Download Crustacea

Zoologist Name:
Prd:
Interesting
Examples of creatures in Phylum Porifera:
Sounds like…. “por-IF-er-ah”
Sponge
Glass sponge
Magic Sponges?
If you were to take a living sponge and were to
smash it through a screen and break apart all of
the cells…. what would happen?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovement-
Asymmetrical
Asexually and Sexually
stationary- using holdfast
Food- gather food from water which passes through them
_____________________________________
Sponges are examples of …
Cell Aggregates
.
 Porifera stands for the Greek words meaning
 “________having pores__________”
 The body of a sponge is covered in
pores (tiny holes), which allows the
sponge to take in ______Food__________
such as ______plankton_______________
as well as _______oxygen____________.

Collar cells
.
aka Choanocytes wiggle their tails and water
flows swish sea water through the sponge. As
the water flows through, the
Chonanocytes snag pieces of food.
 Sponges do not have bones, yet they are
hard. Sponges have tiny
_____spicules________ that act as
skeletons.
PHYLUM PORIFERA
Choaocyte
or
‘collar cell’
Water goes OUT
through the
Osculum
Water goes IN
through thepores
Nemo is in Danger!!
The coral reef is in danger! Although some parts of the coral
reef is as hard as a rock, the ecosystem is very delicate. If
things like _________scuba divers___________ or
_______________boat anchors _______________ touch the
coral it can damage to the reef and destroy many animals’
niches.
Sounds like “ny-DARE-ee-ah”
Examples of creatures in Phylum Cnidaria:
Hydra

