competition for trade with Russia
34. A major threat to the Habsburg Empire came from
(a) nationalist demands
(b) the Ottoman empire
(c) France
(d) social reformers
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Global 10R – 2010-2011 – Midterm Exam – Most Incorrectly Answered Questions
37. Tsar Alexander III launched a program of
Russification, in which he
(a) emancipated the serfs.
(b) introduced legal reforms, such as trial by jury.
(c) suppressed non-Russian cultures within the empire.
(d) secured foreign investment to develop Russian
industry.
39. Through reforms that took place during the late
1800s, Britain transformed itself into
(a) an oligarchy.
(b) a constitutional monarchy.
(c) a parliamentary democracy
(d) an aristocracy.
43. Which statement would Social Darwinists most
likely support?
(a) Universal suffrage is a basic human right.
(b) Political equality strengthens the effectiveness of
government.
(c) Stronger groups have the right to rule and control
weaker groups.
(d) Public education should be guaranteed to all
members of a society.
The White Man’s Burden.
“Take up the White Man’s burden—
Send forth the best ye breed—
Go, bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives’ need;
To wait, in heavy harness,
On fluttered folk and wild—
Your new-caught sullen peoples,
Half devil and half child . . .”
— Rudyard Kipling, 1899
48. This stanza from Kipling’s poem is most closely
associated with the belief that it was the duty of Western
colonial powers to
(a) learn from the people they conquered
(b) teach their colonies how to produce manufactured
goods
(c) civilize the people they controlled
(d) welcome less developed countries as equals
49. Which of these developments in Africa was a cause
of the other three?
(a) Rival tribal groups fought wars.
(b) The Berlin Conference of 1884 influenced colonial
boundaries.
(c) Traditional territories and culture groups were
permanently fragmented.
(d) African economies became dependent on the sale of
cash crops and raw materials.
50. The Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion
in China were similar in that they
(a) restored power to the hereditary monarchies
(b) attempted to reject the traditional cultures in these
countries
(c) resisted foreign influence in these countries
(d) reestablished the power of religious leaders
52. The Opium Wars in China and the expedition of
Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan resulted in
(a) the economic isolation of China and Japan
(b) an increase in Chinese influence in Asia
(c) the beginning of democratic governments in China
and Japan
(d) an increase in Western trade and influence in Asia
53. Before Commodore Matthew Perry’s expedition to
Japan in 1853, Japan was most influenced by
(a) Russia’s desire for warm-water ports
(b) the introduction of advanced technology from the
United States
(c) France’s quest for new colonies
(d) China’s religion, art and writing
54. What was a direct result of the Meiji Restoration in
Japan?
(a) Japan became a modern industrial nation.
(b) The Tokugawa Shogunate seized control of the
government.
(c) Russia signed a mutual trade agreement.
(d) Japan stayed politically isolated
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Global 10R – 2010-2011 – Midterm Exam – Most Incorrectly Answered Questions
59. Which statement explains the decline in
unemployment rates in Britain between 1914 and 1918?
(a) World War I generated jobs at home in England and
in the military.
(b) Many new jobs were available in Britain’s African
colonies.
(c) Assembly-line production of consumer goods
required more workers.
(d) The British were buying huge amounts of war
materials from the United States
77. Between the Meiji Restoration and World War II,
Japan tried to solve the problem of its scarcity of natural
resources by
(a) exporting agricultural products in exchange for new
technology
(b) establishing a policy of imperialism
(c) building nuclear power plants
(d) cooperating with the Soviet Union to gain needed
resources
“…The replacement of the bourgeoisie by the
proletarian state is impossible without a violent
revolution. The abolition of the proletarian state, i.e., of
all states, is only possible through ‘withering away’…”
-V.I. Lenin, State and Revolution, 1917
Part II: Reading Comprehension
83. Drawing Conclusions
Which conclusion can you draw from this reading?
(a) The Turks were more warlike than the English.
(b) Poisonous gas caused many of the casualties at
Gallipoli
(c) The writer learned the Turkish language during war.
(d) The British paid a terrible price to win Hill 13.
69. The above quotation is associated with the
principles of
(a) imperialism
(c) communism
(b) capitalism
(d) militarism
72. Which is generally a characteristic of a communist
economy?
