Download WH Semester 1 Review Answers

1. What are the 5 traits of a civilization?
centers of trade (cities); advanced technology; specialized workers; written language;
complex institutions (government & religion)
2.
__________ Humanity’s past based upon written records
History
3. The 3 major times periods of Western civilization are: ______________, _______________ and
modern.
Ancient - 4000 B.C.-A.D. 500; Medieval- 500 - 1400; Modern- 1400 - present
4. What specific geographical feature allowed Paleolithic peoples to enter North America?
Bering Strait
5. Describe the difference between Paleolithic & Neolithic times.
Paleolithic Age was defined by people being nomadic and serving as
hunters/gatherers.
The Neolithic Agricultural Revolution describes the way life changed when people
settled in villages and domesticated animals.
6. What is cultural diffusion?
The spread of ideas, customs, and technology from one people to another through
migration, trade, and warfare
7. Identify the three major time periods or eras for Western Civilization.
Ancient - 4000 B.C.-A.D. 500; Medieval- 500 - 1400; Modern- 1400 - present
8. What became the world’s first written law code?
Hammurabi’s Code
9. What are the 3 major monotheistic religions? Briefly describe each.
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
10. What was the Silk Road and what impact did it have?
A trade route that connected the “East” to the “West”
11. Know important details of the following early civilizations:
a. Mesopotamia
b. Egypt
c. China
d. India
12. Describe ethical monotheism
The idea introduced by the Israelites that one’s behavior should be based on a moral
code following the laws of one God
13. On which peninsula is Greece located?
Balkan Peninsula
14. Which conflict was fought between Mycenae and Troy and written about by Homer?
Trojan War
15. Who were the members of Rome’s First Triumvirate?
It was formed by Julius Caesar, and included 3 people in total
16. Why was Julius Caesar assassinated?
The Roman Senate feared he would become too powerful (a king)
17. Who were the members of Rome’s Second Triumvirate?
Will not be on test, disregard.
18. Who became the first emperor of the Roman Empire?
Octavian (Augustus)
19. What influences did the United States take from Ancient Greece & Ancient Rome?
Many aspects of our government, such as democracy.
20. __________ An aristocratic Roman citizen
Plebian
21. __________ A common Roman citizen
Patrician
22. List & describe the levels of Feudalism in Medieval Europe
King/Church
Lord
Knight
Serf
23. __________ The law of the Catholic Church
Canon Law
24. Describe the influence of the Catholic Church on Medieval Europe
Heavily influenced the life of all involved, from king to serfs.
25. What are the religious books for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
Judaism- Torah
Christianity- Bible
Islam- Quaran
26. What were the 5 relationships focused on in Confucianism?
Brother-Brother, Son-Father, Husband-Wife, Ruler-Ruled, Friend-Friend
27. What city became known as the “city of the prophet” in the Islamic faith?
Medina
28. Describe the feudal pyramid that defined Medieval Europe
King/Church
Lord
Knight
Serf
29. When did Rome fall?
476 AD
30. What is “autocratic” rule?
Rule by one person
31. What is “theocratic” rule?
Rule by a religious leader
32. What is the difference in a monotheistic religion and a polytheistic religion?
Monotheistic- One god
Polytheistic- More than one god
33. What was the official policy of the Qin dynasty?
Legalism
34. How did the Zhou Dynasty justify its rule?
Mandate of Heaven
35. Which Chinese dynasty began the Great Wall?
Qin
36. Which Chinese dynasty introduced Buddhism to China?
Han
37. How did the Twelve Tables impact life for the Plebians of Rome?
It gave them more voice and involvement in government matters
38. What city has significant meaning to both Judaism, Christianity and Islam?
Jerusalem
39. The Treaty of Verdun ended the civil war taking place in what empire?
Charlemagne’s Empire
40. What disease wiped out up to ½ of Europe’s population during the Middle Ages?
The Black Death
Describe the significance of the following people
41. Hammurabi- Write the world’s first code of law
42. Alexander the Great- Greek ruler who
43. Julius Caesar- Leader of Rome’s First Triumvirate who was eventually assassinated because of
his popularity and the fear by Senate members that he would become a king
44. Charlemagne- His dynasty was the last to fall before Europe slipped into the “Middle Ages” and
feudalism
45. Pepin the Short- Granted the Papal States to the Catholic Church
46. Octavian/Augustus- First emperor of Rome
Study major accomplishments/descriptors for the following early civilizations
47.
48.
49.
50.
Sumer
Egypt
India
China
Fill-in-the-Blank
51. The spread of ideas, customs, and technology from one people to another
through migration, trade, and warfare is called cultural diffusion.
52. Most scientists believe the Bering land bridge allowed people to migrate
from Asia to North America thousands of years ago.
