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Name___________________________________________
Period_____
Democracy and Greece’s
Golden Age
I.
Golden Age of Greece: During Athens golden
age, drama, sculpture, poetry, philosophy,
architecture, and science all reached new
heights.
A. Pericles’—leader of Athen’s Golden Age.
Pericles’ goals:
1.
Strengthen Athenian democracy
a. Direct democracy—ruled directly and
not through representatives
b. Pericles’ increased the amount of paid
public officials allowing even poor to
hold public office.
2. Hold and strengthen empire
a. Used money from Delian League to make
Athenian navy strongest in the
Mediterranean Sea.
3. Glorify Athens
a. Used money from the Delian League to
beautify Athens
Ex., Parthenon—Temple of Athena
II. Greek Contributions/Accomplishments:
A. Greek Sculpture:
strong, and serene
figures were graceful,
1. Classical art—valued order, balance, and
proportion=REALISTIC!!!
B. Architecture:
columns
Doric
Ionic
C.
Corinthian
Drama:
there were two types of Greek dramas
1. Tragedy—serious drama about common themes
i.e., love, hate, war, betrayal
2. Comedy—contained slapstick humor and
situations
D.
Philosophers:
of truth”
“lovers of wisdom/seekers
1. Greek thinkers who tried to use observation
and reason to understand why things
happened.
1. Socrates—“Father of Philosophy”
a. Encouraged Greeks to learn about beliefs
and ideas by asking questions
”The unexamined life is not worth
living.”
2. Plato—student of Socrates who wrote down the
conversations of Socrates and started a school
called The Academy
Author of The Republic in which he
describes his
idea of a perfectly governed society
His philosophy dominated philosophic
thought in
Europe for nearly 1,500 years
3. Aristotle—student of Plato who
questioned the nature of the world and
human belief, thought, and knowledge and
started a school called The Lyceum
His work provides the basis of the scientific
method used today
III. Peloponnesian War—tension between Athens and
Sparta grew and finally erupted in war
1. Sparta had the advantage on land and Athens
had the advantage at sea
2. Most of the war was fought on land giving
Sparta the advantage and eventually the
victory.
Result—Athens lost its empire, power, and
wealth