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Perry County Schools SOCIAL STUDIES CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK Geography Big Idea: Geography Geography includes the study of the five fundamental themes of location, place, regions, movement and human/environmental interaction. Students need geographic knowledge to analyze issues and problems to better understand how humans have interacted with their environment over time, how geography has impacted settlement and population, and how geographic factors influence climate, culture, the economy and world events. A geographic perspective also enables students to better understand the past and present and to prepare for the future. Academic Expectations 2.19 Students recognize and understand the relationship between people and geography and apply their knowledge in real-life situations. Program Of Studies: Understandings Program of Studies: Skills and Concepts Core Content For Assessment DOK SS-H-Ge-U-1 Students will understand that patterns emerge as humans move, settle and interact on Earth’s surface, and can be identified by examining the location of physical and human characteristics, how they are arranged, and why they are in particular locations. Economic, political, cultural and social processes interact to shape patterns of human populations, interdependence, SS-H-Ge-S-1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, charts, graphs, photographs, models, data bases, satellite images): a) analyze the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface b) interpret patterns and develop rationales for the location and distribution of Earth's human features (e.g., available transportation, location of resources and markets, individual preference, centralization versus dispersion) SS-HS-4.3.1 Students will describe the movement and settlement patterns of people in various places and analyze the causes of that movement and settlement (e.g., push factors such as famines or military conflicts; pull factors such as climate or economic opportunity) and the impacts in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present). DOK 3 SS-HS-4.1.1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, photographs, models, satellite images, charts, graphs, databases) to explain and analyze the reasons for the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface. DOK 3 Essential Questions/ Content What factors have caused the movement of people around the world? How do geographers use the five themes of geography? How has the diversity in culture around the world led to conflict? How does a country’s physical geography affect its natural resources, population patterns, and access to transportation? Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Map Mercator Robinson Database Physical Political Thematic Centralization Dispersion Physical features Secondary Sources Push & Pull Factors Climate Location Place Movement Hemisphere Prime Meridian Equator Resources Assessments Understandings cooperation and conflict. Skills & Concepts Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content SS-H-Ge-S-2 Students will investigate regions of the Earth’s surface using information from print and non-print sources (e.g., books, films, periodicals, Internet, geographic tools, news media): a) analyze pros and cons of physical (e.g., climate, mountains, rivers) and human characteristics (e.g., interstate highways, urban centers, workforce) of regions in terms of human activity b) explain how cultural differences and perspectives sometimes result in conflicts in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present) SS-H-Ge-S-3 Students will describe movement and settlement patterns in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present): a) analyze the causes of 2 Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Resources/ Assessments Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-2 Students will understand that regions help us to see the Earth as an integrated system of places and features organized by such principles as landform types, political units, Skills & Concepts movement and settlement (e.g., famines, military conflicts, climate, economic opportunity) and their impacts in different places and at different times in history b) explain how technology has facilitated the movement of goods, services and populations, increased economic interdependence, and influenced development of centers of economic activity (e.g., cities, interstate highways, airports, rivers, railroads, computers, telecommunicatio ns) SS-H-Ge-S-1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, charts, graphs, photographs, models, data bases, satellite images): a) analyze the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content SS-HS-4.2.1 Students will interpret how places and regions serve as meaningful symbols for individuals and societies (e.g., Jerusalem, Vietnam Memorial, Ellis Island, the Appalachian region). SS-HS-4.2.2 Students will explain how physical (e.g., climate, 3 What is the relationship between geography and economy? How did the US become a multicultural society? Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Religion Discrimination Prejudice Violence Genocide Assimilation Civil rights Jerusalem Ellis Island Appalachian region Vietnam Resources/ Assessments Understandings economic patterns and cultural groups. People vary in how they organize, interpret and use information about places and regions. Skills & Concepts b) interpret patterns and develop rationales for the location and distribution of Earth's human features (e.g., available transportation, location of resources and markets, individual preference, centralization versus dispersion) SS-H-Ge-S-2 Students will investigate regions of the Earth’s surface using information from print and non-print sources (e.g., books, films, periodicals, Internet, geographic tools, news media): a) interpret how places and regions serve as meaningful symbols for individuals and societies (e.g., Jerusalem, Vietnam Memorial, Ellis Island, the Appalachian region) b) analyze pros and cons of physical (e.g., climate, mountains, rivers) Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content mountains, rivers) and human characteristics (e.g., interstate highways, urban centers, workforce) of regions create advantages and disadvantages for human activities in a specific place. DOK 2 SS-HS-4.2.3 Students will explain how people can develop stereotypes about places and regions (e.g., all cities are dangerous and dirty; rural areas are poor). SS-HS-4.2.4 Students will explain how people from different cultures with different perspectives view regions (e.g., Middle East, Balkans) in different ways, sometimes resulting in conflict in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present). 