53. One reasons the earliest civilization developed at the eastern end of the Fertile Crescent
in present-day Iraq was that the rivers in the area provided favorable conditions for
agriculture.
54. One reasons the earliest civilization developed at the eastern end of the Fertile Crescent
in present-day Iraq was that the rivers in the area provided favorable conditions for
agriculture.
55. A result of the Persian Wars was that Athens became the dominant Greek city-state.
56. A result of the civil war fought between Athens and Sparta was that totalitarianism
(kind of government) defeated democracy (kind of government).
57. Alexander the Great’s most lasting contribution was the assimilation of the Greek
culture with other cultures.
58. A similarity between ancient Athens and modern America is that both practiced popular
sovereignty
59. The Romans became suspicious of the motives of any monarchy, they chose instead to
establish a kind of rule based on a republic
Roman ideas that the framers of the U. S. Constitution eventually adopted
were a) the Senate, b) checks and balances on political power, c) and the
power to veto.
61. The Romans established control of foreign lands and peoples by practicing the policy of
60.
imperialism.
62. Julius Caesar was assassinated by senate enemies because they feared he planned to
become king.
63. The major result of the three Punic Wars was that Roman culture continued through the
ages rather than the culture of Carthage.
64. The founder of Christianity was born in the Roman region called Palestine during the
reign of Roman Emperor Augustus.
65. The significance of the Battle of Tours is that Major Domo Martel hammered the
Muslims out of Christian France.
66. Pepin the Short, “King of the Franks by the grace of God,” gave the pope Italian lands
called the Papal States
67. Feudalism developed in Western Europe there was no longer a strong, centralized
government to keep law and order.
68. The economic system of feudalism revolved around self-sufficient manors because it
was not safe to leave the manor Serfs were responsible for keeping the manor
self-sufficient because there was little or no trade.
69. Medina became known as the “city of the prophet” because this is where Muhammad
converted the first Muslims.
70. The religious groups that Muhammad considered to be “People of the Book” are Jews &
Christians
71. List the three reasons for the Muslims’ early conquests of foreign lands: a)
to spread their religions through jihads; b) to relieve overcrowding on
the Arabian Peninsula; and
c) the Persian and Byzantine Empires
were to weak to resist Muslim invasion
72. The old Ottoman Empire is now the country of Turkey
73. This city, located near the Nile, became a center of Islamic learning: Alexandria
74. The Pax Mongolica can be compared to ancient Rome’s time of peace and prosperity.
75. The Tang and the Song showed a high respect for education by allowing young men to
study for civil service exams to enter government employment.
76. Chinese merchants were considered the lowest in Chinese society was because they
made their living on the backs of laborers.
77. A way the Ming emperors tried to restore Chinese culture was by re-introducing the
civil service exams.
78. A purpose of China’s Zheng He’s overseas expeditions was to bring together
the continents and the seas
79. The Grand Canal connected Beijing, the Hwang Ho, and Yangtze Rivers for grain
shipping grain.
80. Ancient Chinese Buddhist built these throughout China. _pagodas ___________
81. This was a technique used to limit the mobility of women in Ancient China. _____foot
binding______________
82. Elaborate drawing were depicted on this using black ink.
____________SILK___________
83. Explosive material design first for elaborate light shows and celebration and later was
used for warfare. ________Gun Powder_____________
84. Way of life that dictated the Ancient Chinese Civilization. ___Confucianism
_________________
85. Who united the tribal Mongol people? _________Kublai Khan________________
86. Pax Mongolica, the Mongolian golden age is followed by the rein of ?
87. What was the name Kublai Khan took after he integrated Chinese culture into the Mongol
way of life? Yuan
88. Which Confucian tradition best exemplifies the relationship between China and Korea?
Older Brother younger brother
89. Use the following terms to complete the Japanese Feudal Pyramid:
Samurai Peasant Shogun Artisans Daimyo Merchants Emperor
90. The Merovingian Dynasty ruled which barbaric tribe? ______Franks _______________
91. The significance of the Battle of Tours is that Charles Martel ______Hammered the
Muslims out of Christian Gaul ___________________________
92. ___Charlemagne _______________________ began the Carolingian Dynasty
93. What happened after the treaty of Verdun was signed? The Empire was weak and was
attacked ________________________
94. Court used to try Heretics? _________Inquisition _____________
95. Free labor tax paid by serfs to their lords to work the lands?
__corvee____________________
96. Worldly interest by the Church? ___secular_________________
97. What is the significance of the Major Domo? ____Mayor of the palace of a weak
Morgovian Dynasty whose power eventually became hereditary.
98. What was the role of a journeyman? _____salary paid worker who works to create a
masterpiece to be accepted by the guild.
99. What are the three types of trials of Germanic Justice? Trial by jury, trial by combat, trial
by compurgation