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Name: ________________________
Period: _________
Leaders
Unit One: Colonies Chart
New Hampshire
(New England)
- Founded by John
Mason (England) in
1623
- John Wheelwright
- Gov. Sir John
Wentworth
- part of Mass. until
Royal Charter
received in 1679
- fishing
- furs
- forest (shipyards)
- difficult to farm
- Triangular trade
(rum/slaves/
molasses)
Reason the colony
was settled
- create fishing
colony
- began to grow
when people left
Mass for political,
religious, and
economic reasons
Rhode Island
(New England)
- Founded by Roger
Williams (1636);
Hutchinson joined
- Providence
- founded on
separation
church/state
- Received charter
from English
Parliament 1644
- Separatists
(Puritans) from
England via Holland
- William Bradford
elected Gov. 30
times (Pilgrim)
- John Winthrop
(Puritan)
- fishing
- furs
- forest (shipyards)
- difficult to farm
- Triangular trade
(rum/slaves/
molasses)
- Williams (and Anne
Hutchinson) banished
from Mass. b/c
beliefs. Minister in
Salem; challenged
Puritan rule (taking
Indians’ land).
- Fishing, furs, forests
- farming difficult
- Triangular trade
- Govt based on will of
the majority
- Became Royal Colony
in 1691
- Boston significant
- Pilgrims fleeing
persecution, looking
for religious freedom.
Created Mayflower
Compact (form of
govt) before landing
at Plymouth 1620
- Puritans (separatists
from Anglican
Church) came: 20K
by 1640
Massachusetts
(New England)
Economic activity
Relations with
Native Americans
- New England
Confederation created
to defense against
Indians, Dutch, and
French
- King Philip’s War
(1675-78) greatly
defeated natives
Religion
- More freedom than in
Mass. (reason to settle)
- Williams believed in
freedom of religion and
separation of
church/state
- First colony to
guarantee all citizens
freedom of worship
- New England
Confederation created
to defense against
Indians, Dutch, and
French
- King Philip’s War
(1675-78) greatly
defeated natives
- Puritans (pious, selfdisciplined) only
Name: ________________________
Period: _________
Connecticut
(New England)
Pennsylvania
(Middle)
Delaware
(Middle)
New Jersey
(Middle)
- Founded by
Thomas Hooker in
1636
- Pastor of church
in Cambridge, MA;
led congregation to
Hartford
- first written
constitution in
America
- Received charter
1662 confirming
self-government
- Founded by
William Penn in
1682
- fishing
- furs
- forest (shipyards)
- better farming then
rest of New England
- Triangular trade
(rum/slaves/
molasses)
- Hooker led group
leaving Mass. b/c
harsh rules
- wanted more
freedom and financial
opportunities
- New England
Confederation created
to defense against
Indians, Dutch, and
French
- King Philip’s War
(1675-78) greatly
defeated natives
- Pequot War (16361637) by end of war,
Pequot Indians
decimated
- Not as religious
- one of the largest and
richest by 1700
- farming grain
- livestock
- trading with New
England (raw materials
for manufactured items)
- peaceful; fair
treatment
- trade
- Quakers had been
persecuted in England
- Freedom of worship
and religion for all
citizens
- opposed violence,
rank, and pride
- Part of New
Sweden (part of
New Netherland)
founded by Peter
Minuit in 1682
- Duke of York
renamed Delaware
(same time NY)
- New Sweden Company
- farming grain
- livestock
- trading with New
England (raw materials
for manufactured items)
- “holy experiment”
- Quakers escaping
persecution in
England
- representative
assembly elected by
all landowners
- also business
venture
- Part of Penn. and
governed by Penn.
until Revolutionary
War
- Penn granted own
assembly in 1701
- Began as land given
by friend James,
Duke of York as a
business venture
- traded
- Freedom of religion
- Berkeley and Carteret
sold to Quakers in 1702
- Founded by Lord
Berkeley and Sir
George Carteret in
1664
- Became Royal
Colony in 1702
- Colony gave liberal
land grants
- Quickly grew
- farming grain
- livestock
- trading with New
England (raw materials
for manufactured items)
Name: ________________________
Period: _________
New York
(Middle)
- Founded by Duke
of York in 1664
- Became Royal
Colony in 1685
- farming grain
- livestock
- trading with New
England (raw materials
for manufactured items)
- Originally New
Netherland (Dutch)
- In 1664 Duke of
York had bloodless
takeover
- Albany Congress
(1754) helped unite
colonies for defense
against Iroquois
Confederacy
Virginia
(Southern)
- Jamestown first
permanent English
settlement (1607) by
London Company
- King James
revoked Virginia
Company’s charter
when bankrupt in
1624
- John Smith
- John Rolfe
- Nathaniel Bacon
- Cash crops (tobacco,
rice, indigo)
- large plantations
worked by slaves and
indentured servants
(spread out; prevented
growth of towns)
- traded primarily with
England
- Began to flourish with
private land ownership
- Made a Royal Colony
in 1624
- gain wealth/profit
- convert natives to
Christianity
- King scared of
representation in
House of Burgesses
- Chief Powhatan
- Pocahontas
- not significant
Maryland
(Southern)
- Founded by Lord
Baltimore (George
Calvert) in 1634
- Grant from King
Charles I to create
haven for Catholics
- proprietary colony
(Lord Baltimore
owned it with goal to
make fortunes)
- treated Indians fairly
and got along
- Just Catholics until
1649 Toleration Act
allowed all Christians
freedom of worship to
all Christians
Carolina
(Southern)
- Lost colony of
Roanoke by Sir
Walter Raleigh
(1585-1587)
- Founded by
Virginians in 1653
- Second Lord Baltimore
(son) owned all land
and could use or sell it
as he wished
- Cash crops (tobacco,
rice, indigo)
- large plantations
worked by slaves and
indentured servants
(spread out; prevented
growth of towns)
- traded primarily with
England
- Cash crops (tobacco,
rice, indigo)
- large plantations
worked by slaves and
indentured servants
(spread out; prevented
- proprietors hoping
to make money
(allowed little selfgovernment)
- Virginians wanting
to move south
- traded furs
- not significant
Name: ________________________
Period: _________
- Charter form King
Charles II (1663) to
8 nobles to settle
Georgia
(Southern)
- Founded by James
Oglethorpe 1732
from charter by King
George II
growth of towns)
- traded primarily with
England
- one of the wealthiest
colonies
- due to internal
problems, crown took
over in 1729 and made
two separate Royal
Colonies
- Port Charleston
- Port of Savannah
- Began with little
landholdings and no
slavery. Plantations and
slavery came when
changed to Royal
Colony in 1752
- Cash crops (tobacco,
rice, indigo)
- traded primarily with
England
- collection of
disparate settlers,
often led to internal
problems
- debtors colony for
the honest, but
impoverished
- Buffer between SC
and Spanish-owned
Florida
- not significant
Name: ________________________
Period: _________