4 Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Memorial Stereotype Cultural diffusion Resources/ Assessments Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-3 Students will understand that human actions modify the physical environment and, in turn, the physical environment limits or promotes human activities. Skills & Concepts and human characteristics (e.g., interstate highways, urban centers, workforce) of regions in terms of human activity c) evaluate reasons for stereotypes (e.g., all cities are dangerous and dirty; rural areas are poor) associated with places or regions d) explain how cultural differences and perspectives sometimes result in conflicts in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present) SS-H-Ge-S-4 Students will investigate interactions among human activities and the physical environment in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present): a) describe human strategies (e.g., transportation, communication, technology) used to overcome limits Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content SS-HS-4.4.1 Students will explain how humans develop strategies (e.g., transportation, communication, technology) to overcome limits of their physical environment. SS-HS-4.4.2 Students will explain how human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of 5 How does the destruction of natural resources affect the climate of the world? What kinds of strategies do people develop to overcome their physical geography? Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Global warming Rainforest Acid rain Deforestation Natural resources Centralization Dispersion Canal Natural resources Tsunamis Greenhouse effect Resources/ Assessments Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-4 Students will understand that human and physical features of the Earth's surface can be identified by absolute and relative location. Skills & Concepts of the physical environment b) interpret and analyze possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) of human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of natural resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods) SS-H-Ge-S-1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, charts, graphs, photographs, models, data bases, satellite images): a) analyze the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface b) interpret patterns and develop rationales for the location and distribution of Earth's human features (e.g., available Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content natural resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods) may have possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present). DOK 2 SS-HS-4.4.3 Students will explain how group and individual perspectives impact the use of natural resources (e.g., mineral extraction, land reclamation). SS-HS-4.1.1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, photographs, models, satellite images, charts, graphs, databases) to explain and analyze the reasons for the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface. DOK 3 6 How do maps identify the locations of various places? Level of Mastery Essential Resources/ Vocabulary Assessments Fossil fuel Nonrenewable resource Renewable resource Absolute location Relative location Mountains Vegetation Canal Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-5 Students will understand that the use of maps, geographic tools, and mental maps helps interpret information, analyze patterns and spatial data, predict consequences and find/propose solutions to world problems. Skills & Concepts transportation, location of resources and markets, individual preference, centralization versus dispersion) SS-H-Ge-S-1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, charts, graphs, photographs, models, data bases, satellite images): a) analyze the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface b) interpret patterns and develop rationales for the location and distribution of Earth's human features (e.g., available transportation, location of resources and markets, individual preference, centralization versus dispersion) Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content SS-HS-4.1.1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, photographs, models, satellite images, charts, graphs, databases) to explain and analyze the reasons for the distribution of physical and human features on Earth's surface. DOK 3 SS-HS-4.1.2 Students will explain how mental maps, the mental image a person has of an area including knowledge of features and spatial relationships, become more complex as experience, study and the media bring new geographic information. SS-HS-4.1.3 Students will use geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, photographs, models, satellite images) to interpret the reasoning patterns (e.g., available transportation, location of resources and markets, individual preference, centralization versus dispersion) on which the 7 How do geographers use maps to analyze data? Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Geographic Symbols Population density Latitude Longitude Compass Rose Scale Continents Map Database Mental Map Resources/ Assessments Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-6 Students will understand that citizens in an interdependent global community impact their physical environments through the use of land and other resources. Skills & Concepts SS-H-Ge-S-4 Students will investigate interactions among human activities and the physical environment in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present): a) describe human strategies (e.g., transportation, communication, technology) used to overcome limits of the physical environment b) interpret and analyze possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) of human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of natural resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods) Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content location and distribution of Earth's human features is based. SS-HS-4.4.2 Students will explain how human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of natural resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods) may have possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present). DOK 2 SS-HS-4.3.2 Students will explain how technology (e.g., computers, telecommunications) has facilitated the movement of goods, services and populations, increased economic interdependence at all levels and influenced development of centers of economic activity. DOK 2 8 How has economic interdependence affected the economy of countries around the world? Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Natural resources Reclamation Interdependen ce Fossil fuels Cash Crops Exports Imports Resources/ Assessments Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-7 Students will understand that environmental changes and physical and human geographic factors have influenced world economic, political, and social conditions. Skills & Concepts SS-H-Ge-S-2 Students will investigate regions of the Earth’s surface using information from print and non-print sources (e.g., books, films, periodicals, Internet, geographic tools, news media): a) interpret how places and regions serve as meaningful symbols for individuals and societies (e.g., Jerusalem, Vietnam Memorial, Ellis Island, the Appalachian region) b) analyze pros and cons of physical (e.g., climate, mountains, rivers) and human characteristics (e.g., interstate highways, urban centers, workforce) of regions in terms of human activity c) evaluate reasons for stereotypes (e.g., all cities are dangerous and dirty; rural areas are poor) associated with places or regions d) explain how Core Content DoK SS-HS-4.2.4 Students will explain how people from different cultures with different perspectives view regions (e.g., Middle East, Balkans) in different ways, sometimes resulting in conflict in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present). 9 Essential Questions Level of Content Mastery How does the physical geography create advantages and disadvantages for humans? How has the political geography changed in the world? Essential Vocabulary Stereotypes Resources/ Assessments Understandings Skills & Concepts Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content cultural differences and perspectives sometimes result in conflicts in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present) SS-H-Ge-S-4 Students will investigate interactions among human activities and the physical environment in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present): a) describe human strategies (e.g., transportation, communication, technology) used to overcome limits of the physical environment b) interpret and analyze possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) of human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of natural 10 Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Resources/ Assessments Understandings SS-H-Ge-U-8 Students will understand that many of the important issues facing societies involve the consequences of interactions between human and physical systems. Complex interrelationships between societies and their physical environments influence conditions locally, regionally and globally. Skills & Concepts resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods) SS-H-Ge-S-4 Students will investigate interactions among human activities and the physical environment in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present): a) describe human strategies (e.g., transportation, communication, technology) used to overcome limits of the physical environment b) interpret and analyze possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) of human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of natural resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content SS-HS-4.4.2 Students will explain how human modifications to the physical environment (e.g., deforestation, mining), perspectives on the use of natural resources (e.g., oil, water, land), and natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, tsunamis, floods) may have possible global effects (e.g., global warming, destruction of the rainforest, acid rain) in the modern world (1500 A.D. to present) and United States (Reconstruction to present). DOK 2 SS-HS-4.3.2 Students will explain how technology (e.g., computers, telecommunications) has facilitated the movement of goods, services and populations, increased economic interdependence at all levels and influenced development of centers of economic activity. DOK 2 11 How has the advancements of technology affected the economy of countries? Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Urban Urbanization Suburban Sprawl Rural Migration Push and pull factors Natural disasters Pollution Metropolitan area Globalization Alternative energy Nuclear energy Resources/ Assessments Understandings Skills & Concepts Core Content DoK Essential Questions Content tsunamis, floods) 12 Level of Mastery Essential Vocabulary Resources/ Assessments