Hydra (Chlorohydra viridissima):
Jellyfish
Hydra live in __________Fresh water____________ .
They are the only Cnidarian not to live in salt water.
Anemones
Corals
“Duuuuuude. Takin
on the Jellies!”
This hydra is in it’s ________polyp________________
stage.
Hydra eat food like ______Daphnia________________
Picture of Hydra
The Facts …
Body symmetry- Radial
Reproduction-
Asexually and Sexually
Movement- Polyps- Stationary
Medusas- movement varies
Food- carnivores- sting their prey
.
 Members of this phylum all have stinging
cells to capture their prey and defend
themselves called
__________cnidocytes______________.
Draw the two body plans of Cnidarians:
Polyp stage
Medusa stage
 Cnidarians can move in very interesting
ways
Hydra- summersault
Jellyfish- swim
Anemones- stretch out and bend
from side to side
 ____________Coral reef____________ is
made up mostly of Cnidarians and
Attached
Free swimming
Porifera. Cniarians in their polyp stage
will attach to anything surface on the
ocean floor. As they grow, they construct a hard inner structure and surround it with a soft body. When
Cniarians die, the soft tentacles disintegrate but the hard structure is left behind.
Nom nom nom… How Do Cnidaria Eat?
Cnidarians feed by capturing their prey using the stinging cells in their tentacles and then pull
the prey animals to its mouth. Tentacles pass food into the body cavity where it will be
digested. They spit out undigested food.____2-way digestive system___________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
…
PHYLUM CNIDARIA
Examples of creatures in Phylum Nematoda:
Ascaris ( Ascaris lumbricoides)1 billion people infected. Worms are between 15 & 49 cm long.
T. Solium ( Taenia solium)
Round worms look like tiny pieces of cooked spaghetti with a pointed
head and tail.
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovementFood-
Bilateral
Sounds like “nem-ma-TOE-dah”
Sexual
thrashing from side to side
Parasites.
Worms are the simplest animals that have a _____Brain_________.
Their brain is more of a cluster of nerve tissue.
Worms have a
1 way
digestive system. They are more
advanced than sponges or cnidarians.
Label the MOUTH & ANUS and
draw arrows for the path of food.
Worms do not have eyes, ears or noses. How can
they tell what is around them?
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
_They have sense organs that can detect light and
touch. They can detect the vibrations from
footsteps.___________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
- Nematodes are the most abundant animals on earth, with over _____20,000_________
species identified. They can live in almost any environment on earth.
PHYLUM NEMATODA
(round)
Examples of creatures in Phylum Platyhelmenthes:
Planaria (Dugesia dorotocephala)
-non-parasitic
-Planarians are scavengers who feed on dead or decaying material
-Planarian live in ponds, slide over wet soil, or swirl around in the ocean.
-They have two spots on their head. Called eyespots. Cannot see images but help differentiate between
light and dark.
-They also have a sense of smell on their head to help detect food.
-Planarians feed by sticking a feeding tube into the food, and digesting the food. The extra undigested
food comes back out the tube (no anus)
-Planarians are notorious for being able to regenerate.
Tapeworms
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovementFood-
Bilateral
Sexual and Asexual (or regeneration)
Muscular or cilliary movement
scavengers or parasites
Sounds like “plat-ee-hell-MEN-thees”
Platyhelminthes
Flat
Worms
Tapeworms !
(ewwww)
Tape worms are parasitic.
Host- an organism which the parasite lives in.
Parasite- absorb food from the host’s digestive system
This part is called the ___Scolex__________
What is the longest tape worm ever found to date?
____________________
What do Planarian and Frankenstein have in common????
How do tape worms get so
long?
____________________________
Regeneration !
____________________________
Regeneration is….
____________________________
______The ability of an organism to regrow lost parts. __
____________________________
______________________________________________
____________________________
______________________________________________
____________________________
______________________________________________
____________________________
.
PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES (flat)
Examples of creatures in Phylum Annelida:
Earthworms (Dugesia dorotocephala)
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovement-
Sounds like…. “a-NELL-i-dah”
Bilateral
Sexual
muscular contraction
Did You Know???
The scientific name for an earthworm poop is
_______Casting________________________
Food- Scavengers (leaves,
Did You Know???
The average earthworm has about ____100______ segments!
A segment is one of the small divisions on the surface of the worm.
Why are Annelids good for our soil?
1. Breaking down organic matter
2. aeration and drainage
3. release chemicals into soil
Earthworm Anatomy
 Segmented worms
have a ________1
way______ digestive
Mouth
Brain
Heart
Coelom
Nerve cord
Digestive tract
Blood vessels
system
Anus
 Annelids blood moves through a “______closed_______” circulatory system.
Which means blood is confined to blood vessels.
Describe how each of these
features help earthworms move through
the dirt.
1) Bristles- small hairs on the skin of
worms, which helps them crawl
through the dirt.
2) Mucus – a slippery substance
worms create on the outside of
their skin which helps them slide
through the dirt.
 Earthworms need to remain moist at all times
because they
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_________will die if they dry out because they
absorb oxygen through the air_______________
PHYLUM ANNELIDA
(segmented)
.
Examples of creatures in Phylum Echniodermata:
Star fish
Sea Lillies
Sand dollars
