Download NAME

INTRODUCTION TO FETAL PIG DISSECTION
1. What is the rationale for dissecting pigs? Why fetal pigs?
2. List 3 common sense rules that must be considered when dissecting and
participating in a lab of this nature?
1.
2.
3.
3. Recall appropriate lab protocol.
4. Clean Up
Wash hands with soap and water;
Wash desks and tools (remember there are students using these desks
after you each day);
Spray desk with disinfectant;
Make sure the sink are and is clean and clear of any materials or items that
have been left behind;
Place the pig in a plastic pail to keep them moist;
Place in refrigerator
DISSECTION PROTOCOL
Consider the following points:
Must be performed carefully and patiently
Be sure to follow instructions (read the outline to be prepared for the
next day’s procedures);
Only use disposable gloves if actively participating in the dissection; if you
plan on just touching and moving structures, use only 1 glove to avoid being
wasteful;
Gently rinse the specimen under running water if necessary if it has
excessive preservative;
Dissecting instruments are sharp and must be handled with care; Explain
how to properly use scalpels;
Use light pressure when cutting and cut gradually through the layers of
tissue;
ALWAYS THOROUGHLY WASH YOUR HANDS WITH SOAP AND
WATER AFTER COMPLETING YOUR DISSECTION WORK!!!
Respect the creature (he/she was sacrificed for your learning);
Dive in with both hands, have fun and enjoy the experience.
USE YOUR TIME WISELY, 38 MINUTES GOES FAST!!!
FETAL PIG DISSECTION
Refer to pages 506-511 in the textbook, additional research will be required
DAY 1
INTRODUCTION:
1. Explain the difference between the following pair of terms: [3]
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Medial. Lateral
Superior, Inferior
Anterior, Posterior
Dorsal, Ventral
Cranial, Caudal
Proximal, Distal
2. Sketch a diagram of the human body and show the difference between a
sagittal section and a transverse section. [1]
3. Why is the fetal pig a good choice for a specimen to dissect in order to
understand human anatomy? [1]
4. What must be kept in mind concerning the fetal pig as you examine it? [1]
EXTERNAL ANATOMY
1. What is the age of your fetal pig? (refer to page 507) Explain the correlation
between the length of the pig and its gestational age. [1]
2. What is the sex of your specimen? Explain the differences between males
and females. [2]
3. What is the purpose of the umbilical cord? Explain. [1]
4. How many nipples (teats, mammary papillae) are there? Do both sexes have
them? [1]
5. How is the structure of pinna (external ear) related to its function? [1]
6. The nares are located dorsal to the mouth. What function do they have? [1]
7. What is the function of the nictitating membrane of the eyes? Do humans
have a nictitating membrane? [2]
8. Describe the texture of the skin of the pig. Is there hair? Are there any
other characteristics of the skin? [2]
9. How are the feet of the pig different from the human hand and foot? How
does a pig walk? Compare the front feet to the back feet. [2]
10. Will the knee on the back leg of the pig be found on the anterior or posterior
side of the leg? [1]
FETAL PIG DISSECTION
Refer to pages 506-511 in the textbook, additional research will be required
DAY 2
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the purpose of the salivary gland? [1]
How is the shape and location of each tooth related to its function? [1]
How do the pig’s teeth compare to human teeth? [1]
Describe the shape and texture of the tongue. Where is it attached to the
mouth? [1]
5. Where are the taste papillae which contain the taste buds located? [1]
6. How does the tongue of the fetal pig compare with the human tongue? [1]
7. The space above the soft palate is the nasopharynx. What is its function? [1]
8. The epiglottis is a small piece of cartilage located near the glottis. What is
its function? [1]
9. Which is dorsal and which is ventral – the trachea or the esophagus? [1]
10. Define mesentery. What is its purpose in the abdominal cavity? [2]
11. Compare the muscle section in the thoracic area with the abdominal area.
Describe. [1]
12. Describe the shape of the liver. List 3 functions of the liver. [3]
13. What is the function of the pancreas? [1]
14. Where is the cecum located? What structure can be found at the end of the
cecum in humans? [1]
15. How is the shape and location of the fetal pig’s colon different from the
human colon? [1]
16. Describe the external shape of the stomach. [1]
17. Describe the lining of the stomach. What are rugae? [1]
FETAL PIG DISSECTION
Refer to pages 506-511 in the textbook, additional research will be required
DAY 3
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:
1. Locate the pulmonary arteries. Why are they coloured with blue latex? [1]
2. Locate the pulmonary veins. Why are they coloured with red latex? [1]
3. The thin membrane surrounding the heart is called the pericardium and the
surface of the heart shows the coronary arteries. What is the function of
the coronary arteries? What happens if coronary arteries are blocked? [2]
4. Compare the thickness of the muscle walls of each chamber of the heart.
Why are there differences? [1]
5. What controls the flow of blood between the chambers? Name them and give
their location. [2]
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Describe the trachea. What is the purpose of the bands of cartilage? [1]
Where are the vocal cords located? [1]
Locate the thyroid gland? What is the function of the thyroid gland? [1]
Locate the thymus gland? What is the function of the thymus gland? [1]
Describe the external features of the lungs. How many lobes can you find in
each lung? [1]
6. A thin membrane covers the lung. What is it called and what is its purpose?
[2]
7. Describe the diaphragm. What is its function? [1]
EVALUATION
DAY 1
INTRODUCTION
/6
EXTERNAL ANATOMY
/ 14
DAY 2
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
/ 20
DAY 3
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
/7
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
/8
TOTAL
/ 55