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WLHS / Biology / Monson / Unit 7 – EVOLUTION
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STUDY GUIDE: UNIT 7 - EVOLUTION (CH 16, 17, 19)
Part A: Use your textbook (Ch 16, 17, 19) and class lecture notes to answer the following questions from your
TEXTBOOK:
CH 16, 17, & 19 ASSESSMENTS - MULTIPLE CHOICE (see end of each chapter)
CH 16: Mult. Choice (p. 476-478)
CH 17: Mult. Choice (p. 504-506)
CH 19: Mult. Choice (p. 566-568)
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CH 16, 17, & 19 “Standardized Test Prep” - MULTIPLE CHOICE (see end of each chapter)
CH 16: Mult. Choice (p. 479)
CH 17: Mult. Choice (p. 507)
CH 19: Mult. Choice (p. 569)
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Part B: Answer the questions below
1) What accounts for the presence of marine fossils on mountaintops?
2) According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have
favorable
.
3) List FIVE major lines of evidence for evolution.
4) Darwin proposed that natural selection takes place as individuals best suited / adapted to the
survive and reproduce.
5) A sunflower produces many seeds. Will all of the seeds grow into mature plants? Explain.
6) How do DNA and RNA provide evidence for common descent?
7) Give an example of artificial selection.
8) Modern whales have a vestigial pelvis and femur. What does this evidence suggest
about the ancestors of modern whales?
9) What is the difference between a VARIATION and an ADAPTATION?
10) What are three ways that a new species could form (the reproductive isolation mechanisms)?
11) How does sexual reproduction provide for genetic variation in a population? (HINT: list 3 sources of genetic
variation that occur with sexually reproducing organisms)
12) Describe the FOUNDER EFFECT and the BOTTLENECK EFFECT. Give an example or each.
13) Define and give an example of COEVOLUTION.
14) Distinguish between: HOMOLOGOUS, ANALOGOUS, and VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES. Give an example of
each.
 HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES:
EX:
 ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES:
EX:
 VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES:
EX:
15) The mass of element “X” in a sample is found to have decreased from 224 grams to 14 grams in a period of 52
years. From this information, calculate the half-life of element “X”.
16) Changes in BODY CELLS / SEX CELLS are related to evolution. (circle one)
17) Define and give an example of:
a) Relative Dating:
b) Radioactive Dating:
18a) What is a “half-life” and with which type of dating is it used?
18b) What is an index fossil and with which type of dating is it used?
Radioactive Decay of C-14
Use the Graph to answer questions #19-23.
19) Determine the approximate half-life of Carbon-14.
21) A fossil bone was found to contain about 1/16 of
the amount of C-14 that was originally present.
Use the graph to determine the approximate age
of the bone.
Mass of C-14 (grams)
20) According to the graph, how many half-lives
have passed if a fossil has 1/8 of its original amount
of Carbon-14?
1400
1200
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800
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Time (Thousands of Years)
22) How many half lives will it take for the original amount of carbon-14 to decay to 300 g?
23) How old is the fossil that, as described in #22 above, has 300 g of the original 1200 g of C-14 remaining?
24) What is the difference between adaptive radiation (divergent evolution) and convergent evolution?
25) Compare and contrast GRADUALISM and PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM.
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