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Health and Fitness Health is..... "a state of well-being" "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" Physical well-being - You are injury and disease free! Mental well-being - You do not suffer from metal illness or high levels of stress or anxiety Social well-being - You believe you have some purpose in society and have friends. You have food, clothes and shelter. You health can be affected by a number of factors. The following acronym can help you remember them: PLEASED Personal hygiene - Keeping clean will help you avoid illness Lifestyle - Your lifestyle is the way you live your life, including activities, your job, rest time etc. A highly stressed or lazy lifestyle will affect your health! Emotional health - Work, relationships and friends can all cause you to feel either good, or bad! Try to avoid too much stress and anxiety Alcohol / Drugs - Excessive consumption of alcohol and use of illegal drugs can have negative effects on your physical, emotional and social well-being Safety - Not being safe and careful, especially in some jobs and sports can cause injuries. Make sure you use the correct equipment! Environment - Noisy environments can cause stress and lack of sleep. Polluted environments can cause health problems Diet - Having a well-balanced diet helps to keep you healthy by making sure you get all the nutrients your body needs Fitness Fitness can be either general or specific: General You are healthy and can perform daily activities without suffering fatigue. You have: Strength; Speed; Stamina; Suppleness You also possess: Cardiovascular endurance - so your muscles get enough Oxygen to work effectively Muscular endurance - so your muscles don't get tired easily Good body composition - You have the right percentage of fat versus muscle Specific This is your fitness to play a certain sport at a certain level You need all of the things above, plus: Agility Balance Coordination Explosive strength Fast reactions Good timing Some of these factors you can control or improve, others are out of your control. Your specific fitness is affected by: Height, Weight and Somatotype: Your body size and shape can impact upon how suited you are to some sports Illness and Injury: Either of these can be temporary or permanent in the way they affect your fitness levels Psychological Factors: Stress and anxiety involved in work and training can affect our fitness Disabilities: Some forms of disability can affect fitness for various activities. However you can still reach a high level of fitness in some disciplines Alcohol, Drugs and Smoking: All of these have negative effects on both our general fitness, specific fitness and overall health Diet: A good diet is balanced to provide all the nutrients we need to keep fit and healthy Two very specific forms of fitness are cardiovascular fitness and muscular fitness: Cardiovascular Fitness: This is the ability of your heart and lungs to keep your working muscles supplied with Oxygen Muscular Fitness: When your muscles are strong and can apply a lot of force to push, pull, lift and throw things.