Download US History Monster Review Questions

USH
Monster Review Questions Answers
Goal 1 (Early America):
1. Name the first 2 political parties & the leaders of each. Hamilton led Federalists
Jefferson led Democratic Republicans
2. Which political party wanted a national bank and which political party did not?
Federalists wanted a bank; Democratic Republicans did not
3. Which political party had a loose interpretation of the Constitution and Which had a
strict interpretation of the Constitution? Loose-Federalists; Strict-Dem. Rep.
4. Which political party believed that the federal government should be more powerful?
Federalists
Which political party believed that the state governments should be more powerful?
Democratic Republicans
5. What did the Whiskey Rebellion show about the Federal gov? It showed the Federal
government was powerful enough, under the Constitution, to put down a rebellion
6. What is a tariff? Tax on imported goods
7. What was the reasoning behind raising tariffs? Who would be affected by this most?
meant to strengthen US industry-Southerners were affected most because they relied on
trade with European nations like Britain and France—Tariffs hurt this international
trade relationship
8. What 2 territories did the Treaty of Greenville give us? Ohio & Indiana
9. What country was Jay’s Treaty with? England
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10.
Significance of Jay’s Treaty Britain gave the US “Most favored Nation” Status
in regards to trade—they would pay the US for recent damages to our ships
11.
What country was Pickney’s Treaty with? Spain
12.
Significance of Pickney’s Treaty? Gave the US access to the Mississippi River
and the Port of New Orleans
13.
Washington’s 3 warnings in his farewell address? No Political Parties, No
Sectionalism, No Foreign Alliances
14.
Issue with France where French diplomats refused to negotiate with US until
they offered a bribe XYZ Affair
15.
Federalist legislation meant to hurt Democratic Republicans Alien & Sedition
Acts
16.
Democratic Republicans’ response to the Alien and Sedition Acts Virginia &
Kentucky Resolutions
17.
Theory established by the VA & KY Resolutions Nullification
18.
Why was the Election of 1800 called the Bloodless Revolution? Peaceful
transfer of power from the Federalist, Adams, to the Democratic Republican,
Jefferson
19.
During the French Revolution, the British and French were attacking our ships.
What do we call the British forcing our crew into military service? Impressment
20.
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What was Jefferson’s response to this? Embargo Act of 1807
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21.
How did the Embargo Act of 1807 affect the US? It hurt US Merchants
because they were not making any money because of the Embargo
22.
What action did Jefferson take to double the size of the US? Louisiana Purchase
23.
Who did we buy this land from? France
24.
Explain how this action went against Jefferson’s political beliefs Jefferson
traditionally believed in strict interpretation of the Constitution, and the purchase of
Louisiana Territory was exercising loose interpretation of the Constitution.
25.
Who explored this new territory? Lewis & Clark
26.
What is John Marshall’s significance and name some major cases he presided
over Strengthened the power of the Supreme Court-Marbury v Madison, McCulloch
v Maryland, Gibbons v Ogden
27.
List the causes for the War of 1812 Impressment
28.
If you wanted to go to war with the British what were you called? Name some
of these guys. War Hawks-John C Calhoun & Henry Clay
29.
What was discussed at the Hartford Convention? What group attended
Federalists discussed seceding from the U.S.
30.
What was ironic about the Battle of New Orleans? What was the significance
about this battle? Was fought after the War of 1812 ended. It caused a sense of
nationalism in Americans
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31.
What happened to the Federalist party and why, following the War of 1812?
The Federalists Party died—they lost political support because they were seen as
unpatriotic for wanting to secede.
32.
Why was Monroe’s presidency known as the Era of Good Feelings? Only one
major political party & lots of Nationalism
33.
What did the Adam’s Onis Treaty give us? Florida
34.
What did the Monroe Doctrine say to European countries? Stay out of Latin
America
35.
What was the purpose of the Missouri Compromise? To determine whether
territories that became states would be free or slave
36.
