Download GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM

GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM
A golden age is a time of peace, prosperity,
and great cultural achievements.
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• While Europe was just emerging from the Dark
Ages, the Middle East was experiencing an
intellectual Golden Age
– This Golden Age lasted from the 8th century to
the 13th century
Islam spread through conquest and trade.
The Abbasid dynasty ruled a vast empire.
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The Islamic Golden Age
• During the Islamic golden age, there were
great advances in mathematics, geometry,
algebra, science, astronomy, medicine,
architecture, and the arts.
• It is important to remember that under the
Abbasids, Islam became a blending of many
cultures leading to great achievements.
• Preservation of Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic
culture
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Social and Economic Advances
Muslim leaders unite
many diverse cultures
Egyptians
Europeans
Arabs
Persians
Turks
Africans
Mongols
Indians
Southeast Asians
Muhammad forbade making images of God
or people. Islamic artists frequently used
geometric designs in their works of
art.
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International Trade Network
built by the Muslims
• Merchants were honored in
the Muslim culture
• They were seen as “God’s
trusted servants on Earth.”
• Camel caravans crossed the
Sahara.
• African, Muslim, Jewish and
Christian traders traveled
the Silk Road to China
• Encouraged cultural
diffusion
• Traveled Silk Road and monsoon winds took
them to India as well
• Set up partnerships, bought and sold on
credit, formed banks to change currency
• Developed first checks, Arabic word sakk
• Branches in all major cities
Trade
• Spread products,
technology,
knowledge and
culture.
• Arabic numerals
became well
known and
helped the global
exchange grow
and thrive.
New Business Practices for Muslims
• Created partnerships
• Bought and sold on
credit
• Formed banks for
exchange of currency
• Invented bank checks
• New system of
accounting
Highly valued manufactured goods
• Manufacturing organized by guilds
• Regulated prices, methods of production and
the quality of the product.
• Produced steel swords from Damascus
leather goods from Cordoba
cotton textiles from Egypt
carpets from Persia
Agriculture
• Produced sugar cane, cotton, dyes, medicinal herbs,
fruits, vegetables, and flowers
• Desert everywhere so scarcity of water
• Massive irrigation projects and drained swamplands
between Tigris and Euphrates
Muslims seek knowledge
• Boys and girls receive elementary education
which emphasized reading and writing
• Needed so everyone could read the Quran.
Center of learning
• Baghdad is the
greatest Muslim
center of learning.
• Advances in
philosophy, math
and medicine.
• They also translated
older texts into
Arabic.
• The Muslims learned how to make paper and
print from the Chinese
• They used the printing press to print books and
spread knowledge
• Had many schools, learning was important
Medicine
• Physicians and pharmacists
had to pass tests to practice.
• Governments set up hospitals.
• Physicians traveled to the sick
and visited jails.
LITERATURE
Tales
• Art of story telling
• The Thousand and One Nights
• Many of these stories set in
Baghdad of Huran al-Rashid
• Aladdin and His Magic Lamp
• Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
Muslim
mathematicians
also
made
advances
in algebra
and geometry.
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Muslims borrowed the concept of zero
from India and developed Arabic numerals.
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Arab scholars made many
mathematical advances.
Arab mathematicians developed
what became our modern number
system.
The study of algebra was
pioneered by al-Khwarizmi in the
800s.
List of inventions made by Muslims during their
Golden Age:
Windmill
Coffee
Lute
Guitar
Camera
Scissors
Bar soap
Toothbrush
Toothpaste
Deodorant
Algebra
Algorithms
Glasses
Lipstick
Fountain Pen
Hospitals
Pioneered medications and surgical instruments
Academic degree granting universities
Public libraries
Restaurants
Navigational astrolabe
Globes
Distillation
water-powered clocks
Automata
• After the Crusades, many of these Muslim ideas
and inventions were brought back to Europe
• Trade was also established as many Europeans
wanted the spices and foods that the Muslims
had to offer
• This led to the beginnings of a commercial
revolution as Europeans began to open banks and
use currency again
• All of this helped to give rise to the Renaissance in
Europe