(a) investment is encouraged by the promise of large
profits
(b) the role of government in the economy is restricted
by law
(c) government agencies are involved in production
planning
(d) entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the
government
74. In the Soviet Union, Vladimir Lenin’s New
Economic Policy (NEP) sought to
(a) increase spending of nuclear weapons
(b) strengthen central planning
(c) increase production through individual enterprise
(d) reduce the influence of middle-class farmers
75. Fascism in Europe during the 1920’s and 1930’s is
best described as a
(a) demonstration of laissez-faire capitalism that
promoted free enterprise
(b) form of totalitarianism that glorified the state above
the individual
(c) type of economic system that stressed a classless
society
(d) set of humanist ideas that emphasized the dignity and
worth of the individual
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Global 10R – 2010-2011 – Midterm Exam – Most Incorrectly Answered Questions
Part II: Reading Comprehension
Base your answers to the multiple choice questions below on the following reading.
A SUFFOLK FARMHAND AT GALLIPOLI
1915
Leonard Thompson
In April 1915, the second year of World War I, Allied forces were sent to the Gallipoli Peninsula in southeastern Europe. The Allied
strategy was to defeat the Turks there and then mount an attack on the Austrians. The campaign was a disaster, resulting in huge
casualties for the Allied forces. Leonard Thompson was an English farmhand who fought at Gallipoli. In the following account, the
horrific nature of World War I trench warfare is revealed.
We arrived at the Dardanelles and saw the guns flashing and heard the rifle fire. They heaved our ship, the River
Clyde, right up to the shore. They had cut a hole in it and made a little pier, so we were able to walk straight off and on to
the beach. We all sat there-on the Hellespont!-waiting for it to get light. The first things we saw were big wrecked Turkish
guns, the second a big marquee. It didn't make me think of the military but of the village fêtes. Other people must have
thought like this because I remember how we all rushed up to it, like boys getting into a circus, and then found it all laced
up. We unlaced it and rushed in. It was full of corpses. Dead Englishmen, lines and lines of them, and with their eyes wide
open. We all stopped talking. I'd never seen a dead man before and here I was looking at two or three hundred of them. It
was our first fear. Nobody had mentioned this. I was very shocked. I thought of Suffolk and it seemed a happy place for
the first time.
Later that day we marched through open country and carne to within a mile and a half of the front line. It was
incredible. We were there-at the war! The place we had reached was called "dead ground" because it was where the
enemy couldn't see you. We lay in little square holes, myself next to James Sears from the village. He was about thirty and
married. That evening we wandered about on the dead ground and asked about friends of ours who had arrived a month or
so ago. "How is Ernie Taylor?"-"Ernie?-he's gone." "Have you seen Albert Paternoster?"" Albert?-he's gone." We learned
that if 300 had "gone" but 700 were left, then this wasn't too bad. We then knew how unimportant our names were.
I was on sentry that night. A chap named Scott told me that I must only put my head up for a second but that in
this time I must see as much as I could. Every third man along the trench was a sentry. The next night we had to move on
to the third line of trenches and we heard that the Gurkhas were going over and that we had to support their rear. But
when we got to the communication trench we found it so full of dead men that we could hardly move. Their faces were
quite black and you couldn't tell Turk from English. There was the most terrible stink and for a while there was nothing
but the living being sick on to the dead. I did sentry again that night. It was one-two-sentry, one-two-sentry all along the
trench, as before. I knew the next sentry up quite well. I remembered him in Suffolk singing to his horses as he ploughed.
Now he fell back with a great scream and a look of surprise-dead. It is quick, anyway, I thought. On June 4th we went
over the top. We took the Turks' trench and held it. It was called Hill 13. The next day we were relieved and told to rest
for three hours, but it wasn't more than half an hour before the relieving regiment carne running back. The Turks had
returned and recaptured their trench. On June 6th my favorite officer was killed and no end of us butchered, but we
managed to get hold of Hill 13 again. We found a great muddle, carnage and men without rifles shouting "Allah! Allah!,'
which is God's name in the Turkish Language. Of the sixty men I had started out to war from Harwich with, there were
only three left.
We set to work to bury people. We pushed them into the sides of the trench but bits of them kept getting
uncovered and sticking out, like people in a badly made bed. Hands were the worst; they would escape from the sand,
pointing, begging even waving! There was one which we all shook when we passed, saying, "Good morning," in a posh
voice. Everybody did it. The bottom of the trench was springy like a mattress because of all the bodies underneath. At
night, when the stench was worse, we tied crêpe round our mouths and noses. This crêpe had been given to us because it
was supposed to prevent us being gassed. The flies entered the trenches at night and lined them completely with a density
which was like moving cloth. We killed millions by slapping our spades along the trench walls but the next night it would
be just as bad…We wept, not because we were frightened but because we were so dirty.
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