Download Greece 1 COWH

COWH
Where They Came From
Economy: Olive (oil- fuel, food, body) & Grapes
 Earliest, developed
around 2000 BCE
 King Minos @ Crete
• Palace @ Knossos
 Famous
for frescoes
 Sailors/traders
throughout islands
Knossos
Writing system: Linear B
 Famous
for sports (first open arena)
• Boxing
• Bull leaping (coed)
 Legend
of the
Labyrinth
• “Double-Headed Axe”
(Labrys)
• Theseus vs. Minotaur
legend
 1628
BCE- Tidal
wave destroys
coastal areas
 1400 BCEMycenaeans
conquer Crete
 Settled in Peloponnesus
 Raided by land and sea
 Built walled fortress-cities
• King offered protection in exchange for goods/work
 Warriors at heart
 Took over Minoans; in turn fell 1200 BCE
“Agamemnon Mask”

Troy- major trading city
• Controlled route to Black Sea

Story in Iliad and Odyssey
(Homer)
• Paris (Troy) loves Helen
(Mycenaean)
• Helen taken to Troy

Mycenaean siege of Troy
for 10 years
• Wooden horse
• Odysseus’ return journey
Important role of gods and
goddesses
 http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=YbiR6IMf5KQ

Plain of Troy
 City-states (polis)
• City and its surrounding
•
•
•
•
lands
Independent and selfsufficient
<10,000 people, small %
were free adult males
Acropolis (hill) & agora
(marketplace)
Own gov’t, laws, currency,
calendar, etc.
Acropolis at Athens
 Aristocrats- “best
men” nobles
who controlled city-state
• Only ones w/ money & power before
600s BCE
 Hoplites- heavy infantry w/ spear
• Essential to city-state protection
(citizen-soldier)
• Defeated aristocrats’ horses/chariots
I am essential to city-state
defense, so I deserve fair
and just rulers!
 Tyrants-
illegally took power but had
people’s support (lasted 650-500 BCE)
Overthrow led to
 Popular
Gov’t- concept that people can
rule themselves
 Democracy- government in which all
citizens participate (Athens)
 Some return to aristocracies/monarchy
(Sparta)
 VAST network of gods and goddesses
 Myths created to explain the things
• Oracles- human voices of gods
Zeus
Hera
Poseidon
Hades
Demeter
Hestia
Ares
Hephaestus
Hebe
Eris
Apollo
Artemis
Dionysus
Persephone
Athena
Aphrodite
Hermes
King of Gods & Sky
Queen of Gods, Marriage, Women
Sea
Underworld
Agriculture
Hearth
War
Fire & Forge
Youth
Discord
Sun, Medicine, Art
Moon & Hunt
Wine
Spring
Wisdom, War, Civilization
Love & Beauty
Commerce (Messenger)
 Greek
athletic games honoring Zeus
 Held every 4 years
 Only men watched/competed
 First held in 776 BCE