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Social Studies Vocabulary Mrs. Sanders’ Grade 6 Unit 1 Time and Timelines A.D. or C.E.- a notation used to show an event occurring since the birth of Jesus Christ. A.D. stands for the Latin term “anno domini” meaning “in the year of our Lord”. C.E. stands for “Common Era”. B.C. or B.C.E.- a notation used to show a date before the birth of Jesus Christ. B.C. stands for “Before Christ”. B.C.E. stands for “Before the Common Era”. historical narrative- a written story based on history multiple-tier time line- a set of two or more time lines used to compare events from more than one topic. secondary source – a source obtained from someone other than the person who actually experienced the event. Example: newspaper, magazine primary source – a source obtained from someone who experienced the event. Example: photograph, letter, diary credible – information that is believable, trustworthy. You can rely on the information. fact – a statement that can be proven to be true or false. eon – the longest segment of geological time. era / age – named for the type of materials used to make tools period – a segment of time shorter than an era or age, but longer than an epoch. Example: Jurassic Period epoch – the smallest segment of geological time. millennia – the space of one thousand (1000) years century – the space of one hundred (100) years decade – the space of ten (10) years Revised October 4, 2011 1 chronological – events occurring one right after another. Record events on a time line in the order in which they occurred. Geography continent – a large land mass sometimes separated by an ocean, but not always. The earth is divided into 7 continents Eurasia – a name given to the largest land mass which contains the continents of Europe and Asia. Arctic Circle –The Arctic Circle is the invisible circle of latitude on the earth's surface at 66° north latitude, marking the southern limit of the area where the sun does not rise on the winter solstice or set on the summer solstice - a geographic ring crowning the globe. It is approximately 1,650 miles from the North Pole. Arctic Circle Antarctic Circle –imaginary circle on the surface of the earth at 66 1/2°S latitude., i.e., 23 1/2° north of the South Pole. It marks the southernmost point at which the sun can be seen at the winter solstice (about June 22) and the northernmost point of the southern polar regions at which the midnight sun is visible. Read more: Antarctic Circle — Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0804176.html#ixzz1ZrRtzMeJ geography – the study of the physical features of earth and its people. coastline – where a land mass meets a water body. ocean – one of four of the largest water bodies on earth. atlas – a book of maps of the world and earth’s continents political map – a map that shows state and country boundaries. physical map- a map that shows the elevation of land compared to sea level and shows the physical features of earth, such as mountains and rivers. time zone map – a map that shows the time zones of the earth. historical map – tells about the history of a people or part of the world. route map – shows the movement of people or goods across and area. Revised October 4, 2011 2 cultural map – shows everything that is part of a people’s way of life. prime meridian –an imaginary line that marks the starting point of the time zone map. For locations west of the prime meridian, the time gets earlier. International Date Line – an imaginary line at 180 longitude. The date immediately changes to one day later when you go west across this line. cardinal directions – designating the direction north, east, south, or west. intermediate directions – designating the direction between each of the cardinal directions degrees – the unit of measure used to divide the earth into a grid for use with latitude and longitude longitude – imaginary lines that form the vertical (north and south) lines running from the north pole to the south pole. Longitude is measured in units called degrees. latitude – imaginary lines that form the horizontal (east and west) lines running between the equator and the poles. Latitude is measured in units called degrees. scale – a numerical tool used to designate how much distance on a scale equals a certain distance on a map legend – a tool on a map that contains symbols and their meanings grid – an imaginary crisscross pattern covering the earth used to locate places on the map. inset – a small map related to a larger one. It usually gives more information than is shown on the larger map. equator – circles the middle of the earth at 0 latitude. Northern Hemisphere – one half of the earth located north of the equator. Southern Hemisphere – one half of the earth located south of the equator. Eastern Hemisphere – one half of the earth located east of the prime meridian Western Hemisphere – one half of the earth located west of the prime meridian Revised October 4, 2011 3