Sea Urchins The sea urchin are dome shaped and have long spines they use for protection, which also
have poisonous sacs at the ends of the spines that can deliver a painful sting.
Sea Cucumbers
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovement-
Radial (usually 5 part)
Sexual and Asexual (or regeneration)
tube feet or moving limbs
Food- carnivores / scavengers
Where- ocean floors
Sounds like… “ee-ky-no-der-MAH-tah”
Echinodermata-
Spiny
Skin
 Most echinoderms, like starfish have tiny suction cups
on the bottom of their called ___________Tube
feet_______________________. They use these feet
to move, and also to grasp prey.
(ex. _____Clam shells______________)
 __________________Brittle stars _________________ don’t move using tube feet,
instead they carry themselves around using their long limbs or tentacles.
 Sand dollars don’t have limbs or tube feet…. But have very short _______Spines________
which help them ___________________bury into the sand_________________________.
 _______Sea Cucumbers________________live on the __________ocean
floor______________. They don’t have spines, but have a very tough, leathery skin.
They have a mouth at one end and an anus at the other end. Describe their interesting
defense mechanism…
___________________________________________________________________________
In times of defense the sea cucumber actually ejects it’s internal organs, which secrete a
sticky thread that entangle the enemy while the sea cucumber gets away. The organs
regenerate within a short period of time. They move with tiny tube feet on their bottom.
They are filter feeders; they sweep food into their mouths with tentacles and then can digest
the food and expel the remains.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA
Examples of creatures in Phylum Mollusca:
Clams
Mussels
Oysters
Octopuses
squids
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovement-
Bilateral
There are three main
classes within Phylum
Mulusca…
Sexual
muscular foot- or propulsion
Food-
Sounds like… “mall-US-kah”
1) Gastropoda
2) Bivalvia
3) Cephalopoda
All animals in phylum mullusca contain a think muscular
‘______________foot__________’
This features helps them to open and close their shell, eat, move, or
to burry into the sand.
The 3 Classes of Phylum Mollusca
Class
Gastropoda
Class
Bivalvia
Class
Cephalopoda
“Stomach foot”
“Two Shells”
“Head foot”
Examples:
Examples:
Clams
Oysters
Mussels
Scallops
Snails
slugs
How do they move?
Tiny cilia on bottom of the
stomach foot.
Produce mucus to slide on.
Pearls
Examples:
Squids
Octopuses
Nautiluses
How do they move?
How do they move?
Opening and closing their
shell to squirt water
Tentacles
&
Jet propulsion
are formed when a small grain of sand gets stuck between the muscular foot
and the shell of an oyster. The oyster covers the foreign object with layers upon layer of a
shiny secretion.
PHYLUM MULLUSCA
Sounds like…. “are-thro-POE-dah”
The Facts …
Body symmetryReproductionMovement-
Bilateral
Sexual
varies
Food- carnivores or herbivores
Arthropoda - comes from the Greek word meaning “____________joined legs__________”
All arthropods share 4 characteristics
1) Exoskeleton
2) Segmented body
3) Jointed appendages
4) An “open circulatory system
 Arthropods have an “_______Open_____________” circulatory (blood) system.
o This means….
Arthropods have a “outer” skeleton called an _________Exoskeleton_____________. How
do arthropods grow bigger, if their skeleton is on the outside of their body?
_______________________________________Describe Molting____________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
There are 4 Sub-phyla of Arthropoda
Crustacea
Myriapoda
Crustacea is greek for
“__________hard exoskeleton______________”
Myriapoda is greek for “_______many__
legs___________.”
Examples of Crustaceans:
Examples of Myriapods:
-Hermit crabs
-Lobsters
-Barnacles
-Shrimp
-crayfish
-Daphnia
Centipedes – Carnivorous (bugs and beetles)
Millipedes- Herbivorious ( leaves and organic matter)
Crustaceans have two pair of antennae and mouthparts
Why are they found in damp places?
that are used for crushing and grinding food.
____________Exoskeletons are not waterproof, so they
try to live in damp places so they don’t loose water, and
dry out.______________________________________
Crustaceans have a special respiratory organ called
_____________________________________________
gills
_____________________________________________
Arachinida
Insecta
Examples of Arachnids:
-Insects have three body sections:
1. Head
2. Chest
3. Abdomen
-Spiders
-Scorpions
- ticks
-mites
-______Six_________ legs attached to the chest.
Two body sections:
1) Head/chest
Metamorphosis means “to
_______transform________”
1) Egg
2) Larva (eat eat eat eat eat)
3) Pupa (sometimes wrapped in cocoon)
4) Adult (reproduction)
2) Abdomen
They all have either 4 or 8 legs
The fear of animals in this phylum is called…
______________Arachiniphobia______________
Defense mechanisms: stingers & camouflage
Extremely powerful chemicals released by insects to
attract a mate are called pheromones.
PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
Invertebrate Tid-bits
The five kingdoms are:
The levels of classification are (from largest to smallest)
1) Moneran
Kingdom
2) Protista
Phylum
3) Fungi
Class
4) Plantea
Order
5) Animalia
Family
Genus
Species
 Animal Kingdom can be broken down into two major divisions:
1.
Invertebrates
2.
Vertebrates
: Vertebral column = Backbone
: Have a Backbone
 Characteristics of the Animal Kingdom
1. All display the 8 functions of life
2. Animal cells
DO
NOT
contain a cell wall
3. Animals have organized body plans
Cells

Tissues

Organs

 Types of Symmetry
1) Bilateral
2) Radial
3) Asymmetry
 Types of Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction- Requires 2 sex cells (sperm & egg)
Asexual Reproduction- Requires only 1 to produce offspring
Organ systems

Organism