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2.1 – A Background to Cell Structure
Multiple Choice Questions:
1) Which one is not part of the modern cell theory?
a )All living things are composed of cells
b) Cells are the basic units of living organisms
c) All cells come from pre-existing cells
d) All cells contain smaller parts
2) Which scientist did not contribute to the cell theory in the 1800’s?
a) Schleiden
b) Schwann
c)Virchow
d) Mendel
3) Cells obtain energy and get rid of waste through their ___________.
a) cell wall
b) cell membrane
c) cell surface area
d) organelles
4) The size of most plant and animal cells ranges from ________.
a) 0.1 and 10 um
b) 0.01 and 0.10 um
c) 10 and 100 um
d) 1 and 10 um
5) What is spontaneous generation?
a) A current theory that states living organisms can be generated from non-living matter
b) An outdated theory that states living organisms can be generated from non-living matter
c) A current theory that suggests all matter is made up of spontaneous particles
d) An outdated theory that suggests all matter is made up of spontaneous particles
6) It is better for a cell to have maximum membrane ________ as possible.
a) cell capacity
b) volume
c) surface area
d) depth
True or False Questions
1)
F
The importance of cells as the basic unit of life was realized in the 1600s.
2)
F
Schleiden, Mendel and Schwann each made a proposal that contributed to the development of
the cell theory.
3)
T
Schleiden was the first to observe that all plant tissue was composed of cells.
4)
T
The cell theory is the foundation used by biologists to try to understand life on earth.
5)
T
A cell needs a constant supply of energy and a method to rid itself of waste products.
6)
T
Minimizing the distance within the cell also minimizes the time taken for cell processes.
2.2 Cell structures
1.Every organism must be either ________ or a _________.
a) Prokaryote and organelles
b) Eukaryotic and organelles
c) Prokaryote and eukaryotic
d) non of them
2.Bacteria and other similar cells of the kingdoms Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
are the only ______.
a) Prokaryote
b) Eukaryotic
c) glycocalyx
d) non of them
3. these different compartments have specific functions and are call _______.
a) oranelles
b) fluid
c) sugar
d) hydrophilic
4. What higher temperatures it attracts the phospholipids and helps stabilize the
membrane.
a) around 37
b) around 25
c) around 50
d) around 100
5. _____ is also found within cell membrane.
a) cholesterol
b) glycoproteins
c) DNA
d) Nucleoid
6.It has a crucial role to play in the life of a cell.
a) DNA
b) Cell wall
c) Cell membrane
d) Sugar
1.c 2.a 3.a 4.a 5.a 6.c
True or False Questions
1.cell walls are much stronger and thicker that cell membranes._____
2.the protein molecules embedded in the membrane are called intrinsic proteins.___
3.these carbohydrate and protein combinations known as phospholipids.___
4.the phospholipid bilayer is composed of two rows or layers of pholipid molecules.___
5.composed of cell walls with the compound lignin attached, is as strong as it is.____
6. the molecules are placed randomly and there is on set pattern.
1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.T
1. The cell membrane is the only thing between the cell
and it’s outside environment.
TRUE / FALSE
2. A cell wall can only be found in animal cell not a plant
cell.
TRUE / FALSE
3. Cellulose cell walls are weaker and thinner then the
cell membrane.
TRUE / FALSE
4. Penicillin works to prevent the formation of
bacterial cells.
TRUE / FALSE
5. Under a light microscope the nucleus appears very
thin.
TRUE / FALSE
6. The nucleus is the genetic control center of the cell.
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2.3
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
TRUE
Cytoplasmic Organelles
1. Structures that perform specialized functions in cells are called __________
a). Mitochondria
b). Organelles
c). Vesicle
d). Vacuoles
2. The mitochondria uses oxygen to produce __________
a). ATP
b).Acid
c). Base
d). Water
3. __________ are dense-looking dark granules located on the surface of parts of the
endoplasmic reticulum.
a). Cisternae
b). Cisternal Spaces.
c). Ribosomes
d). Lysosomes
4. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is where ______________ takes place at the
ribosomes.
a). Protein Synthesis
b). Glycolysis
c). Single-displacement reaction
d). Double-displacement reaction
5. The Golgi Complex was named after _____________________.
a). An Italian scientist
b). An African scientist
c). A Chinese scientist
d). A Russian scientist
6. Lysosomes are used to break down _______________ within a cell.
a). Fat
b). Energy
c). Damaged organelles
d). Glucose
True or False
1. Lysosomoes may play a role in the aging process.
2. The transmission eletron microscope was invented in 1938 by a Russian scientist.
3. Vacuoles and Vesicles are both membranes, surrounded by water.
4. Between Golgi complex and the Endoplasmic reticulum, only one of them produce
F
L
y
s
o
s
o
m
e
s
.
F
5. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is where proteins take shape.
6. Vacuoles are found mainly in animal cells and are used for storage of starch molecules.
F
2.3 Cytoplasmic Organelles (pg 53~56)
Multiple-choice
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Where in a cell would you expect to find the cytoskeleton?
within the nucleus
within a mitochondrion
within the cytoplasm
between the cell membrane and the cell wall
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
The mitochondria is the site of
protein synthesis
lipid synthesis
energy production
non of the above
3.
Chloroplasts are _____ organelles, found only in cells of plants and some protests. This organelles
produce food by the process of __________.
a) green, Photosynthesis
b) red, respiration
c) yellow, Photosynthesis
d) blue, respiration
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
What’s inside chloroplasts?
chlorophyll
grana
stroma
all of the above
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Three types of fibres from the cytoskeleton are
aluminium alginate fibre, cellulose base fibre and chromosomal fibre
microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules
cellulose base fibre, microtubules and chromosomal fibre
microfilaments, intermediate filaments and aluminium alginate fibre
6.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Human sperm cells are able to move due to the presence of ______________.
a single cilium
many cilia
a single flagellum
many flagella
Truth or fault
1.
Flagella are short; cilia are long.
2.
Plastids only occur in plants and algae and some other protists.
3.
Chloroplasts have a double membrane surrounding them.
4.
Paramecium moved with tiny cilia that around the membrane.
5.
The function of intermediate filaments is changes in cell shape.
6.
Cellular respiration is a process involves extracting energy from food to make ATP
Answers
Multiple-choice: 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.C
Truth or fault: 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T
1.
What does the term metabolism refers to?
a) Chemical reactions
b) Enzymes
c) When two chemicals doesn’t act together
d) Carbohydrate reaction
2. What does the term “Endergonic” means?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Energy in
Energy out
Energy flowing both ways
None of the above
3. What does the term “Exergonic” mean?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Energy in
Energy out
Energy flowing both ways
None of the above
4. Cellular respiration is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
the name for a series of reactions in cells that releases energy
Making of ATP
Making of ADP
None of the above
5. What is ATP?
a)
b)
c)
d)
a energy molecule
enzymes
a bond between two molecules
a bond between two cells
6. Where does the ATP store its energy?
a)
b)
c)
d)
ATP doesn’t store energy
in its molecule
in chemical bonds
none of the above
ANSWERS:
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. C
1. ATP is energy molecule.
TRUE / FALSE
2. Biological endergonic reactions produce molecules
containing covalent bonds that store energy.
TRUE / FALSE
3. Exergonic requires energy in order to proceed.
TRUE / FALSE
4. Endergonic releases energy out.
TRUE / FALSE
5. ADP molecules can be converted back into ATP.
TRUE / FALSE
6. Energy releases from breakdown of ADP.
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
FLASE
TRUE
FALSE
3.1 Cell Membrane: Gateway to the Cell
Multiple Choices
1. What is the membrane called when it allows some substances to pass through them?
A) Semipermeable
B) Selectively permeable
C) Phospholipids
D) Permeable
2. Phospholipids are:
A) Tightly packed together
B) Loosely held together
C) Can prevent large molecules from passing though
D) A & C
3. What molecule is not fat-soluble and cannot dissolve or pass through the middle fatty
acid portion of the membrane?
A) Hydrophilic
B) Phospholipids
C) Hydrophobic
D) None the above
4.
A)
B)
C)
D)
5.
A)
B)
C)
D)
6.
A)
B)
C)
D)
True or false
1. The hydrophilic phosphate heads point toward the liquid environments inside and
outside the cell. ______
2. Hydrophilic molecules that are not fat-soluble can pass thought the middle fatty
acid portion of the membrane. ______
3. Selectively permeable membranes are non-living membranes that prevent some
molecules from passing. ______
4. Glycocalyx can lubricate cells and act as an adhesion layer for them. _______
5. The hydrophobic fatty acid tails making up the middle of the membrane prevent
some molecules from entering the cell. ______
6. The phospholipids bilayer and protein molecules help to control the passage of
materials through the cell membrane. ______
3.2 The movement of Solutes and Water
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Diffusion is….
A) When there are less random collisions
B) The tendency of particles to move from an area where they are more concentrated to
and area where they are less concentrated
C) When there are more collisions
D) All the above
2. Hypertonic is when..
A) water diffuses into the cell by osmosis.
B) the fluid surrounding the cells and the cytoplasm are equilibrium
C) the fluid surrounding the cells has a lower solute concentration than the cytoplasm of
the cell
D) the fluid surrounding the cells has a high solute concentration than the cytoplasm of
the cell
3.The air sacs of the lungs are called:
A) capillaries
B) alveoli
C)
D)
4.
A)
B)
C)
D)
5.
A)
B)
C)
D)
6.
A)
B)
C)
D)
True or False Questions
1. Movement along the concentration gradient is referred to as passive transport. _______
2.Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. _______
3.3 – Protein Carrier-Assisted Transport
Multiple Choice Questions:
1) Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of ______________.
a) high concentration to low concentration
b) low concentration to high concentration
c) low concentration to equilibrium
d) high concentration to equilibrium
2) The movement of water along a concentration gradient until equilibrium is established is:
a) diffusion
b) osmosis
c) endocytosis
d) exocytosis
3) Facilitated transport…
a) requires energy from ATP
b) does not require energy from ATP
c) requires energy from ADP
d) does not require energy from ADP
4) The movement of molecules through a membrane against a concentration gradient by means of a carrier
protein is:
a) facilitated transport
b) active transport
c) endocytosis
d) exocytosis
5) The sodium/potassium pump in nerve cells is an important example of _________.
a) active transport
b) passive transport
c) endocytosis
d) exocytosis
6) Cystic Fibrosis is characterized by the build-up of________.
a) air
b) fluids
c) mucus
d) chloride ions
True or False Questions:
1)
F
Particles are never constantly and randomly moving.
2)
T
A solute dissolved in a solvent results in a solution.
3)
T
Your lungs rely on diffusion to add oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from your blood.
4)
T
Alveoli and capillaries have adaptations to speed up the relatively slow process of diffusion.
5)
F
Osmosis is not a special type of diffusion.
6)
F
In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes in the fluid surrounding the cell is different
than in the cell’s cytoplasm.
4.4 Photosynthesis and Food Production
Multiple-Choice
1. The substrates of photosynthesis are
a) Oxygen and glucose
b) Carbon dioide and oxygen
c) Carbon dioxide and water
d) Glucose and water
2.
In the light-dependent reactions__________.
a) Water molecules are formed
b) Water molecules are broken down into oxygen and hydrogen
c) Carbon dioxide from the air is added to form the carbohydrate glucose
d) Carbon dioxide from the water is added
3.
In the light-independent reactions___________.
a) Water molecules are formed
b) Water molecules are broken down into oxygen and hydrogen
c) Carbon dioxide from the air is added to form the carbohydrate glucose
d) Carbon dioxide from the water is added
4.
Within the chloroplasts, specialized pigment compounds __________ are able to capture the
energy of light.
a) enzymes
b) RNA
c) Chlorophyll
d) Non of the above
5.
Autotrophs means___________________.
a) make their own food
b) feed by others
c) both a and b
d) non of the above
6.
Certain species of bacteria, known as ____________, do not rely on either photosynthesis or the
products of photosynthesis to survive.
a) heterotrophs
b) biomoautotrophs
c) chemoautotrophs
d) non of the above
Truth or Flute
1. Photosynthesis produces oxygen in animals and plants.
2.
Photosynthesis is a complicated endergonic process
3.
Because of photosynthesis the plant was able to not only harvest the light energy but also stored
energy in the chemicals.
4.
6H2O + 6CO2 ----------> C6H12O6+ 6O is the net equation of photosynthesis.
5.
Chlorophyll, the green pigment common to only certain photosynthetic cells
6.
Autotrophic microorganisms, including many varieties of archaea and bacteria, which are able to
synthesize all of the organic compounds they need from inorganic raw materials in the absence of
water.
Answers
Multiple-choice: 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C
Truth or fault: 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.F
1.3 Lipids: Long-Term Energy Storage
Multiple-choice
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
which of the following is not Lipid
fats
phospholipids
glycogen
steroids
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fats make for good energy storage molecules because they are
a very concentrated source of energy
fats are not solvable in water
fat contains more than twice as much energy as carbohydrate
both a and b
3.
Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between _______ and so are not saturated with
_________.
a) carbons, hydrogen
b) carbons, oxygen
c) hydrogen, oxygen
d) non of the above
4.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Saturated fatty acids
contain at least one double between the carbon atoms
contain no double bonds between the carbon atoms
are composed of two fatty acids and glycerol
are the energy molecules of cells
5.
a)
b)
c)
d)
The individual amino acids making up polypeptide are bonded together by
hydrogen bonds
peptide bonds
ionic bonds
polar bonds
6.
___________ are the long-term energy storage molecules in animals and are stored in fat cells in
adipose tissue.
a) Glycerol
b) CLA
c) Phospholipids
d) Triglycerides
Truth or fault
1.
In human cells, fats serve as short-term energy storage molecule
2.
Fatty acids are long carbon-hydrogen chains with a carboxyl (COOH) group at one end. Fatty acids
may be either saturated or unsaturated.
3.
The hydrocarbon tail in palmitic acid is formed of carbon-carbon double bonds
4.
In oleic acid there is one carbon atoms. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid.
5.
Phospholipids consist of a hydrophilic phosphate molecule and two hydrophobic fatty acid tails.
6.
Steroids are group of lipids that consist of three linked carbon rings. Include cholesterol and certain sex
hormones
Answers
Multiple-choice: 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.D
Truth or fault: 1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F
1.5 Nucleic Acids
Multiple Choices
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
____________ form the important hereditary molecule DNA.
a). Double helix
b). Building blocks
c). Single strand
d). Nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are polymers formed from monomer molecules called __________.
a). ATP
b). Nucleotides
c). DNA
d). RNA
Sugar is __________ in DNA or __________ in RNA.
a). Ribose
b). A nitrogen-containing base
c). Deoxyribose
d). member of Phosphate group
Which on of the following is not of nitrogen-containing base?
a). Guanine
b). Cytosine
c). Uracil
d). None of the above
The three-dimensional structure of DNA is such that ______ can only pair with ______, and that
______ can only pair with ______.
a). Thymine
b). Guanine
c). Adenine
d). Cytosine
_______, a monomer, is another important nucleotide in the cell.
a). Energy
b). ATP
c). Protein
d). Starch
True or False
1. RNA is usually single stranded.
2. ATP = ADP + T.
3. Both DNA and RNA are not polymers.
4. The bond that form ATP is a High-energy bond.
5. The third phosphate in ATP can be split off by Energy.
6. Glucose supply Phosphate to form ATP.
Answer
1.D
2.B
3.C, A.
1. T
3. F.
2. T.
4. T.
4.D.
5.C,A,B,D
5. F.
6. F.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
6.B
1.1 The Chemical Basis of Life
Answer Key
Multiple Choice Questions
1) a) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous and sulfur
2) b) compounds
3) b) covalent bond
4) c) donates
5) c) catabolism
6) a) HCL, lemon juice
True or False Questions
1) F
2) T
3) T
4) F
5) F
6) T
1. Gills are found in?
a) Fish
b) Goat
c) Dog
d) Lion
2. What is the job of gills?
a) allows water to go through
b) specialize in gas exchange
c) allows food to go through
d) None of the above
3. Spiracles are found in?
a) Fish
b) Peacock
c) Frog
d) Insects
4. Grasshoppers have enlargements at the end of their tracheal
Tube is called:
a) Air sacs
b) Sacs
c) Air passer
d) None of the above
5. How many gills arches are in fish’s body?
a) Two
b) Four
c) Six
d) Eight
6. Each gill filament contains many flat structures called:
a) Opercula
b) Gill arches
c) Lamellae
d) Tracheal tube
ANSWERS:
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. C
1. The organ of gas exchange in the plant is the leaf.
TRUE / FALSE
2. Birds have the same gas exchange as human.
TRUE / FALSE
3. In birds, during the exhalations, both sets of air sacs deflate.
TRUE / FLASE
4. There are eight gills arches in fish’s body.
4. The grasshopper exchanges gas through the air sacs.
TRUE / FALSE
TRUE / FALSE
5. Earthworm uses its skin for gas exchange.
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
1.4 Proteins:
1. What is the simply the order of the amino acids in the polypeptide?
A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) oxygen
D) tertiary structure
2. What is the group of COOH?
A) amino group
B) carboxyl group
C) oxygen group
D) non of then
3.What is heme group?
A) link to each of the three chains.
B) the bonds that from between adjacent amino acids.
C) link to each of the four chains.
D) non of then
4._____ direct and contra the chemical reaction in life processes.
A)protein
B)amino acid
C)oxygen
D)Nucleic
5.______ ______ occur when two or more polypeptide chains combine
from the protein.
A)disulfide bridges
B)tertiary structures
C)quaternary structures
D) a b c are all right
6.Some function as hormones to send chemical messages between
as enzymes to speed up chemical reactions in your body.
A)cells
to
____ ore
B)tyrosine
C)glutamine
D)amino
1.a 2.b 3.c 4.a 5.a 6a
True or False Questions
1. each amino acid contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, similar to carbohydrates and
lipids._____
2. the different R group give the various amino acids different biological
properties.______
3. amino group’ symbol is HN2_______
4. the bonds that from between adjacent amino acids are known as primary
bonds.______
5. a number of proteins to the metabolism of different types of cells contain metal
ions.______
6. the blood of some other organisms contains different complexes._____
1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.T
7. What does the term metabolism refers to?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Chemical reactions
Enzymes
When two chemicals doesn’t act together
Carbohydrate reaction
8. What does the term “Endergonic” means?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Energy in
Energy out
Energy flowing both ways
None of the above
9. What does the term “Exergonic” mean?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Energy in
Energy out
Energy flowing both ways
None of the above
10. Cellular respiration is:
a)
b)
c)
d)
the name for a series of reactions in cells that releases energy
Making of ATP
Making of ADP
None of the above
11. What is ATP?
a)
b)
c)
d)
a energy molecule
enzymes
a bond between two molecules
a bond between two cells
12. Where does the ATP store its energy?
a)
ATP doesn’t store energy
b) in its molecule
c) in chemical bonds
d) none of the above
ANSWERS:
7. A
8. A
9. B
10. A
11. A
12. C
7. What provides the backbone of the molecules?
a) Carbon
b) Hydrogen
c) Calcium
d) Nitrogen
8. Is Carbohydrates:
a) Monomers
b) Polymers
c) Maltose
d) Sucrose
9. The monomer forms of carbohydrates are as:
a) Disaccharides
b) Polysaccharides
c) Monosaccharides
d) Hydrolysis
10. Important polysaccharides includes:
a) Starch
b) Glycogen
c) Cellulose
d) All of the above
11. Muscles calls needs glucose and it uses as much as it can, where does the left out glucose stores?
a) Starch
b) Cellulose
c) Glycogen
d) None of the above
12. What is produced in the disaccharides maltose reaction?
a) Glucose
b) Water
c) Oxygen
d) Nitrogen
ANSWERS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
A
A
C
D
C
B
1. What is the function of the cholesterol found within the cell membrane?
a) To help keep the membrane fluid
b) At low temperature helps to keep phospholipids apart
c) Helps stabilize the membrane
d) All of the above
2. Cell walls are NOT found in:
a) Plant cells
b) Animal cells
c) Not found in either
d) Found in both
3. Cytoplasm consists of:
a) Ions and molecules
b) Enzymes and proteins
c) Ions and proteins
d) Molecules and enzymes
4. The nucleus is separated from the rest of the cell by the:
a) Cell wall
b) Cell envelope
c) Nucleus wall
d) All of the above
5. The cell wall is made of a double layer of what molecule?
a) Plasma
b) Chromatin
c) Cytoplasm
d) None of the above
6. What are plant cells wall are made out of?
a) Cellulose
b) Polysaccharides
c) Polysaccharides cellulose
d) Glycoproteins
ANSWERS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
D
B
A
B
D
C
1. ATP is energy molecule.
TRUE / FALSE
2. Biological endergonic reactions produce molecules
containing covalent bonds that store energy.
TRUE / FALSE
3. Exergonic requires energy in order to proceed.
TRUE / FALSE
4. Endergonic releases energy out.
TRUE / FALSE
5. ADP molecules can be converted back into ATP.
TRUE / FALSE
6. Energy releases from breakdown of ADP.
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
TRUE
TRUE
FALSE
FLASE
TRUE
4. The cell membrane is the only thing between the cell
and it’s outside environment.
5. A cell wall can only be found in animal cell not a plant
cell.
6. Cellulose cell walls are weaker and thinner then the
TRUE / FALSE
TRUE / FALSE
cell membrane.
TRUE / FALSE
4. Penicillin works to prevent the formation of
bacterial cells.
TRUE / FALSE
6. Under a light microscope the nucleus appears very
thin.
TRUE / FALSE
6. The nucleus is the genetic control center of the cell.
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE
TRUE
TRUE
1. The molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6?
TRUE / FALSE
2. Disaccharide is form by dehydration synthesis?
TRUE / FALSE
3. Dehydration synthesis is also known as hydrolysis?
TRUE / FALSE
4. Disaccharides are broken down into monomers by
hydrolysis?
TRUE / FALSE
5.Difference between the polysaccharides are caused
by difference between in their molecular structure?
TRUE / FALSE
6. Glycogen is a long-term energy storage molecule
in human cells?
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. TRUE
5. TRUE
4.2 Enzymes 4.3 Protein Synthesis
1. _____ are specialized protein molecules that function as biological catalysts.
a) Enzymes
b) Substrates
c) Enzyme
d) Glucose
2. Enzymes allow reactions to be completed up to _____ times faster than they
would the presence of the enzymes.
a) 10 billion
b) 1 billion
c) 100 billion
d) 1000 billion
3. For each enzyme generally catalyzes, how many chemical reaction?
a) one
b) two
c) three
d) four
4. All the organelles of the cell wok together to produce protein through the process
of ____ _____.
a) protein synthesis
b) messenger RNA
c) transfer RNA
d) activation energy
5. Once the polypeptide has been assembled at the ribosome it enter the _______.
a) RER
b) RNA
c) ANA
d) TBA
6. ______ ______ is the knowledge of cellular is a number of techniques that use
the knowledge of cellular function such as protein synthesis to diagnose diseases.
a) nuclear medicine
b) messenger RNA
c) transfer RNA
d) activation energy
1-6 all A.
True or False Questions
1. The enzyme analyzed reaction occurs at a location on catalysts known as at the
action site._______
2. without enzyme you would use less energy._____
3. with enzyme net energy released.______
4. RNA have same function that DNA.____
5. the manufacture and export of a protein is a complex process.
