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Chap 14, Sect 4 (The Yuan and Ming Dynasties) Yuan Dynasty -Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes and became their leader in 1206. - Genghis Khan organized the Mongols into a powerful army and led them on a bloody expedition of conquest. -He first leads his armies into northern China in 1211. -By the time of Genghis Khan’s death in 1227, all of northern China was under Mongol control. -Kublai Khan became ruler of the Mongol empire and completed the conquest of China in 1279. This becomes the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. - For the first time, the Chinese were ruled by foreigners who wore different clothing, spoke diff Ming Dynasty -Ming China was the most stable & prosperous times in Chinese history. -Chinese improved their ships & funded many voyages by Zheng He. He traveled all the way to Mesopotamia & the eastern coast of Africa. -Zheng He’s journeys served as a sign of China’s power & wealth. - Great Building Projects (ex: Forbidden City, temples, restored the Great Wall, gov’t buildings) -In the 1430s, China entered a period of isolationism. This is a policy of avoiding contact with other countries. -Westerners were then able to gain influence in Chinese affairs. Partly due to its isolation, and lack of lang, & had diff customs. The progress, China was too Chinese resented it. weak to stop them. - Kublai Kahn allowed Chinese to keep their traditions, but placed heavy taxes on them in order to control them. -used tax $ to pay for gov’t projects (ex: new roads, Grand Canal, palaces, postal system, new capital) -Sea trade between China, India, & SE Asia continued (including a traveler named Marco Polo). -A Chinese rebel army wins over the Mongols and their dynasty ends in the 1300s.