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Unit 12 Review Game: The 1940s & 1950s
1. Throughout most of the 1930s, the American people
responded to the aggressive actions of Germany, Italy,
and Japan by
[A] giving only economic help to the targets of aggression.
[B] assisting their victims with military aid.
[C] beginning to build up their military forces.
[D] demanding an oil embargo on all warring nations.
[E] retreating further into isolationism.
2. Fascist aggression in the 1930s included Mussolini’s
invasion of ___, Hitler’s invasion of __, and Japan’s
invasion of __.
[A] Ethiopia, Norway, China
[B] Belgium, the Soviet Union, Manchuria
[C] Albania, Italy, Korea
[D] Egypt, France, China
[E] Ethiopia, Czechoslovakia, Manchuria
3. Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937
by the USA resulted in all of the following except
[A] balancing the scales between dictators and U.S. allies
by trading with neither.
[B] a decline in the navy and other armed forces.
[C] abandonment of the traditional policy of freedom of the
seas.
[D] spurring aggressors along their path of conquest.
[E] making no distinction whatever between aggressors
and victims.
4. From 1925 to 1940, America changed its policy of
selling arms to warring nations from:
[A] cash-and-carry to lend-lease to embargo.
[B] embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease.
[C] lend-lease to embargo to cash-and-carry.
[D] lend-lease to cash-and-carry to embargo.
[E] embargo to lend-lease to cash-and-carry.
5. Franklin Roosevelt’s sensational “Quarantine Speech”
resulted in
[A] immediate British support of U.S. policy.
[B] Japanese aggression in China.
[C] support from both Democratic and Republican leaders.
[D] a wave of protest by isolationists.
[E] a modification of the Neutrality Acts.
6. In 1938 the British and French bought peace with Hitler
at the Munich Conference at the expense of
[A] Czechoslovakia.
[B] Poland.
[C] the free city of Danzig.
[D] Belgium.
[E] Austria.
7. Shortly after Adolf Hitler signed a nonaggression pact
with the Soviet Union,
[A] the Germans invaded Finland.
[B] Italy signed a similar agreement with the Soviets.
[C] Germany invaded Poland and started World War II.
[D] Britain and France signed a similar agreement.
[E] the Soviets attacked China.
8. The 1st casualty of the 1939 Hitler-Stalin nonaggression
treaty was
[A] Austria.
[B] Belgium.
[C] the Jews.
[D] Poland.
[E] Czechoslovakia.
9. Which of the following nations was not conquered by
Germany between September 1939 and June 1940?
[A] the Netherlands
[B] France
[C] Finland
[D] Poland
[E] Norway
10. The U.S. military refused to bomb Nazi gas chambers
such as those at Auschwitz and Dachau because of the
belief that
[A] bombing would kill the Jews kept there.
[B] such attacks would not seriously impede the killing of
Jews.
[C] the military was unsure of the gas chambers’ location.
[D] bombing would divert essential military resources.
[E] all of these.
11. Congress’s 1st response to the fall of France in 1940
was to
[A] revoke all the neutrality laws.
[B] call for the quarantining of aggressor nations.
[C] enact a new neutrality law enabling the Allies to buy
American war materials on a cash-and-carry basis.
[D] expand naval patrols in the Atlantic.
[E] pass a conscription law.
12. In return for old American destroyers, the British gave
the USA
[A] six air bases in Scotland and Iceland.
[B] a role in developing the atomic bomb.
[C] “most favored nation” status.
[D] access to German military codes.
[E] eight valuable naval bases.
13. FDR was motivated to run for a third term in 1940
mainly by his
[A] belief that America needed his experienced leadership
during the international crisis.
[B] mania for power.
[C] opposition to Willkie’s pledge to restore a strict policy
of American neutrality.
[D] belief that the two-term tradition limited democratic
choice.
[E] personal desire to defeat his old political rival, Wendell
Willkie.
14. The 1941 lend-lease program was all of the following
except
[A] another privately arranged executive deal, like the
destroyers-for-bases trade.
[B] a focus of intense debate between internationalists and
isolationists.
[C] a direct challenge to the Axis dictators.
[D] the catalyst that caused American factories to prepare
for all-out war production.
[E] the point when all pretense of American neutrality was
abandoned.
15. When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the
U.S.
[A] sent U.S. ships to Soviet naval bases.
[B] made lend-lease aid available to the Soviets.
[C] gave only nonmilitary aid to Russia.
[D] refused to provide any help, either military or
economic.
[E] promised aid to the Soviets but did not deliver.
16. Japan believed that it was forced into war with the USA
because Franklin Roosevelt insisted that Japan
[A] renew its trade with America.
[B] break its treaty of nonaggression with Germany.
[C] find alternative sources of oil.
[D] leave China.
[E] withdraw from the Dutch East Indies.
17. On the eve of Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor, a large
majority of Americans
[A] were beginning to question the increased aid given to
Britain.
[B] were ready to fight Germany but not Japan.
[C] still wanted to keep the United States out of war.
[D] accepted the idea that America would enter the war.
[E] did not oppose Japan’s conquests in East Asia.
18. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A)
Munich Conference, (B) German invasion of Poland,
(C) Hitler-Stalin nonaggression treaty.
[A] C, B, A
[B] C, A, B
[C] B, C, A
[D] A, B, C
[E] A, C, B
19. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
(A) fall of France, (B) Atlantic Conference, (C)
Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union.
[A] A, B, C
[B] B, A, C
[C] C, B, A
[D] C, A, B
[E] A, C, B
20. As World War II began for the U.S. in 1941, President
Roosevelt
[A] decided to concentrate first on the war in Europe and
to place the Pacific war on hold.
[B] declared that the first strategic goal was recovery from
Pearl Harbor.
[C] led a seriously divided nation into the conflict.
[D] called the American people to the same kind of
idealistic crusade with the same rhetoric that Wilson
had used in World War I.
[E] endorsed the same kind of government persecution of
German-Americans as Wilson had in World War I.
21. Japanese-Americans were placed in concentration
camps during World War II
[A] as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear.
[B] in retaliation for the placement of Americans in
concentration camps by the Japanese.
[C] due to numerous acts of sabotage.
[D] because many were loyal to Japan.
[E] all of these.
22. Match each of the wartime agencies below with its
correct function:
__ A. War Production Board
__ B. Office of Price Administration
__ C. War Labor Board
__ D. Fair Employment Practices Commission
1. assigned priorities with respect to the use of raw
materials and transportation facilities
2. controlled inflation by rationing essential goods
3. imposed ceilings on wage increases
4. saw to it that no hiring discrimination practices were
used against blacks seeking employment in war
industries
[A] A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
[B] A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
[C] A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
[D] A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
[E] A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
23. The employment of more than six million women in
American industry during World War II led to
[A] a greater percentage of American women in war
industries than anywhere else in the world.
[B] a strong desire of most women to work for wages.
[C] equal pay for men and women.
[D] the establishment of day-care centers by the
government.
[E] a reduction in employment for black males.
24. By the end of World War II, the heart of the United
States’ African-American community had shifted to
[A] Midwestern small towns.
[B] the Pacific Northwest.
[C] Florida and the Carolinas.
[D] southern cities.
[E] northern cities.
25. Most of the money raised to finance World War II
came through
[A] voluntary contributions.
[B] excise taxes on luxury goods.
[C] raising income taxes.
[D] borrowing.
[E] tariff collections.
26. The tide of Japanese conquest in the Pacific was turned
following the Battle of
[A] Guadalcanal.
[B] Midway.
[C] Leyte Gulf.
[D] the Coral Sea.
[E] Bataan and Corregidor.
27. In waging war against Japan, the U.S. relied mainly on
a strategy of
[A] fortifying China by transporting supplies from India
over the Himalayan “hump.”
[B] “island hopping” across the South Pacific while
bypassing Japanese strongholds.
[C] heavy bombing from Chinese air bases.
[D] invading Japanese strongholds in Southeast Asia.
[E] turning the Japanese flanks in New Guinea and Alaska.
28. The conquest of __ was especially important, because
from there Americans could conduct round-trip
bombing raids on the Japanese home islands.
[A] Guadalcanal
[B] Okinawa
[C] New Guinea
[D] Wake Island
[E] Guam
29. The Allies postponed opening a second front in
Europe until 1944 because
[A] they believed that North Africa was more strategically
vital.
[B] of British reluctance and lack of adequate shipping.
[C] they hoped that Germany and the Soviet Union would
cripple each other.
[D] men and material were needed more urgently in the
Pacific.
[E] the Soviet Union requested a delay until it could join
the campaign.
30. The cross-channel invasion of Normandy to open a
second front in Europe was commanded by General
[A] Douglas MacArthur.
[B] Dwight Eisenhower.
[C] Omar Bradley.
[D] Bernard Montgomery.
[E] George Patton.
31. The Potsdam conference
[A] issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or be
destroyed.
[B] was Franklin Roosevelt’s last meeting with Churchill
and Stalin.
[C] concluded that the Soviet Union would enter the war
in the Pacific.
[D] brought France and China in as part of the “Big Five.
[E] determined the fate of Eastern Europe.