6. Proteins are essential to the life of the cell.
1.F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T
8.2 The Digestive System
Multiple Choice Questions:
1) Some examples of organs in the digestive system include:
a) the stomach, liver, small intestine
b) the heart, stomach, small intestine
c) the stomach, small intestine and trachea
d) the trachea, heart, pancreas
2) The state of constancy in an organism’s internal environment despite the changes in
the external environment is:
a) homeostasis
b) homogeneity
c) hemochromatosis
d) homozygous
3) The various layers of tissue in the digestive tract include:
a) the mucosa, submucosa, circular and longitudinal muscle, and the serosa.
b) the mucosa, submucosa, and the serosa.
c) the mucosa, submucosa and a layer of smooth muscle
d) none of the above
4) Type of digestion:
a) mechanical
b) chemical
c) a and b
d) none of the above
5) Absorption occurs primarily in the___________.
a) large intestine
b) small intestine
c) stomach
d) pancreas
6) A series of coordinated muscle contractions is:
a) reflux
b) homeostasis
c) peristalsis
d) none of the above
7) The stomach can hold approximately _____ L of food.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 1.5
d) 2.5
8) Gastric glands in the stomach lining contain cells that secrete:
a) HCL
b) pepsinogen
c) chyme
d) a and b
e) a and c
True or False Questions:
1) The stomach acts as a reservoir to receive all the food at once. (T)
2) Chyme is a thick layer of smooth muscle. (F)
3) Stomach ulcers are very common disorders. (T)
4) The small intestine consists of four consecutive sections. (F)
5) The lining of the small intestine has finger-like extensions of the mucosa called villi.
(T)
6) Defecation is controlled by two anal sphincters and occurs usually once or twice a day
in humans. (T)
8.1 Nutrition
Multiple Choice Questions
1) The amount of energy that different people require depends on:
a) their level of activity
b) their specific medications
c) whether they are male or female
d) all of the above
2) Any substance that has a useful function when taken up by body cells is:
a) carbohydrates
b) nutrients
c) calories
d) proteins
3) The metric unit used to measure energy is a ________.
a) metre
b) watt
c) joule
d) volt
4) Many food companies still recognize and use the _______ as a unit of measurement.
a) joule
b) metre
c) carbohydrate
d) calorie
5)A calorie is a unit of ________.
a) heat
b) energy
c) measurement
d) carbohydrates
6) All food substances can be divided into:
a) organic and inorganic groups
b) lipid and carbohydrate groups
c) carbohydrate and protein groups
d) none of the above
7) Some organic components of food include:
a) fats and minerals
b) vitamins and carbohydrates
c) proteins and water
d) all of the above
8) Vitamins and minerals are called___________.
a) macronutrients
b) micronutrients
c) roughage
d) none of the above
True or False Questions:
1) Carbohydrates are organic compounds made of only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. (T)
2) Common examples of carbohydrates include starches, sugars and cellulose. (T)
3) Glucose is a simple, double unit or dissacharide. (F)
4) Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in the cell wall of plants. (T)
5) Fats surround nerves and help them deliver signals quickly and accurately. (T)
6) Proteins are the second most important compounds for providing structure within the
body. (F)
7) Most vitamins act as coenzymes. (T)
8) Extracellular fluid helps to carry away metabolic wastes. (T)
9) Anorexia and bulimia are not categorized as eating disorders. (F)
7. Gills are found in?
a) Fish
b) Goat
c) Dog
d) Lion
8. What is the job of gills?
a) allows water to go through
b) specialize in gas exchange
c) allows food to go through
d) None of the above
9. Spiracles are found in?
a) Fish
b) Peacock
c) Frog
d) Insects
10. Grasshoppers have enlargements at the end of their tracheal
Tube is called:
a) Air sacs
b) Sacs
c) Air passer
d) None of the above
11. How many gills arches are in fish’s body?
a) Two
b) Four
c) Six
d) Eight
12. Each gill filament contains many flat structures called:
a) Opercula
b) Gill arches
c) Lamellae
d) Tracheal tube
ANSWERS:
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. A
11. B
12. C
1. The organ of gas exchange in the plant is the leaf.
TRUE / FALSE
2. Birds have the same gas exchange as human.
TRUE / FALSE
3. In birds, during the exhalations, both sets of air sacs deflate.
TRUE / FLASE
4. There are eight gills arches in fish’s body.
TRUE / FALSE
4. The grasshopper exchanges gas through the air sacs.
TRUE / FALSE
5. Earthworm uses its skin for gas exchange.
TRUE / FALSE
ANSWERS:
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
TRUE
FALSE
TRUE
FALSE
FALSE
TRUE