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I. CONTINENTAL DRIFT
A. Wegener’s Hypothesis
1. ______________________________ - the continents formed a _________________,
broke up, and _______________________________ to their present location
2. 1st proposed by German scientist _______________________________ in 1912
B. Wegener’s Evidence
1. ________________________________: Certain coast lines of continents seemed
to fit like a _________________________________
a. _______________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________: Fossils of the _____________________
and animals were found in areas that had once _________________________.
a. Mesosaurus fossils were found in _______________________________.
Unlikely these animals swam across the __________________________
3. ________________________________: Coastal mountain ranges that are widely
_________________________ have similar ___________________________.
a. ____________________________ mountains and mountains in northern
_________ (similar age and structure)
4. ________________________________: A tropical ________________ found in
________________ suggests the continents had not always been located
where they are now.
5. Wegener’s evidence __________________________ Theory of Continental Drift
a. Could not explain _____________________________________________
II. Mid – Ocean Ridge + ______________________________________
A. A long ____________________________________ with steep _________________
_________________________ (rift = _________________)
B. ____________________________________________________________ from ridge
1. _______________________ from __________________________ to fill rift, creating
_______________________________________________
2. Rocks/sediment _______________________________________________ and
thinner than sediment farther away
C. ___________________________ Reversals
1. ________________________________ in magma ____________ with Earth’s
magnetic field they solidify, taking on a _________________________________ field
2. Earth’s magnetic field _______________________________________
_________________________ polarity to _________________________ polarity
3. ______________________________ of polarity (normal to reverse, back and forth)
appear _________________________________ a mid-ocean _______________
a. The pattern on one side of a ridge is a ________________________ of the
other side
b. Reversal patterns __________________________________________ rock
D. Wegener Redeemed!
1. _____________________________ was the missing mechanism that _____________
needed to prove his theory
E. Effects of _________________________________
1. Moving continents change ______________________________________ patterns
changing the __________________________
2. ____________________________________ are separated, new
__________________
3. Shorelines change through __________________________
Plate Tectonics Notes
4. _____________________________ form, break apart, _____________________
a. ___________________________ – supercontinent ___________________
III. PLATE TECTONICS
A. _________________ that explains how _______________________________________
1. _____________________________ and ________________________ led to this
theory
B. ________________________ – the _____________________________ of Earth
composed of the ____________________________________________________
1. Broken into puzzle like pieces called __________________
2. ______________________________________
3. Boundaries of plates do not always match ___________________________________
C. ________________________ – the solid, _____________________________________
below the lithosphere
1. ________________________ floats on ________________________ like wood floats
on water
D. Causes Of ___________________________
1. _______________________________________________________ and
________________________ in mantle cause asthenosphere to flow slowly
a. As mantle material moves, it ____________________________________ with it
b. Continents + oceans carried on plates like ______________________________
2. _____________________________________
a. _________________________ – movement of _________________________
due to ________________differences caused by
________________differences
b. deep material ___________________, cools as it moves __________________,
then ___________________________ to heat again
3. _____________________________________
a. New, warm, _______________________rises, pushing its way out of ________
b. Pushes older denser material down and ___________________________
4. _____________________________________
a. Sinking plate creates _______________________________ on material
following it
b. Sinking plate _______________________________ than non sinking plate
E. Classification Of ________________
_________________ Crust
- More _________________
- Made of ______________________________
_________________ Crust
- Less _________________
- Made of _______________________
F. Plate Boundaries
1. _______________________often caused by movement of plates along their
_______________________
2. _______________________also help locate boundaries although some form from
plates moving over _________________________________________
3. Types Of ___________________________________
a. Type determined by _________________________________________
b. _______________________
c. _______________________
Plate Tectonics Notes
d. _______________________
4. _______________________Boundary
a. Plates _______________________from each other
b. Magma rises from ______________________to fill ______________________
c. Cools to form new _______________________
Ex. _________________________________________
5. _______________________Boundary
a. Plates _______________________into each other
b. Result depends on _______________________in each plate
1) _________________________________________collision
2) _________________________________________collision
3) _________________________________________collision
c. _________________________________________
1) Oceanic crust is denser so it ___________________under continental crust.
2) _______________________form
3) Hot crust rises to form _______________________
Ex. _________________________________________
d. _________________________________________
1) They crumple and rise
2) Form large mountain range
Ex: _________________________________________
e. _________________________________________
1) __________________________________ to form a ___________________
2) Sinking plate melts, magma rises, forms _____________________________
Ex: ___________________
6. Transform Boundary
a. 2 plates ____________________________________________ horizontally
b. They don’t __________________________________
c. __________________________________ formed (different from other 2 types)
Ex:_________________________________________
Plate Tectonics Notes