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THE CIVIL WAR
S S 5 H 1 T H E S T U D E N T W I L L E X P L A I N T H E C AU S E S,
M A J OR EV EN TS, A N D CON S EQUEN CES OF TH E
C I V I L WA R .
ABC Book
By: Kristi Colding
From 1861 to 1865, the American union was broken as
the northern states fought the southern states in a Civil War that
remains a defining moment in our nation's history. Its causes and
consequences, including the continuing struggle for civil rights for
all Americans, carry on to this day. From the battlefields to the
home front, the cost of the war was outrageously high.
A
FRICAN AMERICANS
African Americans were used
for hard labor. This act of
controlling African Americans
for labor was called slavery.
Since slavery was banned in the
north and was needed for the
agricultural economy in the
south, conflicts resulted
between the two groups.
Battles are what the Civil
War consisted mostly of.
Some were small with few
casualties while some were
huge and killed hundreds.
Some of these battles
include: The Battle of
Gettysburg, The Seven
Days Battle, The Battle of
Chickamauga, The Battle
of Shiloh, and The Battle
of Fort Sumter.
B
ATTLES
C
onfederates
Confederates were another
name for the southern
region in the war. They
supported slavery because
it was needed for their
agriculture based economy.
They needed slaves to
work the fields for cotton,
tobacco, rice, and other
agricultural products.
D
Draft riots occurred first in the
civil war. The south was the first
to begin drafting citizens closely
followed by the north. Once
drafted, they could choose to pay a
fine to be exempt, replace
themselves with someone else, or
go into the war. Since most people
didn't have the money to be
exempt, they used their slaves to
replace them. This caused draft
riots.
raft Riots
E
MANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
Emancipation Proclamation
was an executive order issued
by Abraham Lincoln during
the civil war. This freed 3.1
million of the nation's 4
million slaves. 50,000 of them
were freed on the spot while
the rest of them were also free;
they had to serve in the union
militia.
F
ORT SUMTER
This major battle signifies the
beginning of the Civil War.
Fort Sumter is the famous
grounds of the Battle of Fort
Sumter occurring on April
12th and 13th of 1861. First,
it was controlled by the union
until they surrendered it to
the confederates while they
were under fire.
G
ettysburg, Pennsylvania
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania was
the famous location where the
turning point of the war
occurred. This battle occurred
between July 1st through July 3rd
in 1863.The confederate troops
suffered a great loss during this
battle that cost them the war.
Hardtack
Hardtack was a simple
biscuit or cracker used as
food during the Civil War.
It was a popular choice
because it was inexpensive
and long-lasting. Hardtack
consisted of mostly flour,
water, and sometimes salt.
Illness
Illness was a major problem
during the civil war. There
were more deaths from
spread infections and
diseases than from the actual
war. These diseases were
usually treated with either
laxative for fever and
amputation for infection or
gunshot wounds.
Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Davis was the
elected president of the
confederate states during
the civil war. He believed
that all states had a right to
secede from the Union,
making him the perfect
leader of the confederates.
K
ansas Nebraska Act
Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854
gave each individual state the
right to vote to either allow
slavery or abolish it. This act
was meant to ease tension
between the north and south
but instead, it was a leading
cause for the civil war.
Laxatives
Laxatives were a
commonly used
medication during the
civil war. Since there
was little medical
knowledge during this
time, laxatives were used
to treat most fevers.
M
alaria
Malaria was one of the
killing diseases of the civil
war. It is carried by
mosquitoes and injected
when bitten by a mosquito.
Symptoms include: fever,
headache, and in more severe
cases a coma or death.
N
Northern states opposed the
southern states in the war.
They believed that slavery was
wrong and should be
abolished from the nation.
Also, since their economy was
based more on industry than
agriculture, they didn't need
slaves as much as the south
did.
orthern States
O
ak Grove
Oak Grove was another
important battle of the civil
war. This battle took place on
June 25, 1862 and ended with
about 1000 casualties from
both the Union and the
Confederates. It was
considered to be the first of
the seven days battles.
P
residential Election of 1864
Presidential Election of 1864 occurred during the Civil War. It was
Lincoln's re-election as president and his opposing candidate was his
former civil war general, George B. McClellan. Since the confederates
had seceded from the union prior to this election, only the northern
states could vote in it.
Q
uantrill’s Raiders
Quantrill's Raiders were a
loosely organized group that
fought in the civil war. They
fought under the leadership
of William Clarke Quantrill
for the Confederates.
R
ifles
Rifles were the most commonly used
weapon for both the Union and the
Confederates. They had a basic design
and were usually loaded with a small
lead ball and black powder. These rifles
were not very powerful and only killed
when shot in vital areas of the body.
S
tarvation
Starvation was a major
problem for both the northern
and the Southern states. Food
was scarce and when it was
available it was eaten quickly.
The lack of food weakened the
soldiers body's making them
more prone to illnesses and
diseases.
Tobacco
Tobacco was very popular among
soldiers during the civil war. At
night after their day of fighting
their enemy, they would relax and
use tobacco products. After the
war, soldiers found that they
could not stop using them.
Tobacco became popular
nationwide because of the civil
war.
U
nion
Union was another name for
the northern states in the Civil
War. They were against slavery
thinking that it was abusive to
the right of human beings.
They fought the pro-slavery
confederates who believed that
slavery was a necessary and
appropriate part of life.
V
icksburg, Mississippi
Vicksburg, Mississippi was
another important battle
in the Civil War. This
battle occurred from May
18th to July 4th in 1863. It
was the final major
military action in the
Vicksburg campaign.
W
eaponry
Weaponry was used to
cause the opponent to
surrender due to loss of
troops. These weapons
included knives, swords,
and firearms. All wars
including the civil war are
based upon weaponry
and which side of the war
has the upper hand.
X
X-slaves were what slaves
became after the civil war.
The Union believed that
slavery should be abolished
from the United States and
since they won the war,
they abolished slavery .
-slaves
Y
ankee
Yankee was one of the
nicknames given to the
Union. These nicknames
were issued by the union's
opponent, The
Confederates. Another
nickname for the Union was
Yanks or Blue Bellies.
A zouave regiment was
characterized by its
soldiers' bright, colorful
uniforms which usually
included baggy trousers,
a vest, and a fez in
different combinations
of red, white, and blue.
American zouave units
were found in both
Union and Confederate
armies.
Zouave