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Student Scientist:___________________Date:______________________Core:_________________ Lab: Weather Lab Objective: 3.03 Conclude that the good health of environments and organisms require Monitoring of air quality Taking steps to maintain healthy air quality Stewardship 3.05 Examine evidence that atmosphere properties can be studied to predict atmospheric conditions and weather hazards. 3.06 Assess the use of technology in studying atmospheric phenomena and weather hazards: Satellites Weather maps Predicting Recording Communicating information about conditions Research the following websites and answer questions. Type your answers in RED. Humidity Humidity measures the amount of moisture in the air. It can be measured with a hygrometer or a sling psychrometer. http://daphne.palomar.edu/jthorngren/measures.htm What is relative humidity? Relative humidity depends on what two factors? If you reduce the temperature, the relative humidity does what? If you increase the temperature, the relative humidity does what? Temperature Temperature measures the hot or coldness of the air. There are 3 scales: Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit. The units are degrees. http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-temperature.htm Convert 55oF to Celsius Convert 25 oC to Fahrenheit Calculate the Wind Chill Factor if the temperature is 35oF and the wind speed is 10 MPH. Wind speed and direction Wind speed and direction are measured with an anemometer and a weather van. It tells the direction the wind is blowing and the speed. The units are miles per hour. http://www.srh.noaa.gov/epz/?n=wxcalc_windconvert Complete the following chart using a wind speed of 22 MPH. mph (miles per hour) knots m/s (meters per second) ft/s (feet per second) km/h (kilometers per hour) Air Pressure mph knots m/s ft/s km/h Air pressure is force exerted on you by the weight of the air. It is measured with a barometer. Barometers are used to measure the current air pressure at a particular location in “inches of mercury” or in “millibars” (mb). http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/air_pressure/index.html Read the information on the website. Click on the Hot Air Balloon on the right. Answer the following questions. 1. If you were on a mountain, would the weight of the air above you (air pressure) be greater than or less than it is now? Explain why? 2. What do you think causes wind? 3. If you lived in Kansas and observed a sudden drop in air pressure (low air pressure), describe what kind of weather would you expect to see soon? 4. Why do think hot air balloons rise? 5. Air weighs less than water, would you expect the pressure exerted by water to be greater or less than the pressure exerted by the same amount of air? Explain why? Precipitation Five main forms of precipitation: rain, sleet, snow, freezing rain and hail. The following website outlines the atmospheric conditions that allow each type of precipitation to form. Precipitation can be measured with a rain gauge. http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/cld/prcp/home.rxml Read each section of this website. What form of precipitation do you think would have the most significant impact on Surry County? Why? Tornados Tornados are funnels of high speed, spinning air. A tornado watch means that one is possible; a tornado warning means that one has been spotted nearby. Tornadoes can be classified with the Fujita scale. http://green.nationalgeographic.com/environment/natural-disasters/tornadoprofile.html?source=G2306 Read all information and watch the video Tornados 101 at the bottom of the website and check out the pictures in the tornado photo gallery. What conclusion can you draw from the video? Hurricanes Can you pick the names of Hurricanes? http://www.fema.gov/kidsApps/quiz_truefalse_questions.do?quiz=quiz_hu rricanenameiq&action=init How many did you get right? Hurricanes are severe tropical storm that forms over water. Hurricanes rotate in a counterclockwise direction around an “eye.” A hurricane is classified when winds reach 74 mph. The Saffir-Simpson scale can be used to classify hurricanes. http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/ This is a live website. Do we have an active hurricane? Describe the live weather map shown, including date and time. Read the information concerning classifying hurricanes. http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/laescae.html In your own words, describe the different categories of hurricanes. Drought A drought is a deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time, usually one season or more. A drought is a prolonged, abnormally dry period when there is not enough water for users’ normal needs. This is a US drought monitor. Click “Visit NDMC Photo Gallery,” search for North Carolina, and look at 2007 and 2008 Drought Photos. http://www.drought.unl.edu/dm/monitor.html Compare the 2007 photos to the photos taken in 2008. How are they alike or different? ____________________________________________________________________________________ Floods Floods are caused by stationary or slow-moving thunderstorms that produce heavy rain over a small area. Flash floods can strike any time and any place with little or no warning. Natural processes, such as hurricanes, weather systems, and snowmelt, can cause floods. Failure of levees or dams and inadequate drainage can also result in flooding. http://www.fema.gov/areyouready/flood.shtm How would you or your family use this information? Tsunami A tsunami is a series of waves generated by an undersea disturbance such as an earthquake. From the area of the disturbance, the waves will travel outward in all directions, almost like the ripples caused by throwing a rock into a pond. The tsunami is proportional to the intensity of the earthquake. Watch “How Tsunamis Work” Video http://science.howstuffworks.com/tsunami.htm List 2 facts about a tsunami. Weather Folklore Watch the video and answer each question. http://weather.weatherbug.com/weathereducation/lp/connections/1108_Connections_Folklore.wmv List a weather folklore that you have heard from your parents, grandparents, etc. Describe what this folklore means. Weather Games: Wild Weather Adventure http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/en/kids/goes/wwa/# Catch Snow http://www.weatherwizkids.com/snowflakes.swf Check out your memory with a game of Concentration http://www.fema.gov/kids/games/concentration/index.htm Try your hand at a jigsaw puzzle! Disaster puzzles http://www.fema.gov/kids/games/puzzle/index.htm