Who came into the Union as a free state? Maine Who came into the Union as a
slave state? Missouri What parallel set the boundary for slave states and free states?
36’30
37.
What was the purpose of Clay’s American System to make the North and South
dependent on one another (S was agricultural-grew cotton; N was industrial-turned
cotton into cloth)
38.
What 2 famous candidates ran in the Election of 1824? Quincy Adams &
Jackson Who won the popular vote? Jackson Who won the electoral vote? Not a
majority
Who became President in the end? How? Quincy Adams—Corrupt Bargain with Henry
Clay
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39.
Who won the Election of 1828? Jackson This was the first election in which
who could vote? All White Males-property ownership requirement had been
eliminated
40.
Jackson led what political party? Democrats
41.
Which political party formed to oppose Jackson? Whigs
42.
What did Jackson establish in order to reward loyal voters? Patronage-Spoils
System
43.
How did Jackson’s VP, Calhoun respond to the Tariff of Abominations?
Disagreed-wrote South Carolina Exposition & Protest
What theory did Calhoun use to defend himself and South Carolina? Nullification
How did Jackson respond to Calhoun? Sent battleship to SC to enforce
Congressional policy
44.
What major legislation forced Native Americans West under Jackson? Indian
Removal Act
45.
What group of Indians challenged this legislation & what was the court case?
Cherokees-Worchester v Georgia
46.
What did Jackson close during his presidency? National Bank Where did he put
the money? Pet Banks
47.
What major battle was fought during the Texan War for Independence? Alamo
What was the result of the war? Texas became independent from Mexico-does not
become a state until 1845
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Goal 2 (Antebellum-pre-Civil War America):
1. WH Harrison’s famous campaign slogan (not in your Monster Review) write it in.
“54 40 or Fight” (referring to the Oregon Territory)
2. As President, James K Polk had huge desires to expand the US. What was he known
as? Expansionist President What places did he promise to add to the US? Oregon,
Texas, and Mexican Cession (California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado)
3. What major war did we get involved in during Polk’s presidency? What did we gain
that was the result? Mexican American War-Mexican Cession (see above)
4. What was the issue that continued to be debated over about this new territory?
Whether it would be slave or free
5. List the 2 suggestions put in place about how to deal with slavery in this area Wilmont
Proviso (no slavery in Mexican Cession) and Popular Sovereignty (people vote
whether their territory will be slave or free)
6. What were 2 major parts to Clay’s Compromise of 1850? California becomes a free
states (benefits N) & Stronger Fugitive Slave Law (benefits S)
7. What did the Kansas Nebraska Act do? Established Popular Sovereignty in Western
Territories (nullifies Missouri Compromise)
8. What did it cause in Kansas? Bleeding Kansas
9. Going backwards a bit: describe Manifest Destiny US desire to expand West
10.
What 2 wars were drive by Manifest Destiny Texan War & Mexican American
War
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11.
Name the religious movement in the early 1800’s 2nd Great Awakening
12.
What does it mean to reform something? To change-to progress
13.
Define the following:
Temperance-movement to make alcohol illegal-becomes the Prohibition Movement
in the 1900’s
Abolition-movement to end slavery
Seneca Falls Convention-first women’s rights convention
Declaration of Rights & Sentiments-written at Seneca Falls—written by Elizabeth
Cady Stanton—advocated women’s rights
14.
Describe the significance of the following 1800’s reformers:
a. Charles Grandson Finney-2nd Great Awakening preacher-led tent revivals
b. Dorthea Dix-worked for prison reform
c. William Lloyd Garrison-abolitionist-wrote “The Liberator”
d. Frederick Douglas-abolitionist-wrote “The North Star”
e. Sojourner Truth-abotliotionist-spoke “Aint I a Woman?”
f. Susan B Anthony, Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton-women’s rights
leaders
15.
