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A.P. US
Mods 6/7/8
Artem Kholodenko
0109
Notes for pgs. 477 – 484
Introduction
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Mobilizing for War
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Recruitment and
Conscription
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Confederacy Conscription
Act
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Supplies
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Impressment Act of 1863
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Enrollment Act of 1863
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Financing the War
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Legal Tender Act of 1862
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Confederate Financial
Situation
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After the fall of Fort Sumter in April 1861, the north and
south went to war
No one expected the war to go on longer than one month
to a year & not many losses, but 1 of every 5 died in
battle
North and south weren’t prepared for the war with a
16,000 army in the north and 1/3 resigned for the
confederacy and the south had no army, navy and 2
small gunpowder factories
Civil war armies were the largest in US history, 2mil. in
north and 800,000 in south
Recruitment offices were opened in hometowns
In the south cavalries had to get their own horses and
high ranked people were elected by others, but by July
1861 in the north, officers were tested and not elected
The confederacy passed a law requiring all whites 18-35
to be in the army for 3 years, but soon it was raised to
45, 50, and lowered to 17
Many didn’t like the act because it forced people to fight,
also because of the 20-Negro Law which excused an
owner of 20 or more slaves from army service
In 1864 a law passed requiring all in the army to be in it
until the end of the war
The weapons which first came from Europe and
battlefields soon were made in factories like Tredegar
Iron Works in Richmond
Food and clothing was a problem, and some men had to
be barefoot and hungry, causing loss of battles
It allowed army officers to take food from farmers at
prescribed rates
This was unpopular, and it let agents impress slaves into
army labor which outraged slave owners
The north didn’t have problems with supplies, just with
quantity, and it needed soldiers too, which it got with the
act of 1863 that forced 20-45 year old whites into the
Union Army
There were excused people too: high officials, ministers,
widow supporters, orphans and indigent parents
States were divided into districts and given quota to fill
Only 8% of Union soldiers were draftees or substitutes
The US couldn’t afford to keep large armies because of a
small budget for them from federal taxes and in 1861 the
Confeds. Made a property tax while the Union an income
tax but neither raised much money
Bonds were the partial, but not complete answer to the
financial problems
Lincoln signed it allowing he print of $150mil. of
greenbacks which were made into legal tender to boost
confidence of people in them
Taxes were imposed on everything from liquor to billiard
tables
The Confeds. Never made their $ legal tender, making
the people suspicious of its value and taxes didn’t help
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National Bank Act of
1863
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Political Leadership in
Wartime
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Securing the Union’s
Borders
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revenue much either
The Confeds said that farmers had to give 1/10 of their
crops to the government
Agents were sent to collect this and results were seen
Confed. Money disappeared and paper plunged compared
to gold so a billion was printed by 1865, yet it caused a
larger inflation
Prices in the north rose 80% while in the south 9,000%
and what cost in 1861 $1, cost $46 by 1864
The (R) took advantage of the leave of southern (D) in
Congress to pass a system of national banking
Passed in Feb. of 1863, it established criteria by which a
bank could obtain a federal charter and issue national
bank notes and gave private banks an incentive to get
war bonds
The south head political advantages with most great
presidents being from their and Lincoln wasn’t getting
respect form the northern politicians
David on the other hand won arguments and not over his
foes; he had 5 secretaries of war in 4 years
The union would work together better not because the
there were fewer divisions but cause they managed them
better
Lincoln moved to Washington before the war began and
after the Fort Sumter attack, enough troops slipped in to
protect the capital
He then armed KT, which was a slave state with unionists
MD, DL, KT, MO never left the union
With these territories, Lincoln had access to the center of
the Confeds. With the river systems