* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Key Terms Popular sovereignty- people in the territory or state would
Survey
Document related concepts
Border states (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution wikipedia , lookup
Mississippi in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Opposition to the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Union (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
South Carolina in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United Kingdom and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Hampton Roads Conference wikipedia , lookup
Origins of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United States presidential election, 1860 wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Key Terms Popular sovereignty- people in the territory or state would vote directly on issues rather than having their elected representatives decide secede- to withdraw fugitive- runaway slaves propaganda- false or misleading information that is spread to further a cause Civil war- a war between opposing groups of citizens of the same country Key People Henry Clay- the great compromiser; came up with a series of proposals to resolve bitter debates John Calhoun- from the south and was against compromise and thought it was an attack on slavery and there was only 2 ways to protect the south: states’ rights and secession Daniel Webster- from the north and supported compromise to preserve the union Dred Scott- slave who sues for his freedom because he lived in a free state Roger B. Taney- chief justice of supreme court who decides the dred scott case Abraham Lincoln- Illinois lawyer against the dred scott decision; pro-union; debated against douglas Harriet Beecher Stowe – author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin Stephen Douglas- pushed the Kansas-Nebraska act through to build railroads in the west John Brown- led a raid at pottawatomie creek killing 5 people Key Ideas The Wilmot Proviso New land from the Mexican-American war didn’t fall under the Missouri compromise David Wilmot proposed no slavery in the new territory It doesn’t pass but scares the south many southerners viewed it as an attack on slavery An Antislavery Party Free-Soil Party Democrats and whigs didn’t take sides on slavery Popular sovereignty was considered to decide slavery’s fate, but didn’t happen General Zachary Taylor (whig) becomes the 12th president but dies in office making millard fillmore the 13th president The Compromise of 1850 Congress passes 5 of Clay’s proposals President Taylor disagreed with it, but he dies in office and Millard Fillmore takes over and approves of it To Please the North California is admitted as a free state Slave trade banned in america’s capital, Washington DC To Please the South Popular sovereignty will be used to decide slavery for the rest of the Mexican cession Fugitive Slave Act of 1850: allowed government officials to arrest any person accused of being a slave and required northerners to help capture them Outrage in the North Northerners were outraged to see people being accused of being fugitives deprived of their freedom Instead of forcing northerners to admit slave owners had rights to slavery, every time the law was enforced it convinced more people that slavery was evil strengthened the abolition movement Uncle Tom’s Cabin Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet met many escaped slaves because her father was an abolitionist minister Slavery becomes a moral issue It was a bestseller in the north people now viewed slavery as a moral problem facing every american Southerners were outraged by her book and criticized it as propaganda claiming the novel didn’t paint a fair picture of slavery The Kansas-Nebraska Act Pushed through by Senator Stephen Douglas because he wanted to develop railroads in the west Add Kansas and Nebraska territories to the union Allow each territory to decided slavery by popular sovereignty Essentially undoes the Missouri compromise Passed by Franklin Pierce, the 14th president South- liked it and was sure that slave owners would move in the territories and make them slave states North- outraged and hated it Bleeding Kansas Elections are held, but results are incorrect Thousands of Missourians came into Kansas to illegally vote for slavery Of 39 legislators who voted, only 3 didn’t support slavery they called for second election Growing Violence Two governments form-proslavery and antislavery- who claimed the right to govern In reaction to a proslavery attack on Lawrence Kansas, John Brown led 7 men to a proslavery settlement near Pottawatomie creek and murdered 5 proslavery men and boys Violence grew so badly Kansas got the name bleeding kansas The Brooks-Sumner Incident Congressman Preston Brooks savagely beats Congressmen Charles Sumner with a cane in the senate South- felt sumner got what he deserved North- even more convinced that slavery was brutal and inhuman A New Antislavery Party Republican party forms when whig party split apart Its main goal was to stop the spread of slavery in the western territories Election of 1854- republican victories in the house of representatives Ran its first candidate for president- John Fremont James Buchanan becomes 15th presdient but Fremont came in close The Dred Scott Decision Dred Scott vs. Sandford Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom and said that he was free because he lived where slavery was illegal The Court Decides Chief Justice Roger B. Taney wrote the decision for the court 1) Scout has no right to sue because he’s property, not a citizen 2) Living in a free territory doesn’t make slaves free 3) Congress doesn’t have the power to prohibit slavery in any territory 4) Missouri Compromise declared unconstitutional Reaction Slavery supporters rejoiced Northerners were shocked and angry that slavery was spreading It brought more white people against slavery Abraham Lincoln- Illinois lawyer who spoke out against the ruling The Lincoln-Douglas Debates Lincoln- elected to congress as a whig and voted for the Wilmot proviso, opposed the Kansas-Nebraska act with the republicans Rival- stephen douglas personal and political A House Divided Illinois republicans chose Lincoln to run for senate against douglas Lincoln was pro-union, not antislavery Debating Slavery Douglas strongly defended popular sovereignty and painted Lincoln as a dangerous abolitionist who wanted equality for African Americans Lincoln took a stand against the spread of slavery and said slavery would die on its own and Americans should keep it out of the west Douglas won the senate seat, but the debates made Lincoln known throughout the country John Brown’s Raid John Brown wanted to raise an army and free slaves in the south Harper’s Ferry Brown’s plan: seize the guns in harper’s ferry give the ammunition to the slaves they lead a revolt Robert E. Lee captures brown and his force Brown was found guilty and was executed North- felt sympathy for brown and mourned him South- shocked and angry that the north was mourning brown convinced that the north was out to destroy their way of life Election of 1860 Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate Democrat party split into north and south democrats Stephen Douglas- North democrat John Breckinridge- South democrat john bell- Constitutional Union Party Lincoln won in all free states, Breckinridge won in all slave states but four- bell won 3 and douglas won 1 (Missouri) Lincoln got 40% of popular vote but enough electoral votes to win Southern States Secede Lincoln’s election shocked and scared the south South felt like they had no voice and that president and congress were against them South Carolina is the 1st state to secede from the union The Confederate States of America 6 more states followed South Carolina and seceded The 7 states formed the confederate states of America By the time Lincoln took office, they wrote a constitution and named Jefferson Davis their president The Civil War Begins In his inaugural address, Lincoln told the southern states he meant them no harm and that he didn’t want to interfere with slavery in the south Lincoln’s friendship was rejected South takes over all federal offices- how should Lincoln react? Fort Sumter the fort refused to surrender to the south the south decided to starve them and put the fort under siege the south then opened fire on the fort and they surrendered Why War Came Fort sumter was the beginning of the civil war Lincoln didn’t want to go to war, but had to because the south attacked Presidents 1-16 Presidents What they did 1 George Washington None Establishes america’s federal government 2 John Adams Federalist Alien and Sedition acts 3 Thomas Jefferson Republican Louisiana purchase and French-Indian war 4 James Madison Republican President during the war of 1812 5 James Monroe Republican Era of good feelings 6 John Quincy Adams National Republican Corrupt bargain 7 Andrew Jackson Democrat Bringing true democracy to America 8 Martin Van Buren Democrat Panic of 1837 9 William Harrison Whig Dies in office 10 John Tyler Whig Annexation of texas 11 James Polk Democrat Achieving manifest destiny 12 Zachary Taylor Whig General during the Mexican american war, but dies in office 13 Millard Fillmore Whig Passes the Great Compromise of 1850 14 Franklin Pierce Democrat Passes the Kansas-Nebraska Act 15 James Buchanan Democrat Just beats new republican party candidate, fremont 16 Abraham Lincoln Republican President during the civil war; pro-union