Describe the Romanticism Movement & Transcendentalism-American literary
movements-Romantic authors wrote fiction novels about American Themes;
Transcendentalists wrote non-fiction essays about nature, self-reliance, and civil
disobedience
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16.
Describe the Significance of the following Romantic & Transcendentalist
authors
a. Ralph Waldo Emerson-Transcendentalist; wrote “Nature” & “Self-Reliance”
b. Henry David Thoreau -Transcendentalist; wrote “Walden” & “Civil
Disobedience”
c. James Fennimore Cooper-Romantic-wrote Last of the Mohicans
d. Nathanial Hawthorne-Romantic-wrote The Scarlett Letter
e. Herman Melville-Romantic-wrote Moby Dick
f. Edgar Allen Poe-Romantic-wrote “The Raven”
g. Alex Tocqueville-French-wrote Democracy in America
h. Hudson River School-Group of artists who painted American Landscapes
(Nature)
17.
List the inventions of the following 1800’s inventers:
a. Robert Fulton-Steamboat
b. Peter Cooper-Steam engine “Iron Horse”/”Tom Thumb”
c. John Deere-Steel Plow
d. Cyrus McCormick-Mechanical Reaper
18.
Belief that foreigners should not be in the US. Nativism Political party formed
by themKnow Nothing Party (American Party)
Goal 3 (Civil War & Reconstruction):
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1. What was the South’s attitude toward Lincoln’s election in 1860? They saw Lincoln as
a threat to the South’s way of life—they seceded
2. List the long term causes of the Civil War-Differences in economies between N & S;
Tariff, National Bank
3. List the short term causes of the Civil War-Uncle Tom’s Cabin, John Brown’s Raid,
Kansas Nebraska Act, Dred Scott v Sanford
4. What was Lincoln’s attitude toward slavery? He did not believe in it but was willing to
keep it in place if it meant keeping the country together
5. What was the N & S called during the Civil War? N-Union; S-Confederacy
6. Who was the first commander of the Union and eventually fired? McClellen Who
then led the Union? Grant Who led the Confederacy? Lee
7. Who was the President of the S during the Civil War? Jefferson Davis
8. What was the significance of Antietam? Bloodiest one-day battle of the Civil War –
Lincoln fired McClellen after What did Lincoln issue following it? Emancipation
Proclamation
9. What was the significance the Emancipation Proclamation? Symbolically freed slaves
in rebellious states—changed the rationale of the war from a war to preserve the
Union to a war to end slavery--diplomatic document (kept Britain and France from
joining the war on the Confederate side)
10.
What is the significance of the following:
Battle of Gettysburg-Turning Point Union Victory
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Battle of Vicksburg-Union gains control of Mississippi River & splits Confederacy in
2
Sherman’s March to the Sea-War of Attrition/Scorched Earth—Sherman’s men
march from Georgia to Savannah, destroying everything in their path
Battle of Antietam-Bloodiest one-day battle—Lincoln issues Emancipation
Proclamation after Antietam
11.
How did Sherman’s March to the Sea help meet the Anaconda Plan’s goal?
Destroyed Confederate Railroads and supply line
12.
What is the time period following the Civil War known as? Reconstruction Who
is permanently placed in the S? Union soldiers
13.
Who became President when Lincoln was Assassinated?Andrew Johnson
14.
What was the name given to the Congressional members who wanted to see
Confederate loyalties punished and see the 13, 14, & 15 Amendments passed?Radical
Republicans
15.
Name the most famous of these? Thaddeus Stevens & Charles Sumner What
was set up to help slaves get jobs, provide clothing, & shelter? Freedmen’s Bureau
16.
Define the Reconstruction Amendments:
a. 13th Freed Slaves
b. 14th Citizenship
c. 15th All Male Suffrage
17.
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Define the following:
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a. Copperheads-Northern Democrats (most Northerners were Republicans)who
did not agree with the War—“Poisoned” the war effort
b. Scalawags-Southern Republicans (most Southerners were Democrats)
c. Carpetbaggers-Northerners who went South during Reconstruction
18.
Why was Andrew Johnson Impeached? Violating the Tenure of Office Act
(Fired Secretary of War Stanton) What was the result? Impeached
19.
What 2 scandals took place during Grant’s presidency? Whiskey Ring-Credit
Mobilier Scandal
20.
What ended Reconstruction? Compromise of 1877 (Hayes Election)
21.
What famous Supreme Court case hindered African Americans following
Reconstruction? Plessy v Ferguson
Goal 4 (West):
1. Ended the open range system Barbed Wire
2. Gave 160 Acres to any person who would live on it for 5 years Homestead Act
3. Made it easier to travel West
4. Created to Americanize Native Americans by giving them their own land in the West,
educating their children, etc. Dawes Act
5. Another word meaning “Americanize” Assimilate
6. Battle known as “Custer’s Last Stand” Battle of Little Big Horn
7. Who wrote the following books about abuses to Native Americans:
a. Century of Dishonor-Helen Hunt Jackson
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b. Bury My Heart At Wounded Knee-Dee Brown
8. gave federal monies to finance agricultural colleges Morill Land Grant Act
9. famers’ movement at the end of the 1800’s Populists
10.
Name of their platform of beliefs-Omaha Platform
11.
What kinds of problems were farmers facing that led them to create this
political party High Railroad rates, little Congressional representation, not making
money on their crops because of drought
12.
The candidate the Populists supported in the 1896 election? William Jennings
Bryan His famous speech about bimetallism was called? “Cross of Gold”
13.
IF you wanted both silver and gold in the money supply, you were known as?
Bi-Metallist
14.
If you did not like the spoils system and wanted to change it you were called a?
Halfbreed
15.
If you wanted to leave the spoils system in place you were called a?Stalwart
16.
Who was the Halfbreed President killed for it? James Garfield
17.
What reformed the Spoils System? Pendleton Civil Service Act From then on, if
you work for the government you were a Civil Service employee
Goal 5 (Gilded Age):
1. What was the government’s stance on business which allowed corruption to occur?
Laissez-Faire
2. List the businesses the Robber Barons led:
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a. Rockefeller-Standard Oil
b. Carnegie-Steel
c. Vanderbilt-Railroads
d. JP Morgan-Finance & Steel
3. Carnegie’s philosophy that the wealthy must donate their money to better society
“Gospel of Wealth” & Philanthropy
4. define the following types of business practices:
a. monopoly-1 business taking control of the market
b. horizontal integration-buying out competition (Rockefeller & Standard Oil)
c. vertical integration-buying out each stem pf the production process (Carnegie)
5. created to regulate RR rates Interstate Commerce Commission
6. weak law created to limit monopolies Sherman Anti-Trust Act
7. strengthened this law in 1914-Clayton Anti-Trust Act
8. What was life like for laborers during this time? Poor working conditions-dangerous,
unsantitary, long hours, child labor
9. What did workers form to combat this harsh treatment?Labor Unions (organized
labor)
10.
Define the following ways owners combated unions
a. Blacklist-your name was put on a list and you would not be hired by any
company
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b. Lockout-Factory owners refused to let striking workers back into factory-hired
strikebreakers/scabs (usually immigrants who were willing to work for less
money)
c. Yellow dog contract-Promise to not join a labor union
11.
led the American Railway Union and then started the American Socialist Party
Eugene V Debs
12.
led the American Federation of Labor Samuel Gompers
13.
famous riot where chaos broke out in a Knights of Labor strike in Chicago
Haymarket Square Riot
14.
tragedy that led to government regulations for zoning, fire exits, and fire codes
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
15.
Where did European immigrants arrive to the US? Ellis Island Asian
immigrants? Angel Island
16.
a political party that comes to power and stays that way, dominating politics in a
city is called Political Machine
17.
famous party boss in NY? Boss Tweed Famous Democratic Political Machine
Tammany Hall
Goal 6 (Imperialism):
1. list the territories we gained from the Spanish American war and beyond Puerto
Rico, Philippines, and Guam
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2. What style of writing rallied American support for the Spanish American War Yellow
Journalism
3. Name the 2 famous Editors whose newspapers competed using Yellow Journalism
Hearst Pulitzer
4. What poem, written by Kipling, justified reasons for imperialism White Man’s Burden
5. Who wrote the Influence of Sea Power ? What did the book help increase in the US
Alfred T Mahan; Navy
6. Name the Calvary that fought in Cuba. What famous member later became
President? Rough Riders; Teddy Roosevelt
7. Jingoism means extreme nationalism that was created after the Spanish American War
8. Open Door Policy meant to keep trade open with China
9. We did not gain Cuba at the end of the Spanish American War but it was a US Sphere
of Influence
10.
Teddy Roosevelt initiated building the Panama Canal to make it easier to
transport goods to Europe and Asia from the West Coast
11.
Roosevelt’s foreign policy was more militaristic than previous foreign policy.
Name this foreign policy. Big Stick Diplomacy
12.
What did he add to the Monroe Doctrine? Roosevelt Corollary
13.
name of the group of boats sent around the world to demonstrate US Naval
power Great White Fleet
14.
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progressive political party that Teddy helped form Bull Moose Party
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appointed by Teddy as Head of Forest Service Gifford Pinchot
16.
Taft’s foreign policy meant to help the economies of Latin American countries
Dollar Diplomacy
Goal 7 (Progressive Era):
1. supreme court case that established Separate but Equal and fueled the Jim Crow Era
Plessy v Ferguson
2. African American leader who founded the Tuskegee Institute and believed in
Economic Equality of African Americans Booker T Washington
3. African American leader who demanded immediate social equality of African
Americans and founded the NAACP WEB Du Bois
4. Define the 4 progressive Amendments
a. 16th Income Tax
b. 17th Direct Election of Senators
c. 18th Prohibition
d. 19th Women’s Suffrage
5. List the books the following Muckrakers wrote or the aspect of society they criticized:
a. Jacob Riis-How the Other Half Lives-Tenement Life
b. Thomas Nast-Political Cartoonist
c. Upton Sinclair-The Jungle-Meatpacking Industry & Working Conditions
d. Lincoln Steffens-Shame of the Cities-Child Labor
e. Ida Wells-Red Record- lynching
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f. Ida Tarbell-History of Standard Oil on History-Robber Barons
6. What results of the Progressive Movement expanded Democracy in the US? 17th &
19thAmendment, Referendum, Recall, Initiative, Pendleton Civil Service Act,
7. Who was known as the “Trust Buster”? Who really “busted” more trusts? Teddy
Roosevelt; Wilson & Taft
Goal 8 (WWI):
1. Name the Mexican guerilla leader who the US chased through S US and Mexico.
Name the General who led these chases Pancho Villa; Pershing
2. What is Wilson’s famous quote and justification for getting involved in WWI “Make
the World Safe for Democracy”
3. Add to your Monster Review the additional 2 causes of WWI –Militarism, Alliance
System
4. List the members of Central Powers Germany, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire
5. List the member of the Allied Powers US, Britain, France, Russia, Italy
6. What 2 reasons brought the US into WWI Unrestricted Sub Warfare (Lusitania) &
Zimmerman Telegram
7. Trench Warfare was the style of warfare fought during WWI
8. name given to US troops in WWI Doughboys
9. Why did Russia leave the war in 1917 Bolshevik Revolution
10.
List the main parts of the Treaty of Versailles. What country was affected most
by this? War Guilt Clause/Reparations; Germany
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11.
What is Wilson’s famous group of agreements to keep war from happening
again? 14 Points
12.
