Download Microbes - Rosshall Academy

S2 Pupil Workbook
Name: ______________________
We have all heard of bacteria and fungus and the
horrible illnesses that they can give us. There are
microbes that will harm (or kill) just about every living
thing on planet earth. There are even microbes that
attack other microbes. So is it all just about killer
microbes? Should we get rid of them all?
In this topic we will investigate what a microbe actually
is, how it stays alive and whether they really are all
evil!
Topic
Pages
Useful Microbes
Harmful Microbes
Dealing with Microbes
4–6
7–8
9 - 10
2
Listed in the boxes below are the outcomes and experiences which you
will cover in this topic. After completing the topic look over all your work
in your folio and your booklet then honestly decide if you fully understand
each outcome and could confidently carry out any tasks described.
Tick one of the 3 boxes e.g. GREEN, ORANGE, RED.
If you chose S then explain how you know this. For any which you did not
tick the secure box, explain what you are going to do to develop your
understanding. This will be useful to look back at before and tests.
Outcomes and experiences
R
O
G
How do I know I can do this or can
you do to improve your learning in
this outcome?
I can give examples of
bacteria and fungi that
are useful to humans
and describe how they
are used.
I can give examples of
bacteria and fungi that
are harmful to humans
and how they effect the
body
I can describe methods
that the body uses to
fight disease
I can Contribute to
investigations into
different types of
organisms and explain
how their growth can be
controlled
I can describe how
microbes can be used to
help fight disease
How do you feel overall about your learning in this topic?
What are your next steps?
3
Sort the cards under the headings ‘True’, ‘False’ and ‘Don’t Know’.
From the information on the cards and any general knowledge you might
have complete the following statements to show your opinions.
The most useful microbe is …………………… because…
The most surprising thing about microbes is …
The microbe that will probably most effect my life is ………………
because …
In the future maybe someone will find a microbe that
can ….
Choose one statement from Activity 2 and find out more!
NOTES
4
Carry out the experiment as instructed.
Complete the results table below
Trial
Time taken for milk to clot using active rennet(s)
1
2
Average
Write a conclusion for this experiment. Include the following
words – active, inactive, clotting.
My Conclusion
DEVELOPING INFORMED VIEWS
Rennet can be gained from different sources.
Summarise the information in the table.
Form of Rennet
Calves
Fungal
How is this
product
produced?
Give some
advantages of
this product
Give some
disadvantages of
this product
5
GM Yeast
Identify words or ideas that you are unfamiliar with and write
them below. Your teacher will suggest how you can find out
about these.
My view is that we should use …………………………………….. because….
FIND OUT….Where does the rennet in your favourite cheese
come from?
Microbes can also be green! (Environmental rather than the
colour!)
Microbes reduce waste made by some industries, break down
potential pollution to harmless chemicals and reduce our energy
costs.
Try to find out about an example of how ONE of these occurs.
Be prepared to discuss your findings in class.
6
What do these words mean? Discuss them in groups and try to
agree a meaning for both.
DISEASE –
INFECTION –
Research the information needed to complete one row of the
table below. Meet quickly with your group at the start of next
lesson to exchange information and fill in the rest of the table.
Name of Infectious Disease
Micro-Organism that Causes it
Group Task – As a group you will produce an information leaflet
that could be available from your GP. You will be given an
opportunity to gather information and must work together to
collect all the facts you need from the different sources.
MY NOTE
7
Have you washed your hands today? Your teacher has agar
plates that you can use to check how clean your hands really
are. Suggest other things that could be tested.
Listen to what your teacher has to tell you and answer the
following questions.
What does an agar plate contain and why?
What will happen to the agar plates now?
When you see them next, how will you be able to tell if your
hands were clean?
Why will they be sealed from now until they are destroyed?
Complete the diagrams below to show your results
Appearance
after 24
hours
Contents
of plate
Conclusion: _________________________________
_________________________________________
FIND OUT: What types of microbes appear on the plates?
How can you tell what types they are?
8
Viruses are another type of micro-organism that can make us
ill. Viruses are different from the other types of microbes
that we have looked at. The information box tells you about
viruses.
Read the information and summarise what you have learned by
completing a labelled diagram(s) in the space below.
Viruses are non-living microscopic particles that attack healthy cells inside
living things. They do not have most characteristics of living things and are
not able to metabolize food. To metabolize means to change food energy into
chemical energy that the body can use. Viruses are not alive, so they do not
have a need for food like living organisms. Most viruses can't survive very
long if they're not inside a living thing like a plant, animal, or person.
Whatever a virus lives in is called its host. When viruses get inside people's
bodies, they can spread and make people sick. Viruses cause chickenpox,
measles, flu, and many other diseases.
The flu virus gets around in little drops that spray out of an infected person's
mouth and nose when he or she sneezes, coughs, or even laughs. You can
catch the flu from someone who has it if you breathe in some of those tiny fluinfected drops. You can also catch the flu if those drops get on your hands
and you touch your mouth or nose.
The virus then injects its own DNA structure into your healthy cells. It takes
over these now infected cells then uses their resources and cell machinery to
make more copies of itself. Once the cell is full of new copies of the virus, the
infected cells burst open allowing them to go and do the same thing
elsewhere.
MY DIAGRAM(S)
MORE TO DO….Draw up a table to compare the growth of
bacteria, fungi and viruses.
9
Your teacher will show you an agar plate where bacteria are
growing, and an agar plate with the same bacteria and discs of
paper which have been soaked with antibiotics.
Complete the diagram to show how the two plates appear
Plate with bacteria
Plate with bacteria and antibiotic
What does this experiment tell us? (include the words
antibiotic, bacteria, growth and prevent in your answer)
Within your group your teacher will allocate topics to research.
At the start of next lesson you will be given 10 minutes back in
your group to exchange information so that everyone has a
short note completed under each heading.
Where antibiotics come from
How they are mass produced
How antibiotics act upon bacteria
Why we need many different types of antibiotics
10
In your groups rearrange the comic strip pictures into the
correct order. When you have agreed an order, answer Emma’s
question below with as much information as you
can.
Emma: My little brother needs his MMR
vaccination (Measles, Mumps and Rubella) next
week. What’s it for?
Your teacher will issue you with the assignment for this topic.
You may wish to make notes below.
11