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Plant Form and Function Analyzing how water and nutrients move through a plant (Ch 36 and Investigation 11) Learning Goal: How are plants structurally adapted for survival? Refer to pg 202-207, 314-319 in Holtzclaw How and why do water/nutrients move through a plant? You must know: (Ch 36) The role of passive transport, active transport, and cotransport in plant transport. The role of diffusion, active transport, and bulk flow in the movement of water and nutrients in plants (with water potential calculations) How the transpiration cohesion-tension mechanism explains water movement in plants. How pressure flow explains translocation. How does water & dissolved nutrients get from the roots to the leaves in these tall trees?_______________________________ How does sugar get from the leaves to the roots in plants for winter storage? ____________________________________ Try This! What is the similarity between xylem and phloem tissue? What is the difference between xylem and phloem tissue? Types of Tissue Dermal tissue – ____________________ protective covering Vascular tissue – carries out transportation of materials between _______________and _____________ Xylem – transports _____________and dissolved minerals up from roots into the shoots Phloem – transports _____________from leaves to other parts of plant (sites of growth) Ground tissue – not ____________or ____________ Try This! Explain the difference between passive transport and active transport. Plasmolysis an effect of __________________, which is an example of _______________ transport Vocabulary: xylem xylem sap mycorrhizae inorganic ions apoplastic route symplastic route plasmodesmata casparian strip endodermis cells Try This: Explain the transport of water and nutrients from roots to shoots Transport up shoots to leaves: Transpiration through Xylem Vocabular: transpiration hydrogen bonds cohesion adhesion solute stomata guard cells How do (C3) plants prevent excessive water loss in hot, dry environment? Try This: Explain the transport of water and nutrients up shoots to leaves How and why does sugar move through a plant? Phloem Translocation in Summer Phloem Translocation in Spring Vocabulary: phloem phloem sap translocation sugar source sugar sink tap root Try This: Explain the transport of sugar from sugar source to sugar sink in spring and late summer Try This! Remember the equation for water potential? Explain the equation If the in cell A is greater than the in cell B, which way will water move? Try This! Predict the effect on water potential of: Addition of solutes to distilled water Loss of turgor pressure within a plant leaf Bulk Flow: the movement of water through a plant from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure. Water and solute move through both xylem and phloem tissue by way of bulk flow Try These Questions: Transpiration has been described as a “necessary evil.” Explain the costs and benefits of transpiration to a plant.