What was the organization he wanted to see created to keep war from
happening again? League of Nations
13.
did the US ever join the League of Nations? What senator opposed the US ever
joining it? No; Henry Cabot Lodge (“Irreconcilables)
14.
Time period following WWI was known asNormalcy Why? Conservative idea
to return to time before progressive era and WWI
15.
list the 2 agreements that attempted to outlaw war Kellogg Briand Pact;
Washington Naval Conference
16.
Who was the cabinet member involved in the Tea Pot Dome Scandal Secretary
of Interior Albert Fall
17.
Coolidge’s famous quote “ The business of America is business” what
governmental practice did he want to see implemented to expand business-Laissez
Faire
18.
following WWI there was a fear of Communists in the US known as the Red
Scare. A Mitchell Palmer led raids to find communists
19.
2 anarchists accused of murder in the early 20’s Sacco & Venzetti
Goal 9 (Roaring Twenties & Great Depression)
1. women who went against traditional values Flappers
2. promoted birth control Margaret Sanger
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3. what was illegal in the 20’s? Where would people go to consume it? Alcohol;
Speakeasies (Women’s Christian Temperance Union; Anti-Saloon League)
4. Who made lots of money off of bootlegging? Al Capone
5. What 2 people fought against this new way of thinking? What was their religion? Billy
Sunday & Aimee Semple McPherson; Fundamentalist Christians
6. Name the teacher who violated fundamentalist Christian laws and taught evolution.
What scientists’ teaching was this? John T Scopes; Charles Darwin
7. Identify the following:
a. Charles Lindbergh-First to fly solo across the Atlantic
b. F Scott Fitzgerald-Lost Generation –Great Gatsby
c. Louis Armstrong-Harlem Renaissance Jazz Musician
d. Henry Ford-perfected the Assembly line in his Ford Motor Company
8. flourishing of African American arts was called Harlem Renaissance
9. identify the following:
a. Marcus Garvey-Black Nationalist-Back to Africa Movement
b. Langston Hughes-Harlem Renaissance Poet
10.
Name causes of the Great Depression High Tariffs, War Debt,
Overproduction, Stock Market Crash
11.
Dust Bowl occurred in the Great Plains, specifically Oklahoma, and killed
farmers crops and made it difficult to live here
12.
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Roosevelt’s plan to end the Great Depression New Deal
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Roosevelt’s radio talks to encourage the public Fireside Chats
14.
because the Supreme Court was made up mostly of conservative Republicans,
and the New Deal was a liberal Democrat program, this was Roosevelt’s idea to add
more Democratic justices to the S. Court Court Packing Plan
15.
Why is Roosevelt criticized for this-abuse of executive power
16.
Identify the following:
a. AAA-Agricultural Adjustment Administration-paid farmers to kill
crops/livestock to increase farm prices
b. SEC-Securities and Exchange Commission-regulate stock market
c. FDIC-Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation-insured money in banks
d. TVA-Tennessee Valley Authority-built dams in rural south
e. WPA-Works Progress Administration-paid people to work
f. SSA-Social Security Act-pension for elderly
g. Bank Holidays-Emergency Banking Relief Act-sent government inspectors into
banks to ensure their stability
17.
Identify the critics of the New Deal and their proposals
a. Huey “King Fish” Long-Socialist—“Every Man a King”
b. Dr. Francis Townsend-created Social Security
18.