32. The spending of enormous sums on the original atomic
bomb project was spurred by the belief that
[A] the Japanese were at work on an atomic bomb project
of their own.
[B] scientists like Albert Einstein might be lost to the war
effort.
[C] a nuclear weapon was the only way to win the war.
[D] the Germans might acquire such a weapon first.
[E] the American public would not tolerate the casualties
that would result from a land invasion of Japan.
33. Which of the following was not among the qualities of
the American participation in World War II?
[A] a higher percentage of military casualties than any
other Allied nation
[B] the preservation of the American homeland against
invasion or destruction from the air
[C] an enormously effective effort in producing weapons
and supplies
[D] the maintenance and re-affirmation of the strength of
American democracy
[E] a group of highly effective military and political
leaders
34. The NSC-68 document reflected the American belief
[A] that military spending would help the economy.
[B] that huge sacrifices would be needed by Americans to
fight the Cold War.
[C] in our limitless capabilities.
[D] that we needed help to fight the spread of communism.
[E] in the futility of containment.
41. Joseph Stalin viewed the greatest threat to postwar
Soviet Union was in
[A] the North Atlantic.
[B] Japan and the Far East.
[C] the Mediterranean.
[D] Eastern Europe.
[E] the Middle East.
35. Arrange the following events in chronological order:
(A) Berlin airlift, (B) Korean War, (C) fall of China.
[A] B, C, A
[B] C, B, A
[C] A, B, C
[D] C, A, B
[E] A, C, B
42. The responsibility for starting the Cold War rests with
the
[A] Soviet Union and Britain.
[B] United States and Soviet Union.
[C] United States.
[D] Soviet Union.
[E] Soviet Union and China.
36. Arrange the following in chronological order of their
appearance: (A) Marshall Plan, (B) Truman Doctrine,
(C) NATO.
[A] C, B, A
[B] B, A, C
[C] A, C, B
[D] A, B, C
[E] B, C, A
43. In regard to postwar Germany, the Big Three allies
agreed that at Potsdam Conference
[A] Germany should receive massive economic aid.
[B] Germany should be divided into East and West
Germany.
[C] occupied Germany should be reunited as soon as
possible.
[D] high-ranking Nazis should be tried and punished for
war crimes.
[E] Germany should pay economically crippling war
reparations.
37. The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was passed to check the
growing power of
[A] leftists and communists.
[B] the federal bureaucracy.
[C] the presidency.
[D] labor unions.
[E] blacks.
38. The post-World War II prosperity in the United States
was most beneficial to
[A] Hispanics.
[B] women.
[C] African-Americans.
[D] labor unions.
[E] farmers.
39. All of the following encouraged many Americans to
move to the suburbs except
[A] “white flight” from racial change.
[B] tax deductions for interest payments on home
mortgages.
[C] government-built highways.
[D] development of fuel-efficient automobiles.
[E] home-loan guarantees from the Federal Housing
Authority.
40. The huge “baby boom” crested in the __________ and
has been declining ever since.
[A] mid-1960s
[B] early 1950s
[C] late 1950s
[D] early 1970s
[E] late 1940s
44. When the Soviet Union denied the United States,
Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President
Truman responded by
[A] declaring that an “iron curtain” had descended across
Central Europe.
[B] denying the Soviets access to West Germany.
[C] asking the United Nations to intervene.
[D] sending an armed convoy to Berlin.
[E] organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin.
45. Secretary of State George Marshall (and George
Kennan) framed a coherent approach for America in
the Cold War by advising a policy of
[A] détente.
[B] negotiation.
[C] containment.
[D] appeasement.
[E] limited war.
46. The immediate concern that prompted the
announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to
events in
[A] Communist China.
[B] Iran.
[C] Czechoslovakia.
[D] Berlin.
[E] Greece and Turkey.
47. Under the Truman Doctrine, the USA pledged to
[A] support those who were resisting subjugation by
communists.
[B] refrain from polarizing the world into pro-Soviet and
pro-American camps.
[C] give very limited assistance to nations fighting
communism.
[D] work to liberate the “captive nations” of Eastern
Europe.
[E] maintain prosperity in America after World War II.
48. President Truman’s Marshall Plan called for
[A] an alliance to contain the Soviet Union.
[B] military aid for Europe.
[C] substantial financial assistance to rebuild Western
Europe.
[D] economic aid for Japan.
[E] foreign aid for Third World countries to resist
communism.
49. In an effort to detect communists within the
government, President Harry Truman established the
[A] Loyalty Review Board.
[B] Central Intelligence Agency.
[C] Committee on Un-American Activities.
[D] McCarran Internal Security Act.
[E] Smith Act.
50. President Truman’s domestic welfare legislative plan
was dubbed the
[A] Square Deal.
[B] Redeal.
[C] New Deal.
[D] New Frontier.
[E] Fair Deal.
51. Senator McCarthy first rose to national prominence by
[A] revealing that communist spies were passing atomic
secrets to the Soviet Union.
[B] mobilizing Republicans to demand a stronger
anticommunist foreign policy in East Asia.
[C] charging that there was extensive communist influence
in Hollywood and elsewhere in the media.
[D] asserting that General George Marshall was part of a
communist conspiracy within the U.S. Army.
[E] charging that dozens of known communists were
working within the U.S. State Department.
52. President Eisenhower defined the domestic philosophy
of his administration as
[A] “dynamic conservatism.”
[B] “compassionate conservatism.”
[C] “the silent majority.”
[D] “the Fair Deal.”
[E] “two cars in every garage.”
53. During his presidency, Dwight Eisenhower accepted
the principle and extended the benefits of
[A] deficit spending.
[B] federal health care programs.
[C] racial equality.
[D] the Tennessee Valley Authority.
[E] the Social Security system.
54. The largest public works project during Eisenhower’s
presidency was
[A] construction of the interstate highway system.
[B] the space program.
[C] offshore oil drilling.
[D] the building of Grand Coulee Dam.
[E] the polio vaccine program.
55. President Eisenhower’s “New Look” foreign policy in
the 1950s planned for
[A] a buildup of unconventional and guerrilla-warfare
forces.
[B] the dismantling of the military-industrial complex.
[C] the rapid deployment of the navy and marines to
trouble spots.
[D] massive new military spending.
[E] greater reliance on air power and the deterrent power
of nuclear weapons.
56. The Communist leader of Vietnam was
[A] Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung).
[B] Dienbienphu.
[C] Nguyen Cao Ky.
[D] Ngo Dinh Diem.
[E] Ho Chi Minh.
57. In 1956 the United States condemned ___ as the
aggressors in the Suez Canal crisis.
[A] Egypt and Jordan
[B] Lebanon and Syria
[C] Britain and France
[D] the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact members
[E] Israel and Turkey
58. During the 1950s, the Central Intelligence Agency
engineered pro-American political coups in both
[A] Iraq and Nicaragua.
[B] Libya and Costa Rica.
[C] Lebanon and El Salvador.
[D] Iran and Guatemala.
[E] Egypt and Cuba.
59. The 1957 Eisenhower Doctrine empowered the
president to extend economic and military aid to
nations of ____ that wanted help resisting communism
[A] Southeast Asia
[B] Africa
[C] Latin America
[D] Central and Eastern Europe
[E] the Middle East
60. The affluent life-style developed in America during the
1950s was stimulated mainly by
[A] the new technology of television.
[B] a decline in religious values.
[C] foreign investment in the United States.
[D] a return to the ethic of rugged individualism.
[E] the growth of the stock market.
61. Several critics of the new consumerism of the 1950s
charged that the American people
[A] had developed into a generation of conformists.
[B] were buying too many foreign-made products.
[C] were relying too much on government welfare.
[D] were losing their sense of moral priorities.
[E] had become too individualistic.
62. In The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan discusses
[A] what makes women appealing to men.
[B] the stifling boredom of suburban housewifery.
[C] why women are different from men.
[D] the reason that women should adapt to the postwar
“cult of domesticity.”
[E] strategies for altering the image of women.
Unit 12 Review Game: The 1940s & 1950s
[1] [E]
[12] [E]
[23] [D]
[2] [E]
[13] [A]
[24] [E]
[3] [A]
[14] [A]
[25] [D]
[4] [B]
[15] [B]
[26] [B]
[5] [D]
[16] [D]
[27] [B]
[6] [A]
[17] [C]
[28] [E]
[7] [C]
[18] [E]
[29] [B]
[8] [D]
[19] [E]
[30] [B]
[9] [C]
[20] [A]
[31] [A]
[10] [D]
[21] [A]
[32] [E]
[11] [E]
[22] [B]
[33] [A]
[34] [C]
[45] [C]
[56] [E]
[35] [E]
[46] [E]
[57] [C]
[36] [B]
[47] [A]
[58] [D]
[37] [D]
[48] [C]
[59] [E]
[38] [B]
[49] [A]
[60] [A]
[39] [D]
[50] [E]
[61] [A]
[40] [C]
[51] [E]
[62] [B]
[41] D]
[52] [A]
[42] [B]
[53] [E]
[43] [D]
[54] [A]
[44] [E]
[55] [E]