Download Name - gcisd

Name:___________________________ Per:_____
Cell Reproduction & Cycle Questions
Cell Cycle
1. Prokaryotic organisms include __BACTERIA__, while plants and animals are
__EUKARYOTIC__.
2. What are chromosomes made of? CHROMATIN Where are they found?
NUCLEUS
3. What is a centromere? POINT OF ATTACHMENT FOR TWO
CHROMATIDS(SISTER CHRMOSOMES)What is a centrosome? STRUCTURE
THAT FORMS THE SPINDLE DURING PROPHASE
4. The stages in the growth and reproduction(Life Cycle)of a cell are called the
__CELL____ ____CYCLE__.
5. List the 5 stages in the cell cycle in order. INTERPHASE, PROPHASE,
METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, TELOPHASE
6. What does G1 stage stand for? FIRST GROWTH
7. Name two things that happen to a cell during G1? INCREASE IN CELL SIZE,
INCREASE IN ORGANELLES, MANUFACTURE OF PROTEINS
8. What is the S stage of the cell cycle? SYNTHESIS
9. Genetic instructions are copied in the S phase as _____DNA____ are replicated.
1
10.
_G2__ stands for second growth stage.
11.
Cells continue to grow during G2 and to make more __CYTOPLASM_____
& _______ORGANELLES_________that will be needed for cell division.
12.
Does a cell continue growing & making proteins in Mitosis?__NO__
13.
Mitosis means division of the ___NUCLEUS_____.
14.
____INTERPHASE______(phase) is the longest part of a cell's life cycle.
15.
What is happening to the cell during interphase? CELL IS GROWING,
DNA REPLICATION, PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
16.
Are chromosomes visible during interphase? NO What are they called in
Interphase? CHROMATIN
17.
Name the 4 stages of mitosis in order. PROPHASE, METAPHASE,
ANAPHASE, TELOPHASE
18.
Name 2 things that happen to a cell during prophase.
a. NUCLEUS DISAPPEARS
b. CENTRIOLES BEGIN TO MIGRATE TO OPPOSITE POLES
19. Can chromosomes be seen during prophase? YES
2
20. Sketch a eukaryotic chromosome and label the centromere and the long anD
short arm.
21. How many pairs of chromosomes are found in a human body, somatic, cell? 46
22. List 2 things that occur during metaphase.
a. CHROMOSOMES ATTACH TO SPINDLE
b. CHROMSOMES LINE UP ON EQUATOR
23. Where are chromosomes located during metaphase of a cell? MIDDLE
24. List 2 things that happen to cells during anaphase.
a. CENTROMERE DIVIDES
b. SISTER CHROMATIDS ARE PULLED BY CONTRACTION OF SPINDLE FIBERS
25. What is the last stage of mitosis? TELOPHASE
26. Where are the two sets of chromosomes moving during Telophase? OPPOSITE
POLES
27. What two nuclear structures reform during Telophase? MUCLEAR
MEMBRANE AND NUCLEOLUS
3
28. Chromosomes unwind during Telophase and are no longer visible as they go
back to _______CHROMATIN___________.
29. In plants, what begins to form that will separate the two cells? CELL PLATE
30. How are the two new daughter cells separated from each other in
animals(describe)? PINCHING TOGETHER OF THE CELL MEMBRANE
TOCREATE TWO NEW CELLS
31. __CYTOKINESIS___ or division of the cytoplasm & organelles follows
__TELOPHASE___(phase of mitosis), and forms _____2_____(#) identical
daughter cells.
32. Define Cancer. THE UNCONTROLLED GROWTH OF CELLS
33. How does the surface area to volume ratio relate to cell division? AS THE
sa/vol RATIO DECREASES THE CELL CAN NO LONGER GET ENOUGH
MATERIAL IN nor OUT AND THE CELL MUST DIVIDE
34. Does mitosis result in DIPLOID or HAPLOID cells?(circle one)
35. Does meiosis result in DIPLOID or HAPLOID cells.?(circle one)
36. Do gametes have the DIPLOID or HAPLOID number of chromosomes?(circle one)
37. Do Body Cells have the DIPLOID or HAPLOID # of chromosomes?(circle one)
38. What is the purpose of Meiosis? CREATES NEW GAMETES THAT HAVE THE HAPLOID
# OF CHROMOSOMES FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
39. What is crossing over? DURING PROPHASE I THE TETRADS OF CHROMOSOMES
OFTEN TANGLE, EXCHANGING SEGMENTS, CREATING NEW COMBINATIONS OF
GENES During which phase of Meiosis does this occur? PROPHASE I What is a tetrad? 4
HOMOLOGOUS CHROMSOMES ALIGNED CLOSE TO EACH OTHER
4
40. From the diagram above, which stage is the longest?______S___________
41. From the diagram above which stage follows Mitosis?______CYTOKINESIS____________
42. From the diagram above which 3 stages form Interphase? G1,S,G2
43. Name each numbered stage in the plant cell cycle diagram:(interphase, prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, or telophase)
1.________________M____________________
2.____________P______________
3. _______________T_____________________
12.____________T_______________
15._____________I______________________
7.______________A_________________
44. Label each of the stages in animal cell mitosis below.
5
INTERPHASE
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
CENTROSOME
S
CENTROMERE
CHROMOSOME
SPINDLE
TELOPHASE
ANAPHASE
45.
Give a difference between animal cell and plant cell mitosis during
telophase. PLANT CELL FORMS A CLEAVAGE FURROW AND THE PLANT
BUILDS A CELL PLATE
6
46.
47.
48.
49.
Which structure above produces pollen?_____ANTHER_________________
Which of the structures is where the egg or ovum is stored?__OVARY____.
What is the name for the male parts of the flower?_______STAMEN_______
What is the name for the female parts of the flower?_____PISTIL______
50.
complete the chart below on comparing mitosis and meiosis:
Table 3.2: Compare Mitosis and Meiosis
Chromosome number of
parent cells
Number of DNA
replications
Mitosis
Meiosis
Diploid (2n)
Diploid
(2n)
HAPOID(n)
Once
ONCE
Once
Number of divisions
One
Two
TWO
Number of daughter cells
produced
Two
4 Four
Chromosome number of
daughter cells
Diploid (2n)
DIPLOID
Growth and
Purpose
GROWTH
repair
AND REPAIR
Haploid (n)
Production of
gametes or
spores
7