What actually ended the Great Depression WWII
Goal 10 (WWII & Beginning of the Cold War):
1. US policy at the outbreak of WWII Neutrality/Isolationism
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2. Appeasement was the policy of European powers when Hitler asked for more
territory, in order to avoid war. Did it work? No
3. List the Axis Powers Germany, Italy, Japan
4. List the Allied Powers (these should be the same as WWI) US, Britain, France, Soviet
Union
5. German style of Warfare Blitzkrieg
6. 2 fronts in which WWII was fought Europe & Pacific (Island Hopping)
7. brought the US into WWII Pearl Harbor
8. another word for the draft in the US Selective Service
9. Identify the following
a. MacArthur-US Army General in the Pacific Theatre of WWII & commanded
US forces in Korea-fired by Truman for wanting to invade China
b. Nimitz-US Navy Admiral in the Pacific Theatre of WWII-Battle of Midway
c. Patton-US Army General in the European Theatre and North Africa during
WWII
d. Buffalo Soldiers-African American soldiers who fought the Indians on the
Great Plains, Spanish American War, WWI & WWII
e. Oppenheimer-Scientist who led the Manhattan Project-Atomic Bomb
f. Tuskegee Airmen-African American pilots in WWII who trained at the
Tuskegee Flying School
10.
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Identify the following:
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a. Manhatten Project-code-name for creation of the Atomic Bomb
b. Rosie the Riveter-Propaganda symbol for female laborers in factories during
WWII
c. DDay (Operation Overlord)-WWII turning point in Western Europe—Led by
Dwight Eisenhower
d. VE Day-Victory in Europe Day—Germany Surrenders
e. Midway-WWII turning point in the Pacific (Island Hopping)
f. IwoJima & Okinawa-Part of the Island Hopping campaign-high number of
casualties convinced US that we needed to use the Atomic Bomb
g. Hiroshima & Nagasaki-2 Japanese industrial and military centers destroyed by
the Atomic Bombs
h. VJ Day-Victory in Japan-Japan Surrenders
11.
conferences where Allied Powers met to decide fate of Germany Yalta &
Potsdam
12.
Nuremberg Trials were where Nazi officers were charged with crimes against
humanity
13.
Communist Germany and Berlin East Germany/East Berlin
14.
Democratic Germany and Berlin West Germany/West Berlin
15.
US, French, & British attempt to supply W Berlin because the Soviet Union had
cut off supply lines Berlin Airlift
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16.
GI Bill gave loans to Vets to use for housing and education upon returning
from war
17.
Marshall Plan & Truman Doctrine were the philosophies to help the economies
of struggling countries so they do not become communist
18.
peace time alliance between democratic nations against communism NATO
19.
peace time alliance between communist countries in response Warsaw Pact
20.
senator who hunted for communists following WWII Senator Joseph McCarthy
21.
committee formed to find communists in the entertainment industry HUAC
22.
conflict that lasted from WWII until 1991 between the US and Soviet Union
Cold War
23.
the goal of the US during the Cold War is to keep communism from spreading,
called Containment
24.
Eisenhower’s Cold War policy that we must go to the brink of nuclear war for
the other side to back down Brinkmanship—Massive Retaliation
25.
1st artificial satellite sent into space…it started the space race Sputnik
26.
name of Communist leader who takes over Cuba Fidel Castro
27.
Winston’s Churchill’s reference to Western Europe and US separated from
Communist East Iron Curtain
28.
War from 1950-53 that the US got involved in to contain communism Korean
War
29.
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Korea was split at the 38th parallel
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30.
General Douglas MacArthur commanded US troops and was eventually fired
by Truman for wanting to invade China
31.
Was communism contained at the end of the Korean War? Yes
Goal 11 (Vietnam & Civil Rights)
1. communist leader of N Vietnam Ho Chi Minh
2. Vietnam was divided at the 17th parallel
3. US commander in Vietnam General Westmoreland
4. list the struggles US troops faced in Vietnam Jungles; Vietcong blended in with
civilians, used underground tunnels, set traps
5. What were the 2 weapons used to combat the thick foliage in Vietnam Agent Orange
& Napalm
6. What 3 events during the Vietnam War led to mass protests Tet Offensive, My Lai
Massacre, Invading Cambodia & Loas
7. if you agreed with the war you were a Hawk. If you disagreed with the war you were
a Dove
8. On what college campus did mass protests lead to the deaths of 4 students Kent State
9. built in Berlin in 1961 Berlin Wall
10.
Name the secret attack on Cuba by Cuban refugees…was it successful? Bay of
Pigs; No
11.
What was the Soviet Union’s response? Sent missiles to Cuba-Cuban Missile
Crisis
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12.
Name the drill for people in the US in case of nuclear attack Duck & Cover
13.
Name Kennedy’s domestic policy—list some major parts of it New Frontier-
Race to the Moon, Peace Corps
14.
Name Johnson’s domestic policy—list some major parts of it Great Society-
Alliance for Progress, VISTA (Volunteers in Service to America), Medicare/Medicaid,
HUD
15.
What event helped give support to Nixon to get him elected in 1968
Democratic National Convention
16.
Nixon’s policy to remove troops from Vietnam Vietnaminization (Peace with
Honor)
17.
Why did Nixon expand the war into Cambodia & Laos? Destroy the Ho Chi
Minh Trail
18.
Was communism contained at the end of the Vietnam War? No
19.
What legislation did Congress enact to limit the power of the President when it
comes to invasion of other countries War Powers Act
20.
Nixon was the first to visit China & the Soviet Union (Détente)
21.
Signed by the US & Soviet Union to limit nuclear weapons SALT I & II
22.
Why was Nixon impeached? What was the result? Nixon WAS NOT
impeached! He resigned before the Senate could impeach him
23.
Which case overturned Plessy v Ferguson Brown v Board
24.
identify the following:
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a. Martin Luther King-Leader of Civil Rights’ Non-violent protest
b. Malcolm X-Leader of Civil Rights-militant, black power
c. Rosa Parks-refused to give up her seat on the bus—started the Montgomery
Bus Boycott
d. Little Rock Nine-African American students who integrated Little Rock High
School
e. SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee)-College students who led
sit-ins
f. James Meredith-first black student admitted to the University of Mississippi
g. Jackie Robinson-first black baseball player in the major leagues
h. Black Panthers-promoted black power and self-defense
25.
What S African leader could be compared to Martin Luther King in their non
violent resistance practices-Nelson Mendela (Aparteid)
Goal 12 (Modern Age)
1. Identify the following:
a. Rachel Carson-wrote Silent Spring about pesticide use ex: DDT-started
Environmentalist Movement
b. Betty Friedan-wrote The Feminine Mystique-started the Feminist Movement
c. Roe v Wade-legalized abortion
d. Cesar Chavez-Mexican-American farm worker who tried to improve working
conditions by organizing United Farm Workers
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e. Love Canal-NY town built above where toxic waste had been buried
f. 3 Mile Island-nuclear power plant that leaked, causing awareness to dangers of
nuclear reactors
g. ERA-Equal Rights Amendment-never passed –said men & women were equal
h. OPEC-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries-increased oil prices in
the 1970’s
i. University of California v Bakke-upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be
one of several factors in college admission policy.-set racial quotas were not
allowed
j. Swann v Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education-used buses to integrate
schools
2. The economy of the 1970’s was Stagflation-stagnant economy-high prices (oil & gas)
3. Ford’s plan to cut back on oil consumption to bring high prices down Whip Inflation
Now (WIN)
4. peace agreement signed by Egypt and Israel under Carter-Camp David Accords
5. Reagan’s defense plan –Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) “Star Wars”
6. said flag burning was legal-Texas v Johnson
7. Occurred under Reagan’s presidency where the US sold weapons to Iran in exchange
for the return of hostages. We then used the money to fund a rebel movement in
Nicaragua. Iran Contra Scandal
8. ended the Cold War in 1991 Gorbechev
9. conflict between the US and Iraq over oil control Persian Gulf War
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10.
Iraqi leader during the Persian Gulf War Saddam Hussein
11.
Clinton signed NAFTA, an agreement of free trade among Mexico, US, &
Canada
12.
ended gender discrimination in schools Title 9 (IX)
13.
created by George W Bush to improve education and accountability in schools
No Child Left Behind
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