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Section 7-3 Skeleton Notes Name: ____________________________________ Class: __________________ Outside of cell Proteins Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Carbohydrate chains Lipid bilayer FLUID MOSAIC MODEL OF CELL MEMBRANES The Cell Membrane consists of ___ thin layers of ___________________that separate the cell's content from the world around it. The TWO Phospholipid LAYERS are together are called a __________________ _____________________. Membranes are FLUID and have the consistency of vegetable oil if they contain ________________________________ fatty acids. The Lipids and Proteins of the Cell Membrane are always in motion. Phospholipids are able to drift across the membrane, changing places with their neighbor. Proteins in and on the membrane Form PATTERNS, or mosaics. Scientists call the modern view of Membrane Structure the ___________ _____________ Model. Each ___________________ consists of TWO FATTY ACIDS (TAILS), and PHOSPHATE GROUP (HEADS). The "Head" is _____________ and Two "Tails" are ___________________. The two ends of the Phospholipid Molecule have different properties in Water. The Phosphate Head is ______________________ meaning "WATER LOVING", and orient themselves toward water The Lipid Tails are _________________________ meaning "WATERFEARING", and tend to orient themselves away from water. MEMBRANE PROTEINS A Variety of PROTEIN MOLECULES are EMBEDDED in the Lipid Bilayer. Integral Proteins exposed to the Cell's External environment often have carbohydrates attached to them serve as identification badges that allow cells to recognize each other and may act as Site where viruses or chemical messengers such as hormones can attach. 1. Briefly describe the main functions of a cell membrane. o o o 2. Define the term selectively permeable. o o o 3. Concentration Gradients a. The concentration of a solution is the ____________________ of solute in a given ____________________ of solution b. Distinguish between active and passive transport c. When does active transport occur? Molecule to be carried Energy Molecule being carried 4. Define diffusion- a. b. c. 5. When the concentration of the solute is the same throughout a system, the system has reached ____________________. During diffusion, substances will tend to move from an area of ____________________ concentration to an area of ____________________ concentration. 6. Define osmosis. o 7. Is osmosis a form of active transport or passive transport? Explain. 8. Describe the direction water will move in each of the following cases. A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. A cell is placed in an hypotonic solution. A cell is placed in a Isotonic solution. 9. What is plasmolysis- 10. What are the two types of Bulk movement across cell membranes? Do these require energy (active transport). 11. Describe what happens to large molecules, such as food particles, during Endocytosis. o o o 12. What is the difference between Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis? 13. Describe what happens during exocytosis. o o o