Download Diagram of the parts of a sentence: To determine parts of a sentence

Diagram of the parts of a sentence:
To determine parts of a sentence, begin by eliminating prepositional phrases. NO simple subjects, no simple predicates, no subject complements (PA,
PN), and no objects of verbs (DO, IO, OC) appear IN prepositional phrases.
1. AV what? What or
Who receives the action of
the verb? (Saw what?
Caught what? Hit what?)
2.AV to what, to
whom, for whom
is the action
done??
(…Jim…)
IO: Indirect Object
(The player…
(…hit…)
(The sheriff…
(…caught…)
Subject
DO: Direct Object to
receive the action of
the verb. Transitive
(…the ball …the man)
Action Verb
IF No DO…Intransitive (In this case,
usually only adverbs, prepositions, and
clauses that modify the verb follow it.)
OC: Objective
Complement-N, A
N-noun that renames DO
A-adjective that describes
the DO
Verb or Verb Phrase
Adverb (word, phrase, or clause)
…is…
PN – Predicate Nominative (noun that
renames the subject)
…resembles…
Linking Verb
Subject Complements: PN & PA
PA -- Predicate Adjective (adjective
that describes the subject)
EXAMPLES
AV: Joe is swimming quickly. (ADV)
AV: Joe swims quickly. (ADV)
AV: Joe gave himself a haircut. (IO, DO)
AV: Joe thought his haircut unique. (OCA)
AV: Joe thought his haircut a mess. (OCN)
LV: Joe resembles a nut. (PN)
LV: Joe seems crazy. (PA)
Verbals & Verbal Phrases: Verbals are verbs that do not function as verbs in the sentence. There are three types of verbals.
(See pages 116-127 of your textbook for further explanation and more examples.)
Participles always function as Adjectives: Past Participles (past tense verb forms – ed) , Present Participles (-ing verb forms)
Past Participial Phrases
I like to eat fried chicken.
Fried chicken is my favorite food.
Crowded with workers, the elevator groaned.
Present Participial Phrases
I hate flying bugs.
Flying bugs interest me.
Lifting a tire off the truck, my brother grunted.
(See the note on page 117…do not confuse a participle with a verb phrase.)
Gerunds always function as Nouns: Gerunds (-ing verb forms)
SUBJECT
Swimming is my favorite hobby.
Swimming in the pool is my favorite hobby.
DO
I tried swimming, but I failed.
I tried swimming to shore, but I failed.
OP
I reached the shore by swimming.
I reached the shore by swimming toward the horizon.
IO
I gave swimming my all.
I gave swimming against the tide my all.
PN
The best sport is swimming.
(See note on page 121…do not confuse a gerund with a present participle.)
Infinitives function as Nouns, Adjectives, or Adverbs. Infinitives (to + verb)
To swim is my favorite hobby.
To swim in the pool is my favorite hobby. NOUN
My mother is the one to ask.
My mother is the one to ask about dinner. ADJECTIVE
My mother was quick to yell.
My mother was quick to yell about my phone bill. ADVERB
(See chart of further examples on page 123).