Download Main Idea – The issue of slavery dominated U

Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
Questions and
Summary(30 pts)
Main Idea – The issue of slavery dominated U.S. politics in the 1850s and led to
increased sectional tensions between the North and South.
Differences Between North and South
-
North –
o economy based on manufacturing and
___________________________________
o _______________________________ construction very common
o __________________________________(growth of cities)
o __________________________________ from European
countries was common
-
South –
o economy based on _____________________________ and
_________________
o _____________________________ was the major cash crop
o lack of railroads and industry
o no significant European _____________________________ to the
South
Slavery in the Territories
-
____________________________________ – def. – plan to ban slavery
from expanding into lands won from Mexico during the Mexican War
o SIG – sparked sectional conflict over ________________ issue –
North vs. South
-
____________________________ applied for statehood as a free state
o ______________________ of 1849 led to an explosion in
California’s population
o Upset Southerners – demanded that slavery be allowed to expand
West
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
The Compromise of 1850
-
Background: _____________________________ (aka “The Great
Compromiser”) - wanted to avoid conflict between North and South,
developed a compromise
-
_________________________ - admitted to the Union as a free state
_____________________ and _______________ territories would use
popular sovereignty to decide slavery issue
o _____________________________________ – def. – the residents
of a territory would vote for or against slavery
-
New Mexico and Texas border dispute settled in favor of
_________________________, but Texas received debts paid by federal
government
-
_______________________________ in Washington D.C. was abolished
o Very popular in the North, very controversial in the South
-
New _______________________________________ passed in order to
return escaped slaves to plantations in the South
o Very popular in the South, very controversial in the
__________________
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
Idea – Proslavery factions in the South and antislavery factions in the North
disagreed over the treatment of fugitive slaves and the spread of slavery to the
territories. This resulted in increased sectionalism between the regions.
Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad
-
Northerners angered by the new
______________________________________ - part of the Compromise
of 1850
o runaway slaves could NOT testify in court and no trial by jury
o Helping an escaped slave resulted in fines and jail time
-
________________________________________ – def. – secret network
of abolitionists who would help fugitive slaves escape to the North and
Canada
o __________________________________ – former slave and
“conductor” on the underground railroad
 Made 19 trips and helped 300 people to freedom
 Nicknamed “________________” of her people for her
efforts
-
________________________________________ (1852) – antislavery
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
novel
o Written by
_________________________________________________
o Attacked the institution of slavery as evil, became a bestseller in
the North
o SIG – increased sectional tensions between North and South
Tensions in Kansas
-
__________________________________________ (1854) – Stephen
Douglas’ plan to organize territories in the West
o _______________________________________ - settlers in the
territories would vote for or against slavery in both Kansas and
Nebraska
o Repealed the _______________________________ – Kansas and
Nebraska were both north of the 36 30’ parallel line (slavery had
been banned North of that line)
o SIG – sectional tensions exploded – Northerners resented the idea
that slavery could expand to lands where slavery had been banned
 led to the formation of the
______________________________________
-
“_______________________________________” – violence erupted as
pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers rushed to Kansas and began fighting
with each other
o Two rival governments were set up for the Kansas territory

Pro-slavery capital = ________________________
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________

Anti-slavery
capital =
__________
__________
___
o “_______________
________________
_______” – proslavery men burned
and looted an antislavery town
o “_______________
________________
_______” – Five
slave owners
murdered with
broad-swords in
Kansas by
abolitionist
________________
______________
o SIG – Kansas
erupted in its own
civil war
-
“_________________________________” – Senator Charles Sumner
(Massachusetts) was beaten with a cane by Preston Brooks (South
Carolina) in the U.S. Senate
o SIG – sectional tensions increased – North defended Sumner,
South cheered Brooks
10.3 Main Idea – In the mid-1850s, the issue of slavery and other factors split
political parties and led to the birth of new ones, including the Republican Party.
New Political Parties Emerge
-
Background: _____________________ – collapsed by 1854 due to
conflicts over slavery
-
___________________________________ (aka American Party) –
established 1854
o Members believed in ______________________ – def. – favoring
of native-born Americans over immigrants
o anti-immigrant and ____________________________________
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
-
___________________________ – established 1854 in reaction to Kansas
Nebraska Act
o Opposed to the __________________________________ into
western territories
o Supported by many people in the _____________as a result of
“Bleeding Kansas”
10.4 Main Idea – A series of controversial events heightened the sectional conflict
that brought the nation to the brink of civil war.
Slavery Dominates Politics
-
President _____________________________________ - elected in 1856
o Weak and indecisive at dealing with the slavery issue
o Typical of____________________________ presidential
leadership in the 1850s
-
Dred Scott v. Sandford (aka
__________________________________________) (1857)
o Background: Dred Scott – African American slave from Missouri
who sued for his freedom because his master had moved him to the
free state of Illinois
o Roger B. Taney (Chief Justice) - ruled that
 African Americans
____________________________________________

_______________________________________ line was
unconstitutional because it violated property rights
o SIG – decision hated by __________ and cheered by __________
= sectionalism
-
-
____________________________________________ (1858)
o Dealt with slavery in the western territories as part of their senate
race in 1858
o SIG - Douglas won the senate race, but Lincoln became known
throughout the North as a possible presidential candidate in 1860
_________________________’s Raid on
_______________________________ (1859)
o John Brown – abolitionist who wanted to lead a
_________________ in the South
o ___________________________ – federal armory and arsenal in
Virginia
 Brown’s goal was to capture weapons for slaves and lead
revolt
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
o John Brown was captured and _______________________ for
treason
o SIG – sectionalism between North and South exploded
 In the __________________, John Brown was viewed as an
evil murderer

In the North, some people viewed Brown as a heroic
___________, others agreed with his views but thought that
he was too radical in his actions
Lincoln is Elected President
-
____________________________ – revealed sectionalism between the
North and South
o Candidates
 ________________________________ (Republican)
 Stephen Douglas (_________________ Democrat)
 John C. Breckenridge (_________________ Democrat)
 John Bell (Constitutional Union Party)
o Lincoln won electoral college but only won 39% of popular vote
 He won all _______________________ states
 He won no _______________________ states
o SIG – _________ was upset at Lincoln’s election – led directly to
secession crisis
Southern Secession
-
____________________________________ (1860-1861)
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
o ___________________ – seceded from the Union as a result of
Lincoln’s election
o Followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana,
and Texas
-
_______________________________________________ (CSA) –
Confederacy created by southern states that seceded from the Union
o Emphasized ______________________________
o Devoted to the protection of _________________________
o _________________________________ = president of the CSA
-
President _______________________ did nothing in response =
ineffective leader
Complete the MAP on the next page:
Label all of the states
Color the North and the South different colors
List the states below that were apart of the Union and the Confederacy:
UNION
CONFEDERACY
Antebellum United States an Southern Secession!
Name:________